{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195437048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","title":"Green Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in the 6G Era: Toward Sustainable Vehicular Communications and Networking","display_name":"Green Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in the 6G Era: Toward Sustainable Vehicular Communications and Networking","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195437048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","mag":"3195437048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649619","display_name":"Junhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-2275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000861569","display_name":"Kun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089270885","display_name":"Ekram Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-6887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekram Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100649619"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.4835,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":197,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99670891,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"391","last_page":"423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6451044082641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5107147693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4610314667224884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4559018313884735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4325960874557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.41208416223526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36458268761634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3201504945755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.24773389101028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18608886003494263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6451044082641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5107147693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4610314667224884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4559018313884735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4325960874557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.41208416223526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36458268761634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3201504945755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.24773389101028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18608886003494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3127923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1676630262","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071230","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1818681137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20200419","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6135642206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002166","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7647209911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M671483","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8254442144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20211567","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8760566353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62061146002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":221,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1195388037","https://openalex.org/W1672417386","https://openalex.org/W1965139713","https://openalex.org/W1966751624","https://openalex.org/W1973556623","https://openalex.org/W1976473913","https://openalex.org/W1978826461","https://openalex.org/W1991898587","https://openalex.org/W2005147352","https://openalex.org/W2007499756","https://openalex.org/W2013591489","https://openalex.org/W2016087887","https://openalex.org/W2028777253","https://openalex.org/W2029490915","https://openalex.org/W2030193855","https://openalex.org/W2037933285","https://openalex.org/W2042817763","https://openalex.org/W2048883805","https://openalex.org/W2049020752","https://openalex.org/W2056887037","https://openalex.org/W2057559819","https://openalex.org/W2060297568","https://openalex.org/W2063251960","https://openalex.org/W2068115726","https://openalex.org/W2071133126","https://openalex.org/W2096829538","https://openalex.org/W2099360030","https://openalex.org/W2106296901","https://openalex.org/W2111773724","https://openalex.org/W2121093616","https://openalex.org/W2121639747","https://openalex.org/W2126245033","https://openalex.org/W2133007332","https://openalex.org/W2145451223","https://openalex.org/W2162427505","https://openalex.org/W2165259187","https://openalex.org/W2196936363","https://openalex.org/W2276193049","https://openalex.org/W2283388936","https://openalex.org/W2284412231","https://openalex.org/W2287359892","https://openalex