{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2056298552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","title":"Detection of Moving Ships Based on a Combination of Magnitude and Phase in Along-Track Interferometric SAR\u2014Part II: Statistical Modeling and CFAR Detection","display_name":"Detection of Moving Ships Based on a Combination of Magnitude and Phase in Along-Track Interferometric SAR\u2014Part II: Statistical Modeling and CFAR Detection","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2056298552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","mag":"2056298552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069548273","display_name":"Gui Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-5829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96415178","display_name":"University of Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/04arkmn57","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96415178"]}],"countries":["CN","CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gui Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, China","Sch. of Electron. Sci. & Eng., Nat. Univ. of Defence Technol., Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electron. Sci. & Eng., Nat. Univ. of Defence Technol., Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96415178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101835856","display_name":"Xiaoyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9332-2700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96415178","display_name":"University of Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/04arkmn57","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96415178"]}],"countries":["CN","CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, China","Sch. of Electron. Sci. & Eng., Nat. Univ. of Defence Technol., Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electron. Sci. & Eng., Nat. Univ. of Defence Technol., Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96415178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076601961","display_name":"Tao Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091712","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00b3j7936","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Institute of Information Technology, Zhengzhou, China","Zhengzhou Inst. of Inf. Technol., Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Institute of Information Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Inst. of Inf. Technol., Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":57.0263,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99540716,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"7","first_page":"3582","last_page":"3599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7360501885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.7210856080055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6814365983009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.5221022367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5028788447380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.499652624130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.4871899485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4735100567340851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4692623019218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4280989170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4254774749279022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39486685395240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.32191094756126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28646230697631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26219838857650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24772679805755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2043256163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14077433943748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12317141890525818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7360501885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.7210856080055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6814365983009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.5221022367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5028788447380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.499652624130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.4871899485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4735100567340851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4692623019218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.4280989170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4254774749279022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39486685395240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.32191094756126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28646230697631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26219838857650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24772679805755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2043256163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14077433943748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12317141890525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2379351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6273125517","display_name":"\u591a\u901a\u9053SAR\u5730\u9762\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ee\u6807\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41171316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8538785876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41301481","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142575998","https://openalex.org/W604181985","https://openalex.org/W1602107991","https://openalex.org/W1853522434","https://openalex.org/W1998409277","https://openalex.org/W2016702442","https://openalex.org/W2032982633","https://openalex.org/W2037095848","https://openalex.org/W2076063977","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2101690226","https://openalex.org/W2106812384","https://openalex.org/W2108349280","https://openalex.org/W2120062331","https://openalex.org/W2120066054","https://openalex.org/W2142500924","https://openalex.org/W2158246412","https://openalex.org/W2158347164","https://openalex.org/W2170896097","https://openalex.org/W3016843226","https://openalex.org/W3113221786","https://openalex.org/W6675173727"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388326001","https://openalex.org/W3011102797","https://openalex.org/W2351401443","https://openalex.org/W2115015615","https://openalex.org/W4320921117","https://openalex.org/W1968850503","https://openalex.org/W1649651896","https://openalex.org/W2116961228","https://openalex.org/W1952514008","https://openalex.org/W3173283069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"powerful":[2],"constant":[3],"false-alarm":[4],"rate":[5],"(CFAR)":[6],"method":[7,131],"is":[8],"proposed":[9,112,130],"for":[10,54],"detecting":[11],"moving":[12,107],"ships":[13],"in":[14,33],"along-track":[15],"interferometric":[16],"synthetic":[17],"aperture":[18],"radar":[19,69],"(ATI-SAR)":[20],"images,":[21],"based":[22],"on":[23],"the":[24,41,44,55,68,74,83,87,95,103,111,129],"sea":[25,62],"interferogram's":[26],"magnitude":[27],"and":[28],"phase":[29],"(SIMP)":[30],"metric,":[31],"presented":[32,88],"Part":[34],"I":[35],"of":[36,43,58,61,73,86,98,106,120],"this":[37],"paper.":[38],"First,":[39],"within":[40],"structure":[42],"product":[45],"model,":[46],"a":[47,77],"statistical":[48],"model":[49,89,113],"(hereafter":[50],"simply":[51],"termed":[52],"Nq)":[53],"square":[56],"root":[57],"SIMP":[59],"metrics":[60],"clutter":[63],"was":[64,114],"developed":[65],"by":[66,93,124],"assuming":[67],"cross-sectional":[70],"(RCS)":[71],"components":[72],"return":[75],"follow":[76],"commonly":[78],"used":[79],"gamma":[80],"distribution.":[81],"Moreover,":[82],"parameter":[84],"estimators":[85],"were":[90],"analytically":[91],"derived":[92],"applying":[94],"well-known":[96],"\u201cmethod":[97],"log":[99],"cumulants\u201d":[100],"(MoLC).":[101],"Finally,":[102],"CFAR":[104],"threshold":[105],"ship":[108],"detection,":[109],"using":[110],"given":[115],"analytically.":[116],"The":[117],"experimental":[118],"results":[119],"measured":[121],"ATI-SAR":[122],"data":[123],"NASA/JPL's":[125],"AirSAR":[126],"show":[127],"that":[128],"gives":[132],"good":[133],"performance.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
