{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127473125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","title":"Polarimetric SAR Internal Calibration Scheme Based on T/R Module Orthogonal Phase Coding","display_name":"Polarimetric SAR Internal Calibration Scheme Based on T/R Module Orthogonal Phase Coding","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127473125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","mag":"2127473125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400186","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-6428"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","Chinese Acad. of Sci., Grad. Univ., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Acad. of Sci., Grad. Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035759191","display_name":"Haiming Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-1125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiming Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","Dept. of Space Microwave Remote Sensing Syst., Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Space Microwave Remote Sensing Syst., Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041569726","display_name":"Weidong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-6084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","Dept. of Space Microwave Remote Sensing Syst., Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy and Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Space Microwave Remote Sensing Syst., Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.3953,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99059283,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"12","first_page":"3969","last_page":"3980"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6125783324241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5350502729415894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4761274456977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.4641363024711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-module","display_name":"Phase shift module","score":0.43407073616981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.40747615694999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3468724489212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2426554262638092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.218411386013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17695879936218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1664724349975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09326839447021484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6125783324241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5350502729415894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4761274456977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.4641363024711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.43407073616981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40747615694999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3468724489212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2426554262638092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.218411386013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17695879936218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1664724349975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09326839447021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2009.2018629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23345190","https://openalex.org/W121077024","https://openalex.org/W1701390101","https://openalex.org/W1870952253","https://openalex.org/W1977915006","https://openalex.org/W2065819772","https://openalex.org/W2095646744","https://openalex.org/W2096443401","https://openalex.org/W2118888087","https://openalex.org/W2128243353","https://openalex.org/W2142270012","https://openalex.org/W2148043654","https://openalex.org/W2153751793","https://openalex.org/W2157072825","https://openalex.org/W2159998079","https://openalex.org/W2165571665","https://openalex.org/W2166704628","https://openalex.org/W2265430744","https://openalex.org/W2298789485","https://openalex.org/W2991875935","https://openalex.org/W3009631418","https://openalex.org/W6600934479","https://openalex.org/W6604868745","https://openalex.org/W6639383486","https://openalex.org/W6770856196","https://openalex.org/W6775179582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368851831","https://openalex.org/W2978186478","https://openalex.org/W4232953560","https://openalex.org/W2361450273","https://openalex.org/W2100867535","https://openalex.org/W1842853702","https://openalex.org/W2388092979","https://openalex.org/W2120290218","https://openalex.org/W2377414747","https://openalex.org/W2020407408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"important":[1],"aspects":[2],"of":[3,6,36,54,64,79,93,109,122,135,143,175,244,248],"internal":[4,166],"calibration":[5,19,43,73,120,167,231],"polarimetric":[7],"synthetic":[8],"aperture":[9],"radar":[10],"(SAR)":[11],"are":[12,100],"discussed,":[13],"i.e.,":[14],"individual":[15,56],"transmit/receive":[16],"module":[17],"(TRM)":[18],"and":[20,41,104,146,180,190,207,222],"system":[21,25,158],"gain":[22,40,160,179],"calibration.":[23],"The":[24,52,169,198,211,233],"has":[26,172],"a":[27,31,62,80,147,249],"general":[28],"structure":[29],"utilizing":[30,164],"phased":[32,250],"array":[33,251],"antenna":[34],"composed":[35],"dual-channel":[37],"TRMs.":[38],"TRM":[39,57,110,216],"phase":[42,49],"is":[44,58,96,116,129,153,162,204,218,224,237],"carried":[45],"out":[46],"using":[47],"orthogonal":[48,65],"coding":[50],"(OPC).":[51],"signal":[53],"the":[55,71,86,94,123,133,139,165,194],"phase-encoded":[59],"according":[60],"to":[61,67,118,131,149,201,214,239],"set":[63],"codes":[66],"be":[68,209,240],"separated":[69],"from":[70],"composite":[72],"signal.":[74],"OPC":[75,170,235],"uses":[76],"1":[77],"bit":[78],"digital":[81],"phase-shifter":[82,113],"for":[83,88,178,184],"encoding,":[84],"without":[85],"need":[87],"additional":[89],"encoding":[90],"hardware.":[91],"Performance":[92],"method":[95,171,236],"examined.":[97],"Calibration":[98],"results":[99],"developed":[101],"both":[102],"theoretically":[103],"through":[105,220],"simulation":[106],"in":[107,226],"case":[108],"amplifier":[111],"or":[112],"failure.":[114],"Zero-padding":[115],"used":[117],"eliminate":[119],"error":[121,152,199],"first":[124],"TRM.":[125],"A":[126],"crosstalk":[127],"model":[128],"proposed":[130,234],"investigate":[132],"effect":[134],"imperfect":[136,202],"isolation":[137,192,203],"between":[138,193],"two":[140,195],"polarization":[141,196],"channels":[142],"each":[144],"TRM,":[145],"way":[148,213,243],"reduce":[150],"this":[151],"also":[154,225],"given.":[155],"At":[156],"last,":[157],"path":[159],"variation":[161],"measured":[163],"loop.":[168],"an":[173,241],"accuracy":[174],"0.2":[176],"dB":[177],"better":[181],"than":[182],"2deg":[183],"phase,":[185],"with":[186,228],"10-dB":[187],"signal-to-noise":[188],"ratio":[189],"perfect":[191],"channels.":[197],"due":[200],"usually":[205],"small":[206],"can":[208],"ignored.":[210],"simple":[212],"detect":[215],"malfunction":[217],"verified":[219],"simulation,":[221],"it":[223],"accordance":[227],"TerraSAR-X":[229],"in-orbit":[230],"outcomes.":[232],"shown":[238],"effective":[242],"internally":[245],"calibrating":[246],"TRMs":[247],"antenna.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}