.org/W2288889479","https://openalex.org/W2292440775","https://openalex.org/W2296170624","https://openalex.org/W2326874813","https://openalex.org/W2326980144","https://openalex.org/W2335146458","https://openalex.org/W2342545915","https://openalex.org/W2343458236","https://openalex.org/W2344111000","https://openalex.org/W2353609484","https://openalex.org/W2384465553","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2482359863","https://openalex.org/W2489355194","https://openalex.org/W2497701847","https://openalex.org/W2505326381","https://openalex.org/W2510397020","https://openalex.org/W2519543959","https://openalex.org/W2530263920","https://openalex.org/W2531501977","https://openalex.org/W2540923637","https://openalex.org/W2548134372","https://openalex.org/W2561979439","https://openalex.org/W2562798419","https://openalex.org/W2595301106","https://openalex.org/W2608659040","https://openalex.org/W2613846252","https://openalex.org/W2618149076","https://openalex.org/W2624310090","https://openalex.org/W2729820873","https://openalex.org/W2739697384","https://openalex.org/W2740244208","https://openalex.org/W2747167073","https://openalex.org/W2758471278","https://openalex.org/W2765317667","https://openalex.org/W2765931706","https://openalex.org/W2770373332","https://openalex.org/W2770559666","https://openalex.org/W2772971464","https://openalex.org/W2776370812","https://openalex.org/W2784092749","https://openalex.org/W2789212329","https://openalex.org/W2795311922","https://openalex.org/W2800510943","https://openalex.org/W2800846291","https://openalex.org/W2801638311","https://openalex.org/W2801726686","https://openalex.org/W2801930296","https://openalex.org/W2802385449","https://openalex.org/W2804668828","https://openalex.org/W2807145566","https://openalex.org/W2808191423","https://openalex.org/W2862063080","https://openalex.org/W2885224577","https://openalex.org/W2889679424","https://openalex.org/W2892109127","https://openalex.org/W2893733132","https://openalex.org/W2893918627","https://openalex.org/W2898001626","https://openalex.org/W2898324951","https://openalex.org/W2901380461","https://openalex.org/W2901882136","https://openalex.org/W2902446797","https://openalex.org/W2906981918","https://openalex.org/W2909277392","https://openalex.org/W2913196913","https://openalex.org/W2918206979","https://openalex.org/W2918400102","https://openalex.org/W2921337715","https://openalex.org/W2921576274","https://openalex.org/W2922160705","https://openalex.org/W2929013727","https://openalex.org/W2931548779","https://openalex.org/W2933658608","https://openalex.org/W2944339461","https://openalex.org/W2946701076","https://openalex.org/W2946785673","https://openalex.org/W2950891840","https://openalex.org/W2958091556","https://openalex.org/W2963058035","https://openalex.org/W2963070605","https://openalex.org/W2965430247","https://openalex.org/W2966753637","https://openalex.org/W2967368565","https://openalex.org/W2971215447","https://openalex.org/W2971653411","https://openalex.org/W2972370647","https://openalex.org/W2972644282","https://openalex.org/W2973588514","https://openalex.org/W2974175488","https://openalex.org/W2978814878","https://openalex.org/W2980603018","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2981618170","https://openalex.org/W2982420054","https://openalex.org/W2989695201","https://openalex.org/W2990718401","https://openalex.org/W2990743041","https://openalex.org/W2991113108","https://openalex.org/W2994079114","https://openalex.org/W2994813045","https://openalex.org/W2996977605","https://openalex.org/W2998076212","https://openalex.org/W3001132159","https://openalex.org/W3003527738","https://openalex.org/W3007429134","https://openalex.org/W3007607795","https://openalex.org/W3010178570","https://openalex.org/W3011346430","https://openalex.org/W3011556142","https://openalex.org/W3011714196","https://openalex.org/W3013318388","https://openalex.org/W3013810395","https://openalex.org/W3015098507","https://openalex.org/W3020864427","https://openalex.org/W3021462936","https://openalex.org/W3022093343","https://openalex.org/W3023238316","https://openalex.org/W3024155406","https://openalex.org/W3026387788","https://openalex.org/W3033037700","https://openalex.org/W3035897868","https://openalex.org/W3038782910","https://openalex.org/W3040668711","https://openalex.org/W3040779716","https://openalex.org/W3041338865","https://openalex.org/W3045139184","https://openalex.org/W3046047516","https://openalex.org/W3046127806","https://openalex.org/W3047488480","https://openalex.org/W3047776827","https://openalex.org/W3081012716","https://openalex.org/W3083649670","https://openalex.org/W3088579369","https://openalex.org/W3091738231","https://openalex.org/W3093561802","https://openalex.org/W3100065723","https://openalex.org/W3100090429","https://openalex.org/W3103042421","https://openalex.org/W3107242135","https://openalex.org/W3109674698","https://openalex.org/W3113404185","https://openalex.org/W3113978062","https://