{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3126806008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","title":"Optimizing Computation Efficiency for NOMA-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing With User Cooperation","display_name":"Optimizing Computation Efficiency for NOMA-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing With User Cooperation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3126806008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","mag":"3126806008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/152196/1/Subinbin_TGCN_for_Pure.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073552240","display_name":"Binbin Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-0032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binbin Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vessel Integrated Power System, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-0032","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vessel Integrated Power System, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069951778","display_name":"Qiang Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082836600","display_name":"Wenjuan Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7364-7663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjuan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7364-7663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044005980","display_name":"Haris Pervaiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-4682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haris Pervaiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-4682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8451,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91184606,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"858","last_page":"867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.8356047868728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7778606414794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7132527828216553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.6391106843948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.5788415670394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5531672835350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4833245277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4532344341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4515489935874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4466377794742584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.44168147444725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.43812164664268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.419919490814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3514971137046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3174876570701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.30609866976737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.28944212198257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23529401421546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.23058441281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.21753209829330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12177249789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11529654264450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0968819260597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.08808839321136475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.8356047868728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7778606414794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7132527828216553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.6391106843948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.5788415670394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5531672835350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4833245277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4532344341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4515489935874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4466377794742584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.44168147444725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.43812164664268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.419919490814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3514971137046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3174876570701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.30609866976737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.28944212198257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23529401421546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.23058441281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.21753209829330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12177249789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11529654264450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0968819260597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.08808839321136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2021.3056770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192662","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2473-2400","issn":["2473-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:152196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/152196/1/Subinbin_TGCN_for_Pure.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/152196/1/Subinbin_TGCN_for_Pure.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:152196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/152196/1/Subinbin_TGCN_for_Pure.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/152196/1/Subinbin_TGCN_for_Pure.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3126806008.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3126806008.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973720496","https://openalex.org/W2015454796","https://openalex.org/W2052935184","https://openalex.org/W2060821751","https://openalex.org/W2068499153","https://openalex.org/W2093903024","https://openalex.org/W2099119507","https://openalex.org/W2122744491","https://openalex.org/W2177372563","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2397723600","https://openalex.org/W2509696551","https://openalex.org/W2516316490","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2615926310","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2772709146","https://openalex.org/W2777180355","https://openalex.org/W2784241273","https://openalex.org/W2791282349","https://openalex.org/W2793978979","https://openalex.org/W2799319112","https://openalex.org/W2799349785","https://openalex.org/W2886323124","https://openalex.org/W2892012710","https://openalex.org/W2896945154","https://openalex.org/W2910646218","https://openalex.org/W2915708268","https://openalex.org/W2960178690","https://openalex.org/W2962912298","https://openalex.org/W2963644017","https://openalex.org/W2964044470","https://openalex.org/W2964052915","https://openalex.org/W2964054168","https://openalex.org/W3102167156","https://openalex.org/W3106445841","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3034137700","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W3014317926","https://openalex.org/W2917127270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,27,54,65,69,79,88,97,104,117,121,127,133,151,164,174,209,220],"application":[6],"of":[7],"user":[8,90,99],"cooperation":[9],"(UC)":[10],"and":[11,137,169,207],"non-orthogonal":[12],"multiple":[13],"access":[14,44],"(NOMA)":[15],"schemes":[16],"for":[17],"a":[18,42,93,142,158,186],"wireless":[19],"powered":[20],"mobile":[21,36,59],"edge":[22],"computing":[23],"(MEC)":[24],"system":[25,80,217],"under":[26],"non-linear":[28],"energy":[29,40,108,134],"harvesting":[30],"model,":[31],"in":[32],"which":[33,140],"two":[34,190,199],"single-antenna":[35],"users":[37,60,191,200],"first":[38,155],"harvest":[39],"from":[41],"multi-antenna":[43],"point":[45],"(AP)":[46],"integrated":[47],"with":[48,68,149],"an":[49],"MEC":[50,66,110],"server.":[51],"Then,":[52],"during":[53],"computation":[55,101,118,123],"offloading":[56],"phase,":[57],"both":[58,205],"simultaneously":[61],"offload":[62,100],"tasks":[63,102],"to":[64,95,103,115],"server":[67],"harvested":[70],"energy,":[71],"by":[72,126,130,162,172],"performing":[73],"NOMA":[74,195,206],"protocol.":[75],"To":[76,106,147],"better":[77,216],"enhance":[78],"performance,":[81],"UC":[82,184],"scheme":[83],"is":[84,114,154],"carried":[85],"out,":[86],"where":[87],"near":[89],"acts":[91],"as":[92],"relay":[94],"help":[96],"far":[98],"AP.":[105],"obtain":[107],"efficient":[109],"design,":[111],"our":[112],"objective":[113],"maximize":[116],"efficiency":[119],"(i.e.,":[120],"total":[122],"bits":[124],"divided":[125],"consumed":[128],"energy)":[129],"jointly":[131],"designing":[132],"beamforming,":[135],"time":[136],"power":[138],"allocations,":[139],"yields":[141,215],"challenging":[143],"nonconvex":[144],"optimization":[145],"problem.":[146],"deal":[148],"it,":[150],"original":[152],"problem":[153],"transformed":[156],"into":[157],"more":[159],"tractable":[160],"formulation":[161],"applying":[163],"semidefinite":[165],"relaxation":[166],"(SDR)":[167],"technique":[168],"then":[170],"solved":[171],"utilizing":[173],"sequential":[175],"convex":[176],"approximation":[177],"(SCA)":[178],"method.":[179],"Numerical":[180],"results":[181],"demonstrate":[182],"that":[183],"has":[185],"great":[187],"impact":[188],"when":[189,198],"are":[192,201],"close,":[193],"while":[194],"makes":[196],"effect":[197],"relatively":[202],"far.":[203],"Combining":[204],"UC,":[208],"proposed":[210],"scheme,":[211],"named":[212],"NOMA-UC":[213],"MEC,":[214],"performance":[218],"than":[219],"benchmark":[221],"schemes.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-30T07:30:35.949966","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
