{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117048348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","title":"Measurement of Ionospheric TEC in Spaceborne SAR Data","display_name":"Measurement of Ionospheric TEC in Spaceborne SAR Data","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117048348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","mag":"2117048348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-40055","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016682526","display_name":"Michael Jehle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Jehle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062774484","display_name":"Othmar Frey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1795-6087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Othmar Frey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046480497","display_name":"David Small","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-364X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Small","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110150161","display_name":"Erich Meier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erich Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, the Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Zurich, Zu\u0308rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":34.4303,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99215971,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"6","first_page":"2460","last_page":"2468"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6982091069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tec","display_name":"TEC","score":0.6319049000740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.6082393527030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/faraday-effect","display_name":"Faraday effect","score":0.519624650478363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4897787570953369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-electron-content","display_name":"Total electron content","score":0.4863489270210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.48124194145202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4748570919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.4125713109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.4123963415622711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3508450388908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.33340317010879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.30171817541122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.24237984418869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17104941606521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15450850129127502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.1545017957687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12714192271232605}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6982091069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.6319049000740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.6082393527030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207230154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848501","display_name":"Faraday effect","level":3,"score":0.519624650478363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4897787570953369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165391973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844304","display_name":"Total electron content","level":4,"score":0.4863489270210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.48124194145202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4748570919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.4125713109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.4123963415622711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3508450388908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.33340317010879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.30171817541122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.24237984418869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17104941606521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15450850129127502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.1545017957687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12714192271232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2010.2040621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.5167/uzh-40055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-40055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-40055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051291","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich, ZORA","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-40055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-40055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051291","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich, ZORA","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321602","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323874","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W357677209","https://openalex.org/W1523290102","https://openalex.org/W1589416435","https://openalex.org/W1968695384","https://openalex.org/W1976051475","https://openalex.org/W2012358322","https://openalex.org/W2060565990","https://openalex.org/W2076753192","https://openalex.org/W2100137935","https://openalex.org/W2102320116","https://openalex.org/W2110009989","https://openalex.org/W2113715579","https://openalex.org/W2115208023","https://openalex.org/W2115227911","https://openalex.org/W2124274742","https://openalex.org/W2128550824","https://openalex.org/W2135711053","https://openalex.org/W2141095981","https://openalex.org/W2141176523","https://openalex.org/W2143641711","https://openalex.org/W2143685339","https://openalex.org/W2145715241","https://openalex.org/W2162853698","https://openalex.org/W2168990628","https://openalex.org/W2170072516","https://openalex.org/W2990229927","https://openalex.org/W2997566665","https://openalex.org/W3158473974","https://openalex.org/W4249744610","https://openalex.org/W6684148807"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3012062545","https://openalex.org/W2280162962","https://openalex.org/W4285619956","https://openalex.org/W2281447254","https://openalex.org/W3113677547","https://openalex.org/W2126967363","https://openalex.org/W2070556664","https://openalex.org/W2050546935","https://openalex.org/W165926117","https://openalex.org/W2033433251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,106,125],"propagation":[1],"of":[2,22,78,117,133],"spaceborne":[3,72,103],"radar":[4,33],"signals":[5],"operating":[6],"at":[7,47,60],"L-band":[8,69],"frequency":[9],"or":[10,70,83],"below":[11],"can":[12,55],"be":[13],"seriously":[14,57],"affected":[15],"by":[16],"the":[17,51,76,79,85,95,118,123,130,134,138,160],"ionosphere.":[18],"At":[19],"high":[20],"states":[21],"solar":[23],"activity,":[24],"Faraday":[25],"rotation":[26],"(FR)":[27],"and":[28,35,40,50,65,145,153],"signal":[29],"path":[30,53,120],"delays":[31,54],"disturb":[32],"polarimetry":[34],"reduce":[36],"resolution":[37],"in":[38,159],"range":[39],"azimuth.":[41],"While":[42],"these":[43],"effects":[44],"are":[45,109,156,168],"negligible":[46],"X-band,":[48],"FR":[49],"frequency-dependent":[52,119],"become":[56],"problematic":[58],"starting":[59],"L-band.":[61],"For":[62],"quality":[63],"assurance":[64],"calibration":[66],"purposes,":[67],"existing":[68],"potential":[71],"P-band":[73],"missions":[74],"require":[75],"estimation":[77],"ionospheric":[80,96],"state":[81],"before":[82],"during":[84],"data":[86],"take.":[87],"This":[88],"paper":[89],"introduces":[90],"two":[91,107],"approaches":[92],"for":[93,164],"measuring":[94],"total":[97],"electron":[98],"content":[99],"(TEC)":[100],"from":[101,129],"single-polarized":[102],"SAR":[104],"data.":[105],"methods":[108,114],"demonstrated":[110],"using":[111],"simulations.":[112,161],"Both":[113],"leverage":[115],"knowledge":[116],"delay":[121],"through":[122],"ionosphere:":[124],"first":[126],"estimates":[127],"TEC":[128],"phase":[131],"error":[132],"filter":[135],"mismatch,":[136],"while":[137],"second":[139],"gauges":[140],"path-delay":[141],"differences":[142],"between":[143],"up":[144],"down":[146],"chirps.":[147],"FR,":[148],"mean":[149],"(direct":[150],"current)":[151],"offsets,":[152],"noise":[154],"contributions":[155],"also":[157],"considered":[158],"Finally,":[162],"possibilities":[163],"further":[165],"methodological":[166],"improvements":[167],"discussed.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}