{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408709277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543","title":"Covert Communication in Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks With Energy Harvesting","display_name":"Covert Communication in Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks With Energy Harvesting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408709277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087259425","display_name":"Hongbin Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7161-8778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbin Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7161-8778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034493481","display_name":"Weiwei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-4088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-4088","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053119799","display_name":"Gaofeng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-5717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-5717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101771181","display_name":"Hui Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-5134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112317429","display_name":"Chuanzhen Rong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8941-1145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanzhen Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1408,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86748179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"1894","last_page":"1909"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.7252357006072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.7056408524513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underlay","display_name":"Underlay","score":0.6207486987113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46845579147338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.46340063214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39444786310195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3627943694591522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1149357259273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07722318172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.06733846664428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.052099376916885376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.7252357006072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.7056408524513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777679929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7883709","display_name":"Underlay","level":3,"score":0.6207486987113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46845579147338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.46340063214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39444786310195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3627943694591522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1149357259273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07722318172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06733846664428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.052099376916885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2025.3553543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2002348536","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301594","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5178088988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KX202048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336367","funder_display_name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software, Guilin University of Electronic Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6131353199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8035829036","display_name":"\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u9690\u853d\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336367","display_name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software, Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094567531","https://openalex.org/W2602055236","https://openalex.org/W2734657651","https://openalex.org/W2903642596","https://openalex.org/W2923881626","https://openalex.org/W2929791200","https://openalex.org/W3000032937","https://openalex.org/W3019450228","https://openalex.org/W3086953997","https://openalex.org/W3114108135","https://openalex.org/W3117613361","https://openalex.org/W3134393251","https://openalex.org/W3167837530","https://openalex.org/W3201324902","https://openalex.org/W3212250153","https://openalex.org/W4200367053","https://openalex.org/W4205796536","https://openalex.org/W4206479288","https://openalex.org/W4225755506","https://openalex.org/W4226343590","https://openalex.org/W4281779754","https://openalex.org/W4285128105","https://openalex.org/W4292262948","https://openalex.org/W4294310832","https://openalex.org/W4295855186","https://openalex.org/W4317553573","https://openalex.org/W4319865708","https://openalex.org/W4319999960","https://openalex.org/W4384788007","https://openalex.org/W4385288078","https://openalex.org/W4387870183","https://openalex.org/W4395027750","https://openalex.org/W4396982435","https://openalex.org/W4400032886","https://openalex.org/W4400276318","https://openalex.org/W4401073096","https://openalex.org/W4401990343","https://openalex.org/W4402978946","https://openalex.org/W4403182149","https://openalex.org/W4403210879","https://openalex.org/W4403918831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255303560","https://openalex.org/W1975029702","https://openalex.org/W2769590643","https://openalex.org/W2169642774","https://openalex.org/W2532161418","https://openalex.org/W2556201531","https://openalex.org/W2362421235","https://openalex.org/W3082860291","https://openalex.org/W2773352753","https://openalex.org/W2125689931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"covert":[3,74,86,132,146],"communication":[4],"in":[5,15,119,134,148],"underlay":[6],"cognitive":[7],"radio":[8],"networks":[9],"(CRNs)":[10],"with":[11,21,43,121],"energy":[12,110],"harvesting":[13],"(EH),":[14],"which":[16],"considers":[17],"two":[18],"scenarios:":[19],"1)":[20],"perfect":[22,160],"channel":[23],"state":[24],"information":[25],"(CSI)":[26],"of":[27,46,96,109,117,126,162,177],"the":[28,31,36,47,60,66,71,92,97,106,122,135,143,149,159,163,174,178],"link":[29,49,165],"from":[30],"secondary":[32,136,150],"source":[33],"(SS)":[34],"to":[35,158,173],"primary":[37,98],"receiver":[38],"(PR)":[39],"at":[40,50],"Willie,":[41],"2)":[42],"statistical":[44,175],"CSI":[45,161,176],"SS-PR":[48,164,179],"Willie.":[51],"The":[52,83,101],"closed-form":[53],"expressions":[54],"for":[55],"Willie\u2019s":[56],"detection":[57,63],"error":[58,64],"probability,":[59,65,69],"average":[61],"minimum":[62],"transmission":[67],"outage":[68],"and":[70,81,113],"maximum":[72,84,93,123,144],"effective":[73,85,131,145],"rate":[75,87,133,147],"under":[76],"both":[77],"cases":[78],"are":[79],"derived":[80],"analyzed.":[82],"is":[88,140,152],"obtained":[89],"by":[90],"optimizing":[91],"jamming":[94,124],"power":[95,125],"transmitter":[99],"(PT).":[100],"numerical":[102],"results":[103],"demonstrate":[104],"that":[105,142,167],"combined":[107],"effect":[108],"conversion":[111],"efficiency":[112],"time":[114],"allocation":[115],"ratio":[116],"EH,":[118],"conjunction":[120],"PT,":[127],"provides":[128],"a":[129],"positive":[130],"network.":[137],"Furthermore,":[138],"it":[139],"evident":[141],"network":[151],"greater":[153],"when":[154,168],"Willie":[155,169],"has":[156,171],"access":[157,172],"than":[166],"only":[170],"link.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
