{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054436772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","title":"Tropical Cyclone Winds Retrieved From C-Band Cross-Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar","display_name":"Tropical Cyclone Winds Retrieved From C-Band Cross-Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054436772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","mag":"2054436772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050788165","display_name":"Jochen Horstmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139239","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjp1d79","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210139239"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jochen Horstmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024222084","display_name":"Silvia Falchetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8971-977X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342391420","display_name":"NATO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation","ror":"https://ror.org/049z8cx69","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342391420","https://openalex.org/I4210123720","https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Falchetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Maritime Research and Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy","Center for Maritime Res. & Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Maritime Research and Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342391420"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Maritime Res. & Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342391420"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108370686","display_name":"Christopher Wackerman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103168","display_name":"Ypsilanti District Library","ror":"https://ror.org/00qp7zm97","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103168"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Wackerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["MDA Information Systems LLC, Ypsilanti, MI, USA","MDA Inf. Syst. LLC, Ypsilanti, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MDA Information Systems LLC, Ypsilanti, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MDA Inf. Syst. LLC, Ypsilanti, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061882057","display_name":"Salvatore Maresca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-9454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342391420","display_name":"NATO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation","ror":"https://ror.org/049z8cx69","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342391420","https://openalex.org/I4210123720","https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117728","display_name":"Center For Remote Sensing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021wvg932","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Maresca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Maritime Research and Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy","Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Maritime Research and Experimentation, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342391420"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728","https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102386611","display_name":"Michael J. Caruso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117728","display_name":"Center For Remote Sensing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021wvg932","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Caruso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728","https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029880124","display_name":"Hans C. Graber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7377-0861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117728","display_name":"Center For Remote Sensing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021wvg932","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans C. Graber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117728","https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050788165"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581","https://openalex.org/I4210139239"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97665214,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"5","first_page":"2887","last_page":"2898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7351855039596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.7305381298065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5931987762451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5540215969085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-direction","display_name":"Wind direction","score":0.549252986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.47195520997047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.44564780592918396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-cyclone","display_name":"Tropical cyclone","score":0.42040184140205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4067593514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.36447596549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24415209889411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2200702726840973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09876254200935364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7351855039596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.7305381298065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5931987762451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5540215969085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107775477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057900","display_name":"Wind