openalex.org/W3114032569","https://openalex.org/W3115479675","https://openalex.org/W3116763688","https://openalex.org/W3119599540","https://openalex.org/W3121214294","https://openalex.org/W3121544734","https://openalex.org/W3127947892","https://openalex.org/W3131211587","https://openalex.org/W3133971856","https://openalex.org/W3134344446","https://openalex.org/W3135344605","https://openalex.org/W3136794940","https://openalex.org/W3139062370","https://openalex.org/W3140903301","https://openalex.org/W3144385663","https://openalex.org/W3144845068","https://openalex.org/W3152301406","https://openalex.org/W3152507862","https://openalex.org/W3161976591","https://openalex.org/W3166034883","https://openalex.org/W3167181515","https://openalex.org/W3167225504","https://openalex.org/W3170434108","https://openalex.org/W3173225644","https://openalex.org/W3173728194","https://openalex.org/W3177095755","https://openalex.org/W3177394154","https://openalex.org/W3185233877","https://openalex.org/W3187860990","https://openalex.org/W3196762896","https://openalex.org/W3211199052","https://openalex.org/W3211231951","https://openalex.org/W4234885474","https://openalex.org/W4236076801","https://openalex.org/W6729224713","https://openalex.org/W6763936386","https://openalex.org/W6789008296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065457896","https://openalex.org/W3173234801","https://openalex.org/W2167984027","https://openalex.org/W179829755","https://openalex.org/W1968767884","https://openalex.org/W2150802979","https://openalex.org/W3207683219","https://openalex.org/W2606841152","https://openalex.org/W2356819012","https://openalex.org/W4391423612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"one":[1],"of":[2,10,13,35,52,69,116,138,151,162,170,173,211,219],"the":[3,25,33,36,50,73,83,93,101,109,113,120,136,142,152,163,168,171,184,195,212,217,241,260,264,277],"most":[4],"promising":[5],"applications":[6],"in":[7,29,82,96,106,131,141,155,267,280],"future":[8],"Internet":[9,12],"Things,":[11],"Vehicles":[14,200],"(IoV)":[15],"has":[16,65],"been":[17,66],"acknowledged":[18],"as":[19,87],"a":[20,88,159],"fundamental":[21],"technology":[22],"for":[23,187,269],"developing":[24,270],"Intelligent":[26],"Transportation":[27],"Systems":[28],"smart":[30],"cities.":[31],"With":[32],"emergence":[34],"sixth":[37],"generation":[38],"(6G)":[39],"communications":[40],"technologies,":[41],"massive":[42],"network":[43,53,252],"infrastructures":[44],"will":[45,55,134],"be":[46,128],"densely":[47],"deployed":[48],"and":[49,80,103,112,167,202,238,240,263],"number":[51],"nodes":[54],"increase":[56],"exponentially,":[57],"leading":[58],"to":[59,71,108,127,209,225],"extremely":[60],"high":[61],"energy":[62,94,105,121,139,153,203,220,236,245],"consumption.":[63],"There":[64],"an":[67,97],"upsurge":[68],"interest":[70],"develop":[72],"green":[74,177,188,271],"IoV":[75,98,156,189,272,283],"towards":[76],"sustainable":[77],"vehicular":[78],"communication":[79,102],"networking":[81],"6G":[84,132,174,268],"era.":[85],"However,":[86],"special":[89],"mobile":[90],"ad-hoc":[91],"network,":[92],"cost":[95,115],"system":[99],"involves":[100],"computation":[104],"addition":[107],"fuel":[110],"consumption":[111],"electricity":[114],"moving":[117],"vehicles.":[118],"Moreover,":[119],"harvesting":[122,204,237],"technology,":[123],"which":[124],"is":[125,214],"likely":[126],"adopted":[129],"widely":[130],"systems,":[133],"complicate":[135],"optimization":[137,221],"efficiency":[140,246],"entire":[143],"system.":[144],"Current":[145],"studies":[146],"focus":[147],"only":[148],"on":[149,176],"part":[150],"issues":[154],"systems":[157],"without":[158],"comprehensive":[160],"discussion":[161],"state-of-the-art":[164],"energy-efficient":[165,282],"approaches":[166],"influence":[169],"development":[172],"networks":[175],"IoV.":[178],"In":[179,256],"this":[180],"paper,":[181],"we":[182,258,275],"present":[183],"main":[185],"considerations":[186],"from":[190,216],"five":[191],"different":[192],"scenarios,":[193],"including":[194],"communication,":[196],"computation,":[197],"traffic,":[198],"Electric":[199],"(EVs),":[201],"management.":[205],"The":[206],"literature":[207],"relevant":[208],"each":[210],"scenarios":[213],"compared":[215],"perspective":[218],"(e.g.,":[222,247],"with":[223],"respect":[224],"resource":[226,248],"allocation,":[227],"workload":[228],"scheduling,":[229],"routing":[230],"design,":[231],"traffic":[232,254],"control,":[233],"charging":[234],"management,":[235],"sharing)":[239],"related":[242],"factors":[243],"affecting":[244],"limitation,":[249],"channel":[250],"state,":[251],"topology,":[253],"condition).":[255],"addition,":[257],"introduce":[259],"potential":[261],"challenges":[262],"emerging":[265],"technologies":[266],"systems.":[273,284],"Finally,":[274],"discuss":[276],"research":[278],"trends":[279],"designing":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":31}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
