{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066936380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","title":"Three-Dimensional Positioning of Point Scatterers Based on Radargrammetry","display_name":"Three-Dimensional Positioning of Point Scatterers Based on Radargrammetry","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066936380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","mag":"2066936380"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045499286","display_name":"Kanika Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-2589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanika Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German AeroSpace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","Remote Sensing Technol. Inst. (IMF), German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German AeroSpace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technol. Inst. (IMF), German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064077690","display_name":"Nico Adam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-0105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nico Adam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German AeroSpace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","Remote Sensing Technol. Inst. (IMF), German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German AeroSpace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technol. Inst. (IMF), German Aerosp. Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":64.6544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99603014,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"6","first_page":"2355","last_page":"2363"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7424445152282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decorrelation","display_name":"Decorrelation","score":0.688068151473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6045942902565002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-target","display_name":"Point target","score":0.4885474145412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4859517812728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.47350484132766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4718513488769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.45036646723747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.44898515939712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.442584753036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3534197211265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32141029834747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24351119995117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23577344417572021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18961971998214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11852192878723145}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7424445152282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177860922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788608","display_name":"Decorrelation","level":2,"score":0.688068151473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6045942902565002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208292","display_name":"Point target","level":3,"score":0.4885474145412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.4859517812728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.47350484132766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4718513488769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.45036646723747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.44898515939712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.442584753036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3534197211265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32141029834747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24351119995117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23577344417572021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18961971998214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11852192878723145}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2011.2171975","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:77364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://elib.dlr.de/77364/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenbeitrag"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142676191","https://openalex.org/W1616828104","https://openalex.org/W1638127209","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W1669257569","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2048289234","https://openalex.org/W2056573494","https://openalex.org/W2061577342","https://openalex.org/W2067755664","https://openalex.org/W2084198178","https://openalex.org/W2098353811","https://openalex.org/W2125077255","https://openalex.org/W2129206142","https://openalex.org/W2132233458","https://openalex.org/W2134528904","https://openalex.org/W2134815645","https://openalex.org/W2142212280","https://openalex.org/W2147219945","https://openalex.org/W2147921381","https://openalex.org/W2148715443","https://openalex.org/W2151358505","https://openalex.org/W2160281271","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2169095385","https://openalex.org/W2594639291","https://openalex.org/W2807981689","https://openalex.org/W3045170733","https://openalex.org/W6605836813","https://openalex.org/W6637279093","https://openalex.org/W6780993188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045104684","https://openalex.org/W1991497027","https://openalex.org/W2542174201","https://openalex.org/W3131672414","https://openalex.org/W2971183605","https://openalex.org/W2379194177","https://openalex.org/W2062325015","https://openalex.org/W1769202317","https://openalex.org/W2045783311","https://openalex.org/W2118191454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,130,163],"new":[4],"technique":[5],"for":[6,166],"the":[7,21,35,71,90,94,105,110,123,135,140,173],"retrieval":[8],"of":[9,23,37,42,53,78,104,156,178,182],"3-D":[10],"point":[11],"scatterer":[12,117],"(PS)":[13],"location":[14],"and":[15,39,56,102,119,149,180],"resolution":[16],"cell":[17],"configuration":[18],"exploiting":[19],"only":[20],"intensity":[22],"synthetic":[24],"aperture":[25],"radar":[26],"(SAR)":[27],"images.":[28],"The":[29,169],"implemented":[30],"method":[31,95,124],"is":[32,96,129,160],"based":[33],"on":[34],"principle":[36],"radargrammetry":[38],"makes":[40],"use":[41],"Bayesian":[43],"inference,":[44],"wherein,":[45],"directed":[46],"graphs":[47],"are":[48,60],"utilized":[49],"to":[50,67,89,98,109,134],"represent":[51],"dependencies":[52],"random":[54],"variables":[55],"probability":[57],"density":[58],"functions":[59],"modeled":[61],"by":[62,139],"particle":[63],"filter":[64],"representations.":[65],"Compared":[66],"published":[68],"radargrammetric":[69],"work,":[70],"newly":[72],"developed":[73],"algorithm":[74],"optimally":[75],"exploits":[76],"stacks":[77],"acquisitions":[79],"taken":[80],"with":[81],"at":[82],"least":[83],"three":[84],"different":[85],"incidence":[86],"angles.":[87],"Due":[88],"large":[91],"angular":[92],"diversity,":[93],"insensitive":[97],"atmospheric":[99],"propagation":[100],"effects":[101],"motion":[103],"scatterers":[106],"in":[107,188],"contrast":[108],"coherent":[111],"phase-based":[112,141],"techniques":[113],"such":[114],"as":[115,162],"persistent":[116],"interferometry":[118],"SAR":[120],"Tomography.":[121],"Additionally,":[122],"estimates":[125,137],"absolute":[126,175],"height,":[127],"which":[128,143],"big":[131],"advantage":[132],"compared":[133],"relative":[136],"provided":[138],"techniques,":[142],"moreover":[144],"encounter":[145],"phase":[146],"unwrapping":[147],"errors":[148],"temporal":[150],"decorrelation.":[151],"High-resolution":[152],"spotlight":[153],"TerraSAR-X":[154],"data":[155],"Berlin":[157],"central":[158],"station":[159],"used":[161],"processing":[164],"example":[165],"this":[167],"technique.":[168],"test":[170],"case":[171],"demonstrates":[172],"unambiguous":[174],"height":[176],"estimation":[177],"PSs":[179],"resolving":[181],"complicated":[183],"scattering":[184],"situations":[185],"(e.g.,":[186],"layover)":[187],"urban":[189],"areas.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}