{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046272636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","title":"Staggered SAR: High-Resolution Wide-Swath Imaging by Continuous PRI Variation","display_name":"Staggered SAR: High-Resolution Wide-Swath Imaging by Continuous PRI Variation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046272636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","mag":"2046272636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035922282","display_name":"Michelangelo Villano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-6927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michelangelo Villano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038360917","display_name":"Gerhard Krieger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-0285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerhard Krieger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014119546","display_name":"Alberto Moreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Moreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves & Radar Inst., German Aerosp. Center, Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035922282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":259.9215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":229,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99973261,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"7","first_page":"4462","last_page":"4479"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7986013889312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7074315547943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.697512149810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.6923781633377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.577903687953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5613425374031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.4681088626384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-looking-airborne-radar","display_name":"Side looking airborne radar","score":0.4445892572402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.4297565221786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.37677448987960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3676202893257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.25027787685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2217908501625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1522769331932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13860806822776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08988803625106812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7986013889312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7074315547943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.697512149810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.6923781633377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.577903687953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5613425374031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.4681088626384735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62282787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831483","display_name":"Side looking airborne radar","level":5,"score":0.4445892572402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4297565221786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.37677448987960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3676202893257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.25027787685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2217908501625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1522769331932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13860806822776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08988803625106812}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2013.2282192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:84310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://elib.dlr.de/84310/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenbeitrag"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9072277","https://openalex.org/W27749920","https://openalex.org/W53347652","https://openalex.org/W75158322","https://openalex.org/W86549454","https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1600455797","https://openalex.org/W1664648250","https://openalex.org/W1897969018","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1968204053","https://openalex.org/W1985053641","https://openalex.org/W1988588397","https://openalex.org/W1988751447","https://openalex.org/W1999067862","https://openalex.org/W2017494490","https://openalex.org/W2025615944","https://openalex.org/W2025969570","https://openalex.org/W2047814310","https://openalex.org/W2052807823","https://openalex.org/W2081801625","https://openalex.org/W2110964282","https://openalex.org/W2111415567","https://openalex.org/W2111535004","https://openalex.org/W2126464026","https://openalex.org/W2127065135","https://openalex.org/W2128939054","https://openalex.org/W2128960312","https://openalex.org/W2131227606","https://openalex.org/W2131714337","https://openalex.org/W2135247127","https://openalex.org/W2139520547","https://openalex.org/W2140990782","https://openalex.org/W2141795796","https://openalex.org/W2149342143","https://openalex.org/W2151789205","https://openalex.org/W2156606791","https://openalex.org/W2172001190","https://openalex.org/W2174498453","https://openalex.org/W2224079160","https://openalex.org/W2226113017","https://openalex.org/W2321585011","https://openalex.org/W2405864214","https://openalex.org/W2535243374","https://openalex.org/W3214953536","https://openalex.org/W6600358969","https://openalex.org/W6601131596","https://openalex.org/W6602121817","https://openalex.org/W6603099011","https://openalex.org/W6639583375","https://openalex.org/W6678804407","https://openalex.org/W6689132384","https://openalex.org/W6689294059"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1908474219","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2612690400","https://openalex.org/W2081203575","https://openalex.org/W2042726296","https://openalex.org/W2160730947","https://openalex.org/W2138403211","https://openalex.org/W2041414401","https://openalex.org/W2540140465","https://openalex.org/W2103752381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1,96],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"is":[4,81,100,103,146,192],"a":[5,45,56,77,85,89,94,108,155,163,206],"remote":[6],"sensing":[7],"technique,":[8],"capable":[9],"of":[10,15,30,55,154,171,174,179,198],"providing":[11],"high-resolution":[12],"images":[13],"independent":[14],"weather":[16],"conditions":[17],"and":[18,176,223],"sunlight":[19],"illumination.":[20],"This":[21,60,132,149],"makes":[22],"SAR":[23,39,191],"very":[24,78],"attractive":[25],"for":[26,162],"the":[27,34,53,141,152,160,172,177,180,189],"systematic":[28],"observation":[29],"dynamic":[31],"processes":[32],"on":[33],"Earth's":[35],"surface.":[36],"However,":[37],"conventional":[38],"systems":[40,67],"are":[41,127,183,220],"limited":[42],"in":[43,73,97,115,122,185],"that":[44],"wide":[46,86,109,156],"swath":[47,158],"can":[48,62,113],"only":[49],"be":[50,63],"achieved":[51],"at":[52],"expense":[54],"degraded":[57],"azimuth":[58],"resolution.":[59],"limitation":[61],"overcome":[64],"by":[65,196],"using":[66,119],"with":[68,93,166,203,208],"multiple":[69,167,214],"receive":[70],"apertures,":[71],"displaced":[72],"along":[74,98],"track,":[75],"but":[76,124],"long":[79,164],"antenna":[80,92,165],"required":[82],"to":[83,106,205],"map":[84,107],"swath.":[87],"If":[88],"relatively":[90],"short":[91],"single":[95],"track":[99],"available,":[101],"it":[102],"still":[104],"possible":[105],"area:":[110],"Multiple":[111],"swaths":[112],"be,":[114],"fact,":[116],"simultaneously":[117,212],"imaged":[118],"digital":[120],"beamforming":[121],"elevation,":[123],"\u201cblind":[125],"ranges\u201d":[126],"present":[128],"between":[129],"adjacent":[130],"swaths.":[131,215],"paper":[133],"considers":[134],"an":[135],"innovative":[136],"concept,":[137],"staggered":[138,190],"SAR,":[139],"where":[140],"pulse":[142],"repetition":[143],"interval":[144],"(PRI)":[145],"continuously":[147],"varied.":[148],"concept":[150],"allows":[151],"imaging":[153],"continuous":[157],"without":[159],"need":[161],"apertures.":[168],"The":[169],"choice":[170],"sequence":[173],"PRIs":[175],"preprocessing":[178],"raw":[181],"data":[182],"discussed":[184],"detail,":[186],"showing":[187],"how":[188],"even":[193],"less":[194],"affected":[195],"ambiguities":[197],"pointlike":[199],"or":[200],"extended":[201],"targets":[202],"respect":[204],"system":[207,217],"constant":[209],"PRI,":[210],"which":[211],"maps":[213],"Some":[216],"design":[218],"examples":[219],"finally":[221],"presented":[222],"compared.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-16T09:10:04.655348","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}