{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107203622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","title":"Inference of ice cloud properties from high spectral resolution infrared observations","display_name":"Inference of ice cloud properties from high spectral resolution infrared observations","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107203622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","mag":"2107203622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110376962","display_name":"Hung\u2010Lung Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung-Lung Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039935543","display_name":"Ping Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-9903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108649476","display_name":"Heli Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1209-2769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heli Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083150925","display_name":"Bryan A. Baum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7193-2767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.A. Baum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","NASA-Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA-Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075199648","display_name":"Yongxiang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-108X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongxiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA-Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA-Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111961885","display_name":"Paolo Antonelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Antonelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018502490","display_name":"Steven A. Ackerman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-0269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.A. Ackerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96606452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"4","first_page":"842","last_page":"853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.6797380447387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.5886431932449341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"Brightness temperature","score":0.5883131623268127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.5635280609130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.5405387878417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.5142202377319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-crystals","display_name":"Ice crystals","score":0.500108003616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-cloud","display_name":"Ice cloud","score":0.48266318440437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4724338948726654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size","display_name":"Particle size","score":0.46167728304862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","score":0.4520573019981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.401180237531662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.38760998845100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.12045031785964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0914984941482544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.6797380447387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.5886431932449341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53802167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4538627","display_name":"Brightness temperature","level":3,"score":0.5883131623268127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5635280609130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.5405387878417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.5142202377319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125388846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1325808","display_name":"Ice crystals","level":2,"score":0.500108003616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776120014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12119193","display_name":"Ice cloud","level":3,"score":0.48266318440437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4724338948726654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.46167728304862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4520573019981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.401180237531662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38760998845100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12045031785964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0914984941482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.822752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:20050156914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20050156914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196257","display_name":"NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485113833","https://openalex.org/W1964614150","https://openalex.org/W1968635714","https://openalex.org/W1970754130","https://openalex.org/W1979214148","https://openalex.org/W1983892467","https://openalex.org/W1986446927","https://openalex.org/W1988656709","https://openalex.org/W1994346830","https://openalex.org/W1999464257","https://openalex.org/W2008594745","https://openalex.org/W2010043686","https://openalex.org/W2012532291","https://openalex.org/W2013472772","https://openalex.org/W2018809785","https://openalex.org/W2020670294","https://openalex.org/W2020718223","https://openalex.org/W2021788237","https://openalex.org/W2037631868","https://openalex.org/W2042112467","https://openalex.org/W2044873089","https://openalex.org/W2045046598","https://openalex.org/W2048802818","https://openalex.org/W2060859281","https://openalex.org/W2062764482","https://openalex.org/W2063906158","https://openalex.org/W2068531643","https://openalex.org/W2069285403","https://openalex.org/W2070259289","https://openalex.org/W2071554750","https://openalex.org/W2076964321","https://openalex.org/W2084309056","https://openalex.org/W2093019113","https://openalex.org/W2093934432","https://openalex.org/W2094834722","https://openalex.org/W2096798869","https://openalex.org/W2106748171","https://openalex.org/W2109633527","https://openalex.org/W2111822692","https://openalex.org/W2115117471","https://openalex.org/W2135985073","https://openalex.org/W2137567951","https://openalex.org/W2141526687","https://openalex.org/W2143704430","https://openalex.org/W2146920208","https://openalex.org/W2148014846","https://openalex.org/W2148138093","https://openalex.org/W2148160712","https://openalex.org/W2159443068","https://openalex.org/W2172969290","https://openalex.org/W2172972742","https://openalex.org/W4241325708","https://openalex.org/W4242591151","https://openalex.org/W4246648386"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041553156","https://openalex.org/W4213403209","https://openalex.org/W1983414154","https://openalex.org/W2031647027","https://openalex.org/W2540909290","https://openalex.org/W2111586823","https://openalex.org/W2042943922","https://openalex.org/W2390005173","https://openalex.org/W2186218746","https://openalex.org/W1966825908"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,65,132,232,261,283],"theoretical":[1],"basis":[2],"is":[3,70,129,152,172,186,257,290],"explored":[4],"for":[5,50,58,108,188,207,234],"inferring":[6],"the":[7,78,82,86,90,93,120,123,140,143,155,164,175,189,193,215,218,265,277,286],"microphysical":[8],"properties":[9,33],"of":[10,34,67,92,105,122,142,163,192,217,230,243,254,267,279,285],"ice":[11,36,68,127,208],"clouds":[12],"from":[13,40,201],"high":[14,202],"spectral":[15,182,203],"resolution":[16,204],"infrared":[17],"(IR)":[18],"observations.":[19],"Extensive":[20],"radiative":[21,79],"transfer":[22],"simulations":[23,133],"are":[24,38,47,270],"carried":[25],"out":[26],"to":[27,72,154,168,273],"address":[28],"relevant":[29],"issues.":[30],"single-scattering":[32],"individual":[35],"crystals":[37,69,128],"computed":[39],"state-of-the-art":[41],"light":[42],"scattering":[43,121],"computational":[44],"methods":[45],"and":[46,57,197,222],"subsequently":[48],"averaged":[49],"30":[51],"in":[52,81,103,135,238,246,264],"situ":[53],"particle":[54,110,157,199,224,236],"size":[55,63,200,225,237],"distributions":[56],"four":[59],"additional":[60],"analytical":[61],"Gamma":[62],"distributions.":[64],"nonsphericity":[66],"shown":[71],"have":[73,226],"a":[74,160,184,227,250],"significant":[75],"impact":[76],"on":[77,180,276],"signatures":[80],"IR":[83,124,144,165,205,295],"spectrum.":[84],"Furthermore,":[85,159],"errors":[87,263],"associated":[88],"with":[89,240],"use":[91],"Henyey-Greenstein":[94],"phase":[95],"function":[96],"can":[97],"be":[98],"larger":[99],"than":[100,259],"1":[101],"K":[102,245],"terms":[104],"brightness":[106,145,166],"temperature":[107,146,167,252],"large":[109],"effective":[111,156,198,223],"sizes":[112],"(/spl":[113],"sim/80":[114],"/spl":[115],"mu/m)":[116],"at":[117],"wavenumbers":[118],"where":[119],"radiation":[125],"by":[126],"not":[130],"negligible.":[131],"undertaken":[134],"this":[136],"paper":[137],"show":[138],"that":[139,214],"slope":[141],"spectrum":[147],"between":[148],"790-960":[149],"cm/sup":[150],"-1/":[151,177],"sensitive":[153],"size.":[158],"strong":[161],"sensitivity":[162],"cloud":[169,247,280],"optical":[170,195,220,268,281],"thickness":[171,196,221,269],"noted":[173],"within":[174,271],"1050-1250-cm/sup":[176],"region.":[178],"Based":[179],"these":[181],"features,":[183],"technique":[185,289],"presented":[187],"simultaneous":[190],"retrieval":[191,288],"visible":[194],"data":[206],"clouds.":[209],"An":[210],"error":[211,233],"analysis":[212],"shows":[213],"uncertainties":[216],"retrieved":[219],"small":[228],"range":[229],"variation.":[231],"retrieving":[235],"conjunction":[239],"an":[241],"uncertainty":[242,253,266],"5":[244],"temperature,":[248],"or":[249],"surface":[251],"2.5":[255],"K,":[256],"less":[258],"15%.":[260],"corresponding":[262],"5%":[272],"20%,":[274],"depending":[275],"value":[278],"thickness.":[282],"applicability":[284],"present":[287],"demonstrated":[291],"using":[292],"airborne":[293],"high-resolution":[294],"measurements":[296],"obtained":[297],"during":[298],"two":[299],"field":[300],"campaigns.":[301]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}