{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045056858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","title":"High-Rate GPS Seismology Using Real-Time Precise Point Positioning With Ambiguity Resolution","display_name":"High-Rate GPS Seismology Using Real-Time Precise Point Positioning With Ambiguity Resolution","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045056858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","mag":"2045056858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100661812","display_name":"Xingxing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-9702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["CN","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061833277","display_name":"Maorong Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-1153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maorong Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101979469","display_name":"Cuixian Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8769-3051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuixian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419861","display_name":"Yong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-3698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90149893","display_name":"China Earthquake Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/045sza929","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90149893"]}],"countries":["CN","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90149893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101761316","display_name":"Rongjiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-1480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongjiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035533740","display_name":"Jens Wickert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-5276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Wickert","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014145696","display_name":"Harald Schuh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-0370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Schuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Res. Centre for Geosci. (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":45.8514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9941374,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"10","first_page":"6165","last_page":"6180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.8414605855941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.7096544504165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6875905990600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","score":0.6794882416725159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5500997304916382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5421146154403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.491446852684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.4874696731567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.41572582721710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3909703195095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.32460224628448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.20021340250968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12951794266700745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.8414605855941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.7096544504165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6875905990600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777559092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741445","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","level":4,"score":0.6794882416725159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5500997304916382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5421146154403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.491446852684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.4874696731567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.41572582721710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3909703195095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.32460224628448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.20021340250968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12951794266700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2295373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfz-potsdam.de:escidoc:838922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/escidoc:838922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"http://purl.org/escidoc/metadata/ves/publication-types/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335136","display_name":"National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/04cwfse38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335584","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam - Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31417387","https://openalex.org/W239093348","https://openalex.org/W1496582011","https://openalex.org/W1584541129","https://openalex.org/W1845878520","https://openalex.org/W1985692829","https://openalex.org/W1988789326","https://openalex.org/W1995221075","https://openalex.org/W1995684967","https://openalex.org/W2004274764","https://openalex.org/W2004547646","https://openalex.org/W2007132721","https://openalex.org/W2019450407","https://openalex.org/W2026185404","https://openalex.org/W2028372850","https://openalex.org/W2033828002","https://openalex.org/W2058736822","https://openalex.org/W2060803307","https://openalex.org/W2060814388","https://openalex.org/W2077171748","https://openalex.org/W2084389047","https://openalex.org/W2084786391","https://openalex.org/W2085588401","https://openalex.org/W2086820490","https://openalex.org/W2087028515","https://openalex.org/W2095093213","https://openalex.org/W2113330803","https://openalex.org/W2113797947","https://openalex.org/W2117514435","https://openalex.org/W2123449025","https://openalex.org/W2124002832","https://openalex.org/W2132981020","https://openalex.org/W2140050818","https://openalex.org/W2155707654","https://openalex.org/W2159154457","https://openalex.org/W2205095219","https://openalex.org/W2318603683","https://openalex.org/W2334355178","https://openalex.org/W3016941760","https://openalex.org/W3039849341","https://openalex.org/W4240109574","https://openalex.org/W6601251535","https://openalex.org/W6609269711","https://openalex.org/W6687999096","https://openalex.org/W6702908600","https://openalex.org/W6780465245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200427822","https://openalex.org/W2402156844","https://openalex.org/W2337550708","https://openalex.org/W4382047251","https://openalex.org/W831686562","https://openalex.org/W2103308634","https://openalex.org/W2597717805","https://openalex.org/W2595594698","https://openalex.org/W2982592442","https://openalex.org/W2744298319"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,15,18,50,54,58,75,81,91,94,121,126,132,143,149,163,179],"availability":[2],"of":[3,38,57,93,107,111,165,174,178],"real-time":[4,19,76,85,98],"high-rate":[5],"GPS":[6],"observations":[7],"and":[8,12,32,63,80,100,125,139,177],"precise":[9,20],"satellite":[10],"orbit":[11],"clock":[13],"products,":[14],"interest":[16],"in":[17,40,49,97,105,117,148,183],"point":[21],"positioning":[22,103],"(PPP)":[23],"technique":[24],"has":[25],"greatly":[26],"increased":[27],"to":[28,33],"construct":[29],"displacement":[30,133],"waveforms":[31,134],"invert":[34],"for":[35,84],"source":[36],"parameters":[37],"earthquakes":[39],"real":[41,184],"time.":[42,185],"Furthermore,":[43],"PPP":[44,60,77,86,96,138,156],"ambiguity":[45,87],"resolution":[46],"approaches,":[47],"developed":[48],"recent":[51],"years,":[52],"overcome":[53],"accuracy":[55,66,104,164],"limitation":[56],"standard":[59],"float":[61],"solution":[62,158],"achieve":[64],"comparable":[65],"with":[67],"relative":[68],"positioning.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"introduce":[74],"service":[78],"system":[79],"key":[82],"techniques":[83],"resolution.":[88],"We":[89],"assess":[90],"performance":[92],"ambiguity-fixed":[95,137],"scenarios":[99],"confirm":[101],"that":[102],"terms":[106],"root":[108],"mean":[109],"square":[110],"1.0-1.5":[112],"cm":[113],"can":[114,161],"be":[115],"achieved":[116],"horizontal":[118],"components.":[119],"For":[120],"2011":[122],"Tohoku-Oki":[123],"(Japan)":[124],"2010":[127],"El":[128],"Mayor-Cucapah":[129],"(Mexico)":[130],"earthquakes,":[131],"estimated":[135],"from":[136],"those":[140],"provided":[141],"by":[142],"accelerometer":[144],"instrumentation":[145],"are":[146],"consistent":[147],"dynamic":[150],"component":[151],"within":[152],"few":[153],"centimeters.":[154],"The":[155],"fixed":[157],"not":[159],"only":[160],"improve":[162],"coseismic":[166],"displacements":[167],"but":[168],"also":[169],"provides":[170],"a":[171],"reliable":[172],"recovery":[173],"earthquake":[175],"magnitude":[176],"fault":[180],"slip":[181],"distribution":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}