{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383503873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2023.3293093","title":"Subjective and Objective Analysis of Streamed Gaming Videos","display_name":"Subjective and Objective Analysis of Streamed Gaming Videos","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383503873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2023.3293093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tg.2023.3293093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2023.3293093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102956945","display_name":"Xiangxu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangxu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069688710","display_name":"Zhenqiang Ying","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenqiang Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090695020","display_name":"Neil Birkbeck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Birkbeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100449864","display_name":"Yilin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4031-8753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060507975","display_name":"Balu Adsumilli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-6331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balu Adsumilli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"YouTube Media Algorithms Team, Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075463806","display_name":"Alan C. Bovik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-710X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan C. Bovik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102956945"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549","https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5647,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85208965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"445","last_page":"458"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7233543395996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.6278284192085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.5748316049575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game","display_name":"Video game","score":0.5671238899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.46548381447792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-video","display_name":"Online video","score":0.44403570890426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.424384742975235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3315298557281494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7233543395996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.6278284192085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.5748316049575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.5671238899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.46548381447792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988167200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16885149","display_name":"Online video","level":2,"score":0.44403570890426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.424384742975235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3315298557281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tg.2023.3293093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2023.3293093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560729591","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1977246677","https://openalex.org/W1978928662","https://openalex.org/W1982471090","https://openalex.org/W1987489060","https://openalex.org/W2026139930","https://openalex.org/W2032198961","https://openalex.org/W2044338482","https://openalex.org/W2048042940","https://openalex.org/W2058080331","https://openalex.org/W2063658831","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2106517536","https://openalex.org/W2117535912","https://openalex.org/W2120838001","https://openalex.org/W2148848374","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2161920802","https://openalex.org/W2163031058","https://openalex.org/W2170947705","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2245625259","https://openalex.org/W2250384498","https://openalex.org/W2511458122","https://openalex.org/W2575940230","https://openalex.org/W2603172850","https://openalex.org/W2611434713","https://openalex.org/W2617811665","https://openalex.org/W2754213847","https://openalex.org/W2791258091","https://openalex.org/W2809031010","https://openalex.org/W2891239219","https://openalex.org/W2891645170","https://openalex.org/W2895868297","https://openalex.org/W2900852030","https://openalex.org/W2910270360","https://openalex.org/W2939995367","https://openalex.org/W2948397451","https://openalex.org/W2950154603","https://openalex.org/W2954037246","https://openalex.org/W2963918210","https://openalex.org/W2965644659","https://openalex.org/W3030701471","https://openalex.org/W3030933397","https://openalex.org/W3035712445","https://openalex.org/W3045409997","https://openalex.org/W3081208937","https://openalex.org/W3099047215","https://openalex.org/W3100404621","https://openalex.org/W3103635814","https://openalex.org/W3103745061","https://openalex.org/W3115006295","https://openalex.org/W3135373658","https://openalex.org/W3169674094","https://openalex.org/W3174722860","https://openalex.org/W3178731955","https://openalex.org/W4213342923","https://openalex.org/W4238663968","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W6633724138","https://openalex.org/W6637373629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368605798","https://openalex.org/W2518037665","https://openalex.org/W2348524959","https://openalex.org/W2759401885","https://openalex.org/W2008696146","https://openalex.org/W2087563967","https://openalex.org/W2097661606","https://openalex.org/W3140873510","https://openalex.org/W3210331502","https://openalex.org/W2913194825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rising":[1],"popularity":[2],"of":[3,10,19,43,55,60,62,108,118,143,159,170,200,230],"online":[4,128],"User-Generated-Content":[5],"(UGC)":[6],"in":[7,124,258],"the":[8,17,115,141,157,192,236,264,276],"form":[9],"streamed":[11],"and":[12,50,76,130,147,153,172,251],"shared":[13],"videos,":[14,36,45,146],"has":[15,136],"hastened":[16],"development":[18],"perceptual":[20,116],"Video":[21],"Quality":[22],"Assessment":[23],"(VQA)":[24],"models,":[25],"which":[26,37],"can":[27,150],"be":[28,151],"used":[29],"to":[30,83],"help":[31,255],"optimize":[32],"their":[33,56],"delivery.":[34],"Gaming":[35,194],"are":[38,46,262],"a":[39,167,185,208,228,240],"relatively":[40],"new":[41,237,241,265],"type":[42],"UGC":[44,63,144,177,187,203],"created":[47,184],"when":[48],"skilled":[49],"casual":[51],"gamers":[52],"post":[53],"videos":[54,65,122],"gameplay.":[57],"These":[58],"kinds":[59],"screenshots":[61],"gameplay":[64],"have":[66,110],"become":[67],"extremely":[68],"popular":[69],"on":[70,90,139,176,212,235,246],"major":[71],"streaming":[72],"platforms":[73],"like":[74],"YouTube":[75],"Twitch.":[77],"Synthetically-generated":[78],"gaming":[79,97,121,125,145,160,178,188,204],"content":[80,98],"presents":[81,99],"challenges":[82],"existing":[84],"VQA":[85,162,174,233],"algorithms,":[86],"including":[87,239],"those":[88],"based":[89,245],"natural":[91,248],"scene/video":[92],"statistics":[93,250],"models.":[94],"Synthetically":[95],"generated":[96,120],"different":[100],"statistical":[101],"behavior":[102],"than":[103],"naturalistic":[104],"videos.":[105,179,205],"A":[106],"number":[107,229],"studies":[109],"been":[111,137],"directed":[112],"towards":[113],"understanding":[114,140],"characteristics":[117],"professionally":[119],"arising":[123],"video":[126,161,189,195,249],"streaming,":[127],"gaming,":[129],"cloud":[131],"gaming.":[132],"However,":[133],"little":[134],"work":[135,257],"done":[138],"quality":[142,196,218],"how":[148],"it":[149],"characterized":[152],"predicted.":[154],"Towards":[155],"boosting":[156],"progress":[158],"model":[163],"development,":[164],"we":[165,183,261],"conducted":[166,207],"comprehensive":[168],"study":[169,211],"subjective":[171,209],"objective":[173],"models":[175,234],"To":[180,254],"do":[181],"this,":[182],"novel":[186],"resource,":[190],"called":[191,243],"LIVE-YouTube":[193],"(LIVE-YT-Gaming)":[197],"database,":[198,238],"comprised":[199],"600":[201],"real":[202],"We":[206,225],"human":[210,217,223],"this":[213,259],"data,":[214],"yielding":[215],"18,600":[216],"ratings":[219],"recorded":[220],"by":[221],"61":[222],"subjects.":[224],"also":[226],"evaluated":[227],"state-of-the-art":[231],"(SOTA)":[232],"one,":[242],"GAME-VQP,":[244,272],"both":[247],"CNN-learned":[252],"features.":[253],"support":[256],"field,":[260],"making":[263],"LIVE-YT-Gaming":[266],"Database,":[267],"along":[268],"with":[269],"code":[270],"for":[271],"publicly":[273],"available":[274],"through":[275],"link:":[277],"<uri":[278],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[279],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://live.ece.utexas.edu/research/LIVE-YT-Gaming/index.html</uri>":[280],".":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