direction","level":3,"score":0.549252986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.47195520997047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.44564780592918396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29141058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8092","display_name":"Tropical cyclone","level":2,"score":0.42040184140205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4067593514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.36447596549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24415209889411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2200702726840973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09876254200935364}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2014.2366433","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:Helmholtz.GKSS:32807","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402271","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum f\u00fcr Materialforschung und kustenforschung (The Helmholtz Center Geesthacht)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210139239","host_organization_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/521988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11382/521988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544408884","https://openalex.org/W1648074782","https://openalex.org/W1963834619","https://openalex.org/W1966169771","https://openalex.org/W1977983739","https://openalex.org/W1996061146","https://openalex.org/W1997085102","https://openalex.org/W2007059359","https://openalex.org/W2012392621","https://openalex.org/W2013502366","https://openalex.org/W2026203433","https://openalex.org/W2028300352","https://openalex.org/W2049496041","https://openalex.org/W2059866795","https://openalex.org/W2092055157","https://openalex.org/W2093217721","https://openalex.org/W2093509809","https://openalex.org/W2093761294","https://openalex.org/W2096041557","https://openalex.org/W2097511309","https://openalex.org/W2100947941","https://openalex.org/W2104602388","https://openalex.org/W2105478844","https://openalex.org/W2110279975","https://openalex.org/W2115296282","https://openalex.org/W2122492910","https://openalex.org/W2127016924","https://openalex.org/W2130484591","https://openalex.org/W2130820683","https://openalex.org/W2131694318","https://openalex.org/W2133410947","https://openalex.org/W2139494805","https://openalex.org/W2146104749","https://openalex.org/W2150221915","https://openalex.org/W2151124798","https://openalex.org/W2152185114","https://openalex.org/W2160893194","https://openalex.org/W2167794993","https://openalex.org/W2168949884","https://openalex.org/W2315162347","https://openalex.org/W2327218957","https://openalex.org/W4229952022","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6673976601","https://openalex.org/W6680777499","https://openalex.org/W6682012311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315556926","https://openalex.org/W2288310241","https://openalex.org/W4321492268","https://openalex.org/W238980701","https://openalex.org/W2301582445","https://openalex.org/W170616846","https://openalex.org/W2112476022","https://openalex.org/W3082854019","https://openalex.org/W2303412596","https://openalex.org/W2517858430"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,94],"geophysical":[4],"model":[5],"function":[6],"(GMF)":[7],"that":[8,208],"has":[9],"been":[10,39],"developed":[11],"to":[12,49,79,229],"describe":[13],"the":[14,17,22,54,65,69,73,98,104,113,119,123,131,137,147,163,190,227],"relation":[15],"of":[16,64,72,97,122,162,180,186,215,220],"ocean":[18],"surface":[19],"wind":[20,51,58,67,87,101,158,197,212,231],"with":[21,77,169],"normalized":[23],"radar":[24,35],"cross":[25,30],"section":[26],"(NRCS)":[27],"at":[28,42,47,142,149],"C-band":[29],"polarization":[31,84,145],"(cross-pol).":[32],"Synthetic":[33],"aperture":[34],"(SAR)":[36],"images":[37],"have":[38],"simultaneously":[40],"collected":[41],"copolarization":[43],"(co-pol)":[44],"and":[45,60,83,116,128,146,183,202,222],"cross-pol":[46,70,106,210],"moderate":[48,228],"high":[50,230],"speeds.":[52],"Using":[53],"SAR":[55,105,209,235],"co-pol":[56,236],"retrieved":[57,66,211,237],"fields":[59],"an":[61],"uncertainty":[62],"estimate":[63],"speeds,":[68],"dependencies":[71],"NRCS":[74,99],"are":[75,108,126,135,214,223],"investigated":[76],"respect":[78],"wind,":[80],"incidence":[81],"angle,":[82],"pairs.":[85],"For":[86],"speeds":[88,213],"above":[89],"10":[90,201],"m/s,":[91],"there":[92],"is":[93,139,165],"significant":[95],"dependence":[96],"on":[100],"speed.":[102],"However,":[103],"data":[107],"also":[109],"significantly":[110,224],"affected":[111],"by":[112,167],"noise":[114,124],"floor":[115,125],"crosstalk":[117],"between":[118,200],"channels.":[120],"Estimates":[121],"determined":[127],"removed":[129],"from":[130],"NRCS.":[132],"Three":[133],"GMFs":[134,164,195],"developed:":[136],"first":[138],"for":[140,157,193,196],"transmission":[141],"horizontal":[143],"(H)":[144],"second":[148],"vertical":[150],"(V)":[151],"polarization.":[152],"A":[153],"third":[154],"GMF":[155],"accounts":[156],"direction":[159],"dependence.":[160],"Validation":[161],"conducted":[166],"comparison":[168],"collocated":[170],"Stepped":[171],"Frequency":[172],"Microwave":[173],"Radiometer":[174],"(SFMR)":[175],"data.":[176],"The":[177],"resulting":[178],"bias":[179],"-0.7":[181],"m/s":[182,188],"standard":[184],"deviation":[185],"3.7":[187],"demonstrate":[189],"excellent":[191],"performance":[192],"these":[194],"speed":[198,232],"retrieval":[199],"35":[203],"m/s.":[204],"Furthermore,":[205],"comparisons":[206],"show":[207],"similar":[216],"quality":[217],"as":[218],"those":[219],"SFMR":[221],"better":[225],"in":[226],"regime":[233],"than":[234],"winds.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}