{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2100465002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","title":"C-Band Scatterometer Measurements of Multiyear Sea Ice Before Fall Freeze-Up in the Canadian Arctic","display_name":"C-Band Scatterometer Measurements of Multiyear Sea Ice Before Fall Freeze-Up in the Canadian Arctic","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2100465002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","mag":"2100465002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030268807","display_name":"Dustin Isleifson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9349-8076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Isleifson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004190775","display_name":"Alexandre Langlois","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-3589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Langlois","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre d'Applications et Recherches en T\u00e8l\u00e8dection, D\u00e8partement G\u00e8omatique Appliqu\u00e8e, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada","Dept. de Geomatique Appl., Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre d'Applications et Recherches en T\u00e8l\u00e8dection, D\u00e8partement G\u00e8omatique Appliqu\u00e8e, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. de Geomatique Appl., Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082601680","display_name":"David G. Barber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-3291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.G. Barber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Earth Observation Science and the Faculty of Environment, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Centre for Earth Obs. Sci., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Earth Observation Science and the Faculty of Environment, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Earth Obs. Sci., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032998230","display_name":"L. Shafai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4250-9457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Shafai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77586334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"6","first_page":"1651","last_page":"1661"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scatterometer","display_name":"Scatterometer","score":0.6864726543426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.6269781589508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic","display_name":"Arctic","score":0.597573459148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.5418489575386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.5401216745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.48615166544914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.3798242211341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3608679473400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.33930256962776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.32912445068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.24312558770179749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16624340415000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.11031597852706909}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905295","display_name":"Scatterometer","level":3,"score":0.6864726543426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.6269781589508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518008717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322","display_name":"Arctic","level":2,"score":0.597573459148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.5418489575386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.5401216745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.48615166544914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.3798242211341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3608679473400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.33930256962776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.32912445068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.24312558770179749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16624340415000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.11031597852706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2008.2006566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311952","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320994","display_name":"Canada Research Chairs","ror":"https://ror.org/0517h6h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338275","display_name":"Division of Arctic Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02trddg58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172981488","https://openalex.org/W581445128","https://openalex.org/W1482393903","https://openalex.org/W1500697756","https://openalex.org/W1532691246","https://openalex.org/W1534053224","https://openalex.org/W1573314160","https://openalex.org/W1589303863","https://openalex.org/W1608677044","https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1661217331","https://openalex.org/W1662762169","https://openalex.org/W1966866972","https://openalex.org/W1969797567","https://openalex.org/W2012756189","https://openalex.org/W2013641102","https://openalex.org/W2026482736","https://openalex.org/W2038821639","https://openalex.org/W2041000317","https://openalex.org/W2045978672","https://openalex.org/W2059894528","https://openalex.org/W2098851308","https://openalex.org/W2102358137","https://openalex.org/W2106331855","https://openalex.org/W2106901539","https://openalex.org/W2111019462","https://openalex.org/W2116918466","https://openalex.org/W2117393582","https://openalex.org/W2124078471","https://openalex.org/W2134198433","https://openalex.org/W2136424985","https://openalex.org/W2150178171","https://openalex.org/W2152912520","https://openalex.org/W2161631312","https://openalex.org/W2186093391","https://openalex.org/W2478698305","https://openalex.org/W2498862016","https://openalex.org/W4211229556","https://openalex.org/W4214733473","https://openalex.org/W6635242943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589762804","https://openalex.org/W2070850297","https://openalex.org/W2146056128","https://openalex.org/W2113437624","https://openalex.org/W3130749594","https://openalex.org/W3206881126","https://openalex.org/W2566865967","https://openalex.org/W790100635","https://openalex.org/W2031457372","https://openalex.org/W2054436446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Backscatter":[0],"signatures":[1],"of":[2,31,50],"multiyear":[3],"sea":[4],"ice":[5],"(MYI)":[6],"during":[7],"the":[8,16,20,29,61,65,97,119],"late":[9],"summer":[10],"and":[11,41,64,69,94,104],"early":[12],"fall":[13,17],"season":[14],"before":[15],"freeze-up":[18],"in":[19,39,45,60,78,110],"Canadian":[21],"Arctic":[22,63,67],"archipelago":[23],"(CAA)":[24],"have":[25],"been":[26],"obtained":[27],"through":[28],"use":[30],"a":[32],"ship-based":[33],"polarimetric":[34],"scatterometer.":[35],"The":[36,84],"device":[37],"operates":[38],"C-band,":[40],"measurements":[42,99],"were":[43,58,73,87,106],"conducted":[44],"swaths":[46],"from":[47],"incidence":[48],"angles":[49],"20deg-60deg.":[51],"Three":[52],"characteristic":[53],"sites":[54],"on":[55],"MYI":[56],"floes":[57],"investigated":[59],"high":[62],"central":[66],"regions.Insitusnow":[68],"sea-ice":[70],"thermophysical":[71,85],"data":[72,86],"collected":[74],"at":[75],"each":[76],"site":[77],"conjunction":[79],"with":[80,96,112,115],"local":[81],"scatterometer":[82],"measurements.":[83],"subsequently":[88],"analyzed":[89],"using":[90],"dielectric":[91],"modeling":[92],"techniques":[93],"coupled":[95],"backscattering":[98],"(sigmadeg).":[100],"Observed":[101],"backscatter":[102],"values":[103],"ratios":[105],"found":[107],"to":[108],"be":[109],"agreement":[111],"literature":[113],"data,":[114],"volumetric":[116],"scattering":[117,121],"as":[118],"dominant":[120],"mechanism.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}