{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975634580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","title":"Bidirectional SAR Imaging Mode","display_name":"Bidirectional SAR Imaging Mode","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975634580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","mag":"1975634580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069597533","display_name":"Josef Mittermayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7238-4240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Josef Mittermayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090188456","display_name":"Steffen Wollstadt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-762X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Wollstadt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091685846","display_name":"Pau Prats","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7583-2309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pau Prats-Iraola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031484159","display_name":"Paco L\u00f3pez\u2010Dekker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-4403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paco Lopez-Dekker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038360917","display_name":"Gerhard Krieger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-0285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerhard Krieger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014119546","display_name":"Alberto Moreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Moreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Microwaves & Radar Inst., Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069597533"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":119.7231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99840466,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"601","last_page":"614"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7849538326263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6641443371772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6404032707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5515987277030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-repetition-frequency","display_name":"Pulse repetition frequency","score":0.5040630102157593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.49104762077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-looking-airborne-radar","display_name":"Side looking airborne radar","score":0.49038219451904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.48824313282966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4412713646888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.42162275314331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-acquisition","display_name":"Data acquisition","score":0.4178137481212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38906586170196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3114270865917206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3033674955368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-doppler-radar","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","score":0.2237096130847931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15060138702392578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7849538326263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6641443371772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6404032707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5515987277030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182862853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575887","display_name":"Pulse repetition frequency","level":3,"score":0.5040630102157593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.49104762077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62282787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831483","display_name":"Side looking airborne radar","level":5,"score":0.49038219451904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.48824313282966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4412713646888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.42162275314331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172399","display_name":"Data acquisition","level":2,"score":0.4178137481212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38906586170196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3114270865917206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3033674955368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139931591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029151","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","level":4,"score":0.2237096130847931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15060138702392578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2012.2202669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:76066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2202669>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168201823","https://openalex.org/W2009059698","https://openalex.org/W2014041720","https://openalex.org/W2020244261","https://openalex.org/W2025969570","https://openalex.org/W2072098921","https://openalex.org/W2074771887","https://openalex.org/W2111835993","https://openalex.org/W2112077299","https://openalex.org/W2113744515","https://openalex.org/W2114152188","https://openalex.org/W2116577232","https://openalex.org/W2125516935","https://openalex.org/W2125562053","https://openalex.org/W2130928328","https://openalex.org/W2134528904","https://openalex.org/W2138549847","https://openalex.org/W2151066390","https://openalex.org/W2156606791","https://openalex.org/W2157455112","https://openalex.org/W2169788685","https://openalex.org/W2240201910","https://openalex.org/W2535243374","https://openalex.org/W2611997817","https://openalex.org/W6606821840","https://openalex.org/W6689711487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2108352898","https://openalex.org/W1915418828","https://openalex.org/W2108697546","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W2383271330","https://openalex.org/W4281769129","https://openalex.org/W2031673444","https://openalex.org/W2758958237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,101,120],"paper":[1,102],"introduces":[2],"the":[3,13,37,48,104,125,149],"bidirectional":[4],"synthetic":[5],"aperture":[6],"radar":[7],"(BiDi":[8],"SAR)":[9],"imaging":[10,15,153],"mode,":[11],"i.e.,":[12],"simultaneous":[14],"of":[16,31,50,92,107,127,145],"two":[17],"directions":[18],"by":[19,36],"one":[20,23],"antenna":[21,66],"into":[22],"receiving":[24],"channel,":[25],"and":[26,33,39,62,82,96,112,134],"presents":[27,103],"short-term":[28,51,131],"time":[29,52],"series":[30,53],"images":[32,98,133],"interferograms":[34,138],"acquired":[35,94],"TerraSAR-X":[38,64,111],"TanDEM-X":[40,113],"satellites.":[41],"A":[42],"comparison":[43],"to":[44,129,136],"alternative":[45],"approaches":[46],"for":[47,124,148],"acquisition":[49,58,126],"is":[54,60,68,99],"provided.":[55],"The":[56,89],"BiDi":[57,65,70,86,108,151],"geometry":[59],"defined,":[61],"a":[63,140],"pattern":[67],"analyzed.":[69],"raw":[71,87],"data":[72],"are":[73],"simulated,":[74],"sampled":[75],"with":[76,84,110,116],"different":[77],"pulse":[78],"repetition":[79],"frequency":[80],"values,":[81],"compared":[83],"real":[85],"data.":[88],"spectral":[90],"separation":[91],"simultaneously":[93],"forward-":[95],"backward-looking":[97],"explained.":[100],"image":[105],"results":[106],"acquisitions":[109],"satellites":[114],"flying":[115],"20-km":[117],"along-track":[118],"separation.":[119],"pursuit":[121],"configuration":[122],"allowed":[123],"up":[128,135],"six":[130],"repeated":[132],"three":[137],"in":[139],"single":[141],"pass.":[142],"An":[143],"overview":[144],"potential":[146],"applications":[147],"new":[150],"SAR":[152],"mode":[154],"concludes":[155],"this":[156],"paper.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
