{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204008674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","title":"Development of an Indoor Exergame Based on Moving-Target Hitting Task for COVID-19 Epidemic: A Comparison Between AR and VR Mode","display_name":"Development of an Indoor Exergame Based on Moving-Target Hitting Task for COVID-19 Epidemic: A Comparison Between AR and VR Mode","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204008674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","mag":"3204008674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100632919","display_name":"Yang Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-9981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-9981","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108768713","display_name":"Junyan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6621-3979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123583","display_name":"Weihai Municipal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpa9q11","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123583"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Weihaiwei People’s Hospital, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6621-3979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Weihaiwei People’s Hospital, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101705111","display_name":"Jingnan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-4161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingnan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076136047","display_name":"Yulong Bian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-0656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulong