{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7092208060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318","title":"Analysis of Uplink Transmission Scheduling Strategies for LoRa-Based Direct-to-Satellite IoT Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Analysis of Uplink Transmission Scheduling Strategies for LoRa-Based Direct-to-Satellite IoT Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7092208060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-1716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8568-6722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chenxin Xing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxin Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hongming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-8608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31847773","display_name":"Zhejiang Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/03mys6533","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31847773"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31847773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiaxiang Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxiang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49831996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"1279","last_page":"1292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.018400000408291817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.805400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7290999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.67330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6039000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5842000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-scheduler","display_name":"Network scheduler","score":0.38580000400543213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.805400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7580999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7290999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.67330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6201000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6039000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5842000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5001000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163099246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1978975","display_name":"Network scheduler","level":5,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188116033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2664563","display_name":"Q-learning","level":3,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3622318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4976935993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21069000222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7463095302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2248880694","https://openalex.org/W2596324967","https://openalex.org/W2766513146","https://openalex.org/W2903076712","https://openalex.org/W2903314241","https://openalex.org/W2975742090","https://openalex.org/W2999081124","https://openalex.org/W3002973041","https://openalex.org/W3011665186","https://openalex.org/W3039124110","https://openalex.org/W3043328207","https://openalex.org/W3131309288","https://openalex.org/W3137541958","https://openalex.org/W3146366485","https://openalex.org/W3155413563","https://openalex.org/W3158471133","https://openalex.org/W3169385106","https://openalex.org/W3172786397","https://openalex.org/W3175951800","https://openalex.org/W3200448595","https://openalex.org/W3206188474","https://openalex.org/W4205100419","https://openalex.org/W4210683487","https://openalex.org/W4223505090","https://openalex.org/W4226092483","https://openalex.org/W4290960090","https://openalex.org/W4293812151","https://openalex.org/W4297094914","https://openalex.org/W4297964528","https://openalex.org/W4312444349","https://openalex.org/W4312524677","https://openalex.org/W4316876954","https://openalex.org/W4320015870","https://openalex.org/W4378549062","https://openalex.org/W4378804815","https://openalex.org/W4386363009","https://openalex.org/W4386620150","https://openalex.org/W4388207216","https://openalex.org/W4388519976","https://openalex.org/W4388755980","https://openalex.org/W4391935952","https://openalex.org/W4399039119","https://openalex.org/W4400089081","https://openalex.org/W4400679711","https://openalex.org/W4401567512","https://openalex.org/W4401568231","https://openalex.org/W4402509344","https://openalex.org/W4405804633","https://openalex.org/W4405975054","https://openalex.org/W4410491925","https://openalex.org/W4413876816","https://openalex.org/W7084066603"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"the":[1,14,33,54,61,93,111,118,128],"LoRa-based":[2,55],"direct-to-satellite":[3,56],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,38],"Things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"network":[8,17],"has":[9],"attracted":[10],"more":[11],"attention":[12],"than":[13],"terrestrial":[15],"IoT":[16,57],"with":[18,108],"limited":[19],"coverage":[20,25],"due":[21],"to":[22,29,47,72,101],"its":[23,42],"global":[24],"and":[26,105,126],"low-power":[27],"access":[28,97],"massive":[30,39],"devices.":[31],"However,":[32],"uplink":[34,49,119],"packet":[35,103],"collision":[36,104],"problem":[37],"devices":[40],"constrains":[41],"transmission":[43,120],"efficiency,":[44,121],"so":[45],"how":[46],"design":[48],"scheduling":[50,62],"is":[51,89,99],"crucial":[52],"for":[53],"network.":[58],"Considering":[59],"that":[60],"strategy":[63],"based":[64,82],"on":[65,83],"deep":[66],"reinforcement":[67],"learning":[68],"can":[69,115],"quickly":[70],"respond":[71],"dynamic":[73],"events":[74],"through":[75],"learning,":[76],"a":[77,84],"proximal":[78],"policy":[79],"optimization":[80],"algorithm":[81,114],"self-attention":[85],"mechanism,":[86],"namely":[87],"SAPPO,":[88],"proposed,":[90],"in":[91],"which":[92],"time":[94],"division":[95],"multiple":[96],"mechanism":[98],"used":[100],"avoid":[102],"loss.":[106],"Compared":[107],"existing":[109],"methods,":[110],"proposed":[112],"SAPPO":[113],"effectively":[116],"improve":[117,127],"promote":[122],"fairness":[123],"among":[124],"devices,":[125],"priority":[129],"processing":[130],"capability.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-17T00:00:00"}
