{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130129806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","title":"Estimating Surface Water Speeds With a Single-Phase Center SAR Versus an Along-Track Interferometric SAR","display_name":"Estimating Surface Water Speeds With a Single-Phase Center SAR Versus an Along-Track Interferometric SAR","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130129806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","mag":"2130129806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067505626","display_name":"P.R. Kersten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul R. Kersten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058144436","display_name":"Jakov V. Toporkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0474-6470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakov V. Toporkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046824643","display_name":"Thomas L. Ainsworth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-0882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas L. Ainsworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023417518","display_name":"Mark A. Sletten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8407-2735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A. Sletten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007508937","display_name":"Robert W. Jansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-2852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert W. Jansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing. Div., Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6079,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97970459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"10","first_page":"3638","last_page":"3646"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.8280332088470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-center","display_name":"Phase center","score":0.7885317802429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6015869379043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5882249474525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.557730495929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4578359127044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.4561211168766022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4553348422050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.4220309555530548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.38944563269615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.37067800760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.35336196422576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.20228666067123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19528049230575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13973167538642883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.8280332088470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7615733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085398","display_name":"Phase center","level":3,"score":0.7885317802429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6015869379043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5882249474525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.557730495929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4578359127044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.4561211168766022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4553348422050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.4220309555530548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.38944563269615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.37067800760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.35336196422576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.20228666067123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19528049230575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13973167538642883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2048571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W210359992","https://openalex.org/W281858385","https://openalex.org/W1766888123","https://openalex.org/W1837039185","https://openalex.org/W1987200428","https://openalex.org/W1999483200","https://openalex.org/W2003161445","https://openalex.org/W2019495946","https://openalex.org/W2020244261","https://openalex.org/W2055801397","https://openalex.org/W2102007431","https://openalex.org/W2105182302","https://openalex.org/W2129206142","https://openalex.org/W2131044200","https://openalex.org/W2133751420","https://openalex.org/W2137152039","https://openalex.org/W2137424878","https://openalex.org/W2142636431","https://openalex.org/W2148505991","https://openalex.org/W2161347045","https://openalex.org/W2166426403","https://openalex.org/W2168579052","https://openalex.org/W2169757381","https://openalex.org/W2535325439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2585813813","https://openalex.org/W3110962985","https://openalex.org/W2042726296","https://openalex.org/W2081203575","https://openalex.org/W2096748030","https://openalex.org/W3016428515","https://openalex.org/W2160730947","https://openalex.org/W2747205507","https://openalex.org/W2612690400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"single-aperture":[4],"systems":[5,17,31],"are":[6,18,32,61,83,198],"designed":[7,19,34],"to":[8,20,35,63,186],"image":[9],"fixed":[10],"scenes.":[11],"Dual-antenna":[12],"along-track":[13],"interferometric":[14],"(ATI)":[15],"SAR":[16,30,110],"detect":[21],"moving":[22,37,59],"targets":[23,60],"and":[24,93,143,184,195],"estimate":[25,163,187,194],"their":[26],"motion":[27],"parameters.":[28],"Although":[29],"not":[33,131],"characterize":[36],"targets,":[38,41],"for":[39,66,150],"localized":[40],"such":[42],"as":[43,136,164,166],"vehicles":[44],"or":[45],"ships,":[46],"this":[47,78],"problem":[48],"has":[49],"been":[50],"addressed":[51],"in":[52,90],"the":[53,80,120,127,133,144,151,154,171,174,188,192],"literature":[54],"with":[55,106,119,132],"some":[56],"success.":[57],"Distributed":[58],"hard":[62],"characterize,":[64],"even":[65],"ATI":[67,138,193],"systems.":[68],"Estimating":[69],"surface":[70,103],"water":[71,81,104,128,175],"speeds":[72,105],"is":[73,99,115],"an":[74,123,137,203],"ideal":[75],"example":[76],"of":[77,122,153,170],"since":[79],"returns":[82,87],"generated":[84],"from":[85,202],"weak":[86],"randomly":[88],"distributed":[89],"both":[91],"time":[92],"space.":[94],"The":[95,112],"question":[96],"asked":[97],"here":[98],"can":[100],"one":[101],"measure":[102],"a":[107,116,167],"single-phase":[108,196],"center":[109],"system?":[111],"answer":[113],"presented":[114],"qualified":[117],"yes,":[118],"aid":[121],"upper":[124,141],"bound":[125,142],"on":[126],"speed,":[129],"but":[130],"same":[134],"accuracy":[135],"system.":[139,206],"This":[140],"collection":[145],"geometry":[146],"provide":[147,160],"design":[148],"criteria":[149],"filtering":[152],"phase":[155],"information.":[156],"Time-frequency":[157],"(TF)":[158],"methods":[159],"another":[161],"speed":[162,172],"well":[165],"rough":[168],"profile":[169],"across":[173],"channel.":[176],"A":[177],"robust":[178],"nonparametric":[179],"TF":[180],"method":[181],"was":[182],"developed":[183],"applied":[185],"speed.":[189],"Comparisons":[190],"between":[191],"estimates":[197],"made":[199],"using":[200],"data":[201],"X-band":[204],"ATI-SAR":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}