{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290716241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479","title":"Blockchain-Empowered Security and Energy Efficiency of Drone Swarm Consensus for Environment Exploration","display_name":"Blockchain-Empowered Security and Energy Efficiency of Drone Swarm Consensus for Environment Exploration","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290716241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012786887","display_name":"Saeed Hamood Alsamhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-6979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78137547","display_name":"Ibb University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhcxc56","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Hamood Alsamhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, IBB University, Ibb, Yemen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-6979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, IBB University, Ibb, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alexey V. Shvetsov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4455-0296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131550537","display_name":"North-Eastern Federal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p6aa271","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131550537"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89763489","display_name":"Vladivostok State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q970a97","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89763489"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexey V. Shvetsov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operation of Road Transport and Car Service, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia","Department of Transport and Technological Processes, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4455-0296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operation of Road Transport and Car Service, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131550537"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport and Technological Processes, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89763489"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102963093","display_name":"Alexey V. Shvetsov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6634-1727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204947315","display_name":"Far Eastern Federal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0412y9z21","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204947315"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetlana V. Shvetsova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6634-1727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204947315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089032960","display_name":"Ammar Hawbani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-3993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Hawbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-3993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057916222","display_name":"Mohsen Guizani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Guizani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Learning Department, Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Department, Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039678928","display_name":"Mohammed A. Alhartomi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-8864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72264486","display_name":"University of Tabuk","ror":"https://ror.org/04yej8x59","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed A. Alhartomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048659136","display_name":"Ou Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2727-1997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92156820","display_name":"University of Cincinnati Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02p72h367","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92156820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ou Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2727-1997","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92156820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012786887"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78137547"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.076,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99678041,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"328","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9621999859809875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.7825533151626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.7685221433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7000554203987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4882486164569855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-security","display_name":"Energy security","score":0.42147624492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36102455854415894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2706416845321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19478881359100342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.10240525007247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.09533771872520447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.7825533151626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.7685221433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7000554203987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4882486164569855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.42147624492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36102455854415894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2706416845321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19478881359100342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10240525007247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.09533771872520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2022.3195479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W383283413","https://openalex.org/W1788361886","https://openalex.org/W1977761438","https://openalex.org/W1982636603","https://openalex.org/W2017150251","https://openalex.org/W2055039286","https://openalex.org/W2063923870","https://openalex.org/W2484910796","https://openalex.org/W2507838947","https://openalex.org/W2625576420","https://openalex.org/W2744653090","https://openalex.org/W2905867785","https://openalex.org/W2906409340","https://openalex.org/W2925929165","https://openalex.org/W2937958697","https://openalex.org/W2939383273","https://openalex.org/W2954344537","https://openalex.org/W2957800788","https://openalex.org/W2963286247","https://openalex.org/W2963855137","https://openalex.org/W2968041550","https://openalex.org/W2971083488","https://openalex.org/W2981066302","https://openalex.org/W2985168655","https://openalex.org/W3001988640","https://openalex.org/W3011193768","https://openalex.org/W3024890147","https://openalex.org/W3048560307","https://openalex.org/W3095553857","https://openalex.org/W3100954552","https://openalex.org/W3103765213","https://openalex.org/W3131124683","https://openalex.org/W3131358683","https://openalex.org/W3138108890","https://openalex.org/W3155652159","https://openalex.org/W3159456735","https://openalex.org/W3163847487","https://openalex.org/W3167939501","https://openalex.org/W3183551042","https://openalex.org/W3193427565","https://openalex.org/W3205260452","https://openalex.org/W3209876736","https://openalex.org/W4206145535","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4213123368","https://openalex.org/W4238800314","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4283322638","https://openalex.org/W6612939485","https://openalex.org/W6638260282","https://openalex.org/W6752391184","https://openalex.org/W6761403176","https://openalex.org/W6773355059"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W2743170747","https://openalex.org/W4385625905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,47,58,146,151,170,181],"Drones":[3],"(IoD)":[4],"allows":[5],"drones":[6,62,84,174],"to":[7,66,72,87,114,133,136,142],"collaborate":[8],"safely":[9],"while":[10,91,162],"operating":[11],"in":[12,19,33,43,55,75,89,99,190],"a":[13,110,119,130],"restricted":[14],"airspace":[15],"for":[16,36,52,103],"numerous":[17],"applications":[18,183],"Industry":[20],"4.0":[21],"world.":[22],"Energy":[23],"efficiency":[24,189],"and":[25,41,156,179,187,194],"sharing":[26],"sensing":[27],"data":[28],"are":[29],"the":[30,56,93,100,137,144,147,159,168,177,191],"main":[31],"challenges":[32],"swarm-drone":[34],"collaboration":[35,54,117],"performing":[37],"complex":[38],"tasks":[39],"effectively":[40],"efficiently":[42],"real-time.":[44],"Information":[45],"security":[46,145,169],"consensus":[48,90,148,164,171],"achievement":[49,149,165,172],"is":[50,98,127],"required":[51],"multi-drone":[53,116,152,182],"presence":[57],"Byzantine":[59,61,83],"drones.":[60],"may":[63,85],"be":[64],"enough":[65],"cause":[67],"present":[68],"swarm":[69,104,120],"coordination":[70],"techniques":[71],"collapse,":[73],"resulting":[74],"unpredictable":[76],"or":[77,81],"calamitous":[78],"results.":[79],"One":[80],"more":[82],"lead":[86],"failure":[88],"exploring":[92],"environment.":[94],"Moreover,":[95],"Blockchain":[96],"technology":[97,126],"early":[101],"stage":[102],"drone":[105,123],"collaboration.":[106],"Therefore,":[107],"we":[108],"introduce":[109],"novel":[111],"blockchain-based":[112],"approach":[113],"managing":[115],"during":[118,158],"operation.":[121],"Within":[122],"swarms,":[124],"blockchain":[125],"utilized":[128],"as":[129],"communication":[131],"tool":[132],"broadcast":[134],"instructions":[135],"swarm.":[138],"This":[139],"paper":[140],"aims":[141],"improve":[143],"process":[150],"collaboration,":[153],"energy":[154,188],"efficiency,":[155],"connectivity":[157,186],"environment\u2019s":[160],"exploration":[161],"maintaining":[163],"effectiveness.":[166],"Improving":[167],"among":[173],"will":[175],"increase":[176],"possibility":[178],"stability":[180],"by":[184],"improving":[185],"smart":[192],"world":[193],"solving":[195],"real":[196],"environmental":[197],"issues.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}