{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974576157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","title":"Multiple Endmember Unmixing of CHRIS/Proba Imagery for Mapping Impervious Surfaces in Urban and Suburban Environments","display_name":"Multiple Endmember Unmixing of CHRIS/Proba Imagery for Mapping Impervious Surfaces in Urban and Suburban Environments","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974576157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","mag":"1974576157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024789982","display_name":"Luca Demarchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-7111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Demarchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091439710","display_name":"Frank Canters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-9577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Canters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047379149","display_name":"Jonathan Cheung-Wai Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-1124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["BE","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Cheung-Wai Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Informatics and the Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","Dept. of Electron. & Inf., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Informatics and the Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059593093","display_name":"Tim Van de Voorde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9324-5087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Van de Voorde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography and GIS Research Group, Department of Geography, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0237,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92827869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"9","first_page":"3409","last_page":"3424"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impervious-surface","display_name":"Impervious surface","score":0.9432483911514282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.9423649311065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.65618896484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subpixel-rendering","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","score":0.6282131671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.5449539422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.512066662311554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.4794565439224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.4741857945919037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4427732229232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4379101097583771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthophoto","display_name":"Orthophoto","score":0.42670440673828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38494986295700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3088337779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.2856937646865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2744675874710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.21313554048538208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.9432483911514282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.9423649311065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.65618896484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68516990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452912","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","level":3,"score":0.6282131671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5449539422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.512066662311554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.4794565439224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.4741857945919037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4427732229232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4379101097583771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922585","display_name":"Orthophoto","level":2,"score":0.42670440673828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38494986295700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3088337779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2856937646865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2744675874710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.21313554048538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2181853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8645284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8645284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1558-0644","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:186199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:71131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/multiple-endmember-unmixing-of-chrisproba-imagery-for-mapping-impervious-surfaces-in-urban-and-suburban-environments(f0028f60-3acb-4796-b3b6-38a331b9352a).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1634085985","https://openalex.org/W1966798775","https://openalex.org/W1983726893","https://openalex.org/W1984091965","https://openalex.org/W1988797124","https://openalex.org/W1996893230","https://openalex.org/W2000605727","https://openalex.org/W2010797227","https://openalex.org/W2015502627","https://openalex.org/W2025389829","https://openalex.org/W2026332487","https://openalex.org/W2027233401","https://openalex.org/W2036583877","https://openalex.org/W2044111667","https://openalex.org/W2049827513","https://openalex.org/W2054116204","https://openalex.org/W2069171338","https://openalex.org/W2095834923","https://openalex.org/W2100329800","https://openalex.org/W2101267413","https://openalex.org/W2101345441","https://openalex.org/W2102270813","https://openalex.org/W2102751363","https://openalex.org/W2109115094","https://openalex.org/W2118943995","https://openalex.org/W2123907688","https://openalex.org/W2123909695","https://openalex.org/W2125298866","https://openalex.org/W2127792030","https://openalex.org/W2131425776","https://openalex.org/W2136625467","https://openalex.org/W2136635809","https://openalex.org/W2142795701","https://openalex.org/W2144881411","https://openalex.org/W2147712562","https://openalex.org/W2147723763","https://openalex.org/W2148100764","https://openalex.org/W2156730686","https://openalex.org/W2159411209","https://openalex.org/W2159530395","https://openalex.org/W2161786950","https://openalex.org/W2163689283","https://openalex.org/W2164377514","https://openalex.org/W2167893433","https://openalex.org/W2172063876","https://openalex.org/W2495786852","https://openalex.org/W2496581783","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6675252512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037328426","https://openalex.org/W1990914742","https://openalex.org/W3106536224","https://openalex.org/W2891033441","https://openalex.org/W2890371384","https://openalex.org/W2315521504","https://openalex.org/W2006559622","https://openalex.org/W2040756827","https://openalex.org/W2051769241","https://openalex.org/W2773863718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,142],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,29,48,56,71,78,114,134,140,145,169,176,181,185],"potential":[4,170],"of":[5,28,31,73,80,86,96,103,136,144,148,171,180],"Compact":[6],"High-Resolution":[7],"Imaging":[8],"Spectrometer":[9],"(CHRIS)/Project":[10],"for":[11,15,47,59,106,139,157,174],"On-Board":[12],"Autonomy":[13],"data":[14,173],"impervious":[16,126,151,158],"surface":[17,127,152],"mapping":[18,175],"is":[19,119,164],"tested":[20],"in":[21,116],"a":[22,83],"mixed":[23],"urban/suburban/rural":[24],"environment":[25,183],"including":[26],"part":[27],"city":[30],"Leuven":[32],"(Belgium)":[33],"using":[34,43],"multiple":[35],"endmember":[36],"unmixing.":[37,141],"Various":[38],"unmixing":[39,60],"scenarios":[40,92],"are":[41],"compared,":[42],"different":[44,109],"threshold":[45,74],"values":[46,75],"<i":[49],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[50],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RMSE</i>":[51],"criterion":[52],"applied":[53],"to":[54,91,122,133],"select":[55],"proper":[57],"model":[58,104],"each":[61],"pixel.":[62],"Validation":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65],"25-cm":[66],"aerial":[67],"photography":[68],"shows":[69],"that":[70,76,93,113],"use":[72,95],"favor":[77],"application":[79],"models":[81,97,138],"with":[82,98,108],"small":[84],"number":[85],"endmembers":[87],"performs":[88],"better":[89],"compared":[90],"make":[94],"more":[99],"endmembers.":[100],"Detailed":[101],"analysis":[102],"selection":[105,135],"pixels":[107],"land-cover":[110],"composition":[111],"indicates":[112],"error":[115,156],"fraction":[117],"estimation":[118],"partly":[120],"related":[121],"spectral":[123,146],"confusion":[124],"between":[125],"types":[128],"and":[129,150,161],"bare":[130,162],"soil,":[131],"leading":[132],"inappropriate":[137],"spite":[143],"similarity":[147],"soil":[149,163],"endmembers,":[153],"average":[154],"fractional":[155],"surfaces,":[159],"vegetation,":[160],"around":[165],"15%,":[166],"which":[167],"demonstrates":[168],"CHRIS":[172],"major":[177],"physical":[178],"components":[179],"urban/suburban":[182],"at":[184],"subpixel":[186],"scale.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}