{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391305788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208","title":"Sub-6G Aided Millimeter Wave Hybrid Beamforming: A Two-Stage Deep Learning Framework With Statistical Channel Information","display_name":"Sub-6G Aided Millimeter Wave Hybrid Beamforming: A Two-Stage Deep Learning Framework With Statistical Channel Information","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391305788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002357410","display_name":"Siting Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siting Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338527","display_name":"Xiaohui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0589-3712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058600842","display_name":"Jiawen Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074065025","display_name":"Mingli Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-7467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingli Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002357410"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8351,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70646255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"1245","last_page":"1258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6915254592895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5902379751205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.5779743790626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5270609855651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4690228998661041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36492079496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3466324806213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26038652658462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19482550024986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.15601846575737}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6915254592895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5902379751205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5779743790626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5270609855651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4690228998661041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36492079496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3466324806213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26038652658462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19482550024986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15601846575737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2024.3359208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1595715893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B08038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483249443","https://openalex.org/W1504983838","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2004294022","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2085098436","https://openalex.org/W2120549790","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2168744525","https://openalex.org/W2189661557","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2270735382","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2520945906","https://openalex.org/W2530093495","https://openalex.org/W2559695533","https://openalex.org/W2592085864","https://openalex.org/W2598074348","https://openalex.org/W2707890836","https://openalex.org/W2799083955","https://openalex.org/W2805657678","https://openalex.org/W2886124254","https://openalex.org/W2909191390","https://openalex.org/W2909794597","https://openalex.org/W2916906538","https://openalex.org/W2946071064","https://openalex.org/W2962785465","https://openalex.org/W2962944637","https://openalex.org/W2963290405","https://openalex.org/W2963408914","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2964121960","https://openalex.org/W2968634732","https://openalex.org/W2970362404","https://openalex.org/W2973818893","https://openalex.org/W2975471211","https://openalex.org/W2981598692","https://openalex.org/W2981871664","https://openalex.org/W3010799391","https://openalex.org/W3036876996","https://openalex.org/W3040368914","https://openalex.org/W3044530764","https://openalex.org/W3047458598","https://openalex.org/W3088572907","https://openalex.org/W3102971715","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6739917289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W4311414679","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W2567141277","https://openalex.org/W3124036039","https://openalex.org/W2130785056","https://openalex.org/W2132841313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,155],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,126],"a":[4,65,93],"deep":[5],"learning":[6],"(DL)":[7],"framework":[8,27,101],"for":[9,37,51],"the":[10,20,79,100,104,119,147],"Sub-6G":[11,82,107,127],"aided":[12],"millimeter-wave":[13],"(mmWave)":[14],"communication":[15,133],"system,":[16],"aiming":[17],"to":[18,102,130,160],"reduce":[19],"overhead":[21],"of":[22,29,49,68,81,90,106,112,121],"mmWave":[23,38,132],"systems.":[24],"The":[25,47,114],"proposed":[26,152],"consists":[28],"two-stage":[30,148],"cascaded":[31,149],"networks,":[32],"named":[33],"HestNet":[34],"and":[35,41,136,143],"HBFNet,":[36],"channel":[39,52,58,83,108,123,128,161],"estimation":[40,53,62,141,162],"hybrid":[42],"beamforming":[43],"(HBF)":[44],"design,":[45],"respectively.":[46],"number":[48],"parameters":[50],"is":[54,85,97,134,156],"reduced":[55],"by":[56],"using":[57],"covariance":[59],"matrix":[60],"(CCM)":[61],"instead.":[63],"However,":[64],"new":[66],"challenge":[67],"estimating":[69],"high-dimensional":[70],"data":[71,74,84,94,109],"from":[72],"low-dimensional":[73],"should":[75],"be":[76],"considered":[77],"since":[78],"dimension":[80],"much":[86],"smaller":[87],"than":[88],"that":[89,111,118],"mmWave.":[91,113],"Subsequently,":[92],"deformation":[95],"approach":[96],"introduced":[98],"into":[99],"match":[103],"size":[105],"with":[110],"simulation":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"application":[120],"statistical":[122],"information":[124,129],"based":[125],"aid":[131],"reasonable":[135],"effective,":[137],"it":[138],"achieves":[139],"good":[140],"performance":[142],"spectral":[144],"efficiency.":[145],"Moreover,":[146],"network":[150],"architecture":[151],"in":[153],"this":[154],"also":[157],"more":[158],"robust":[159],"errors.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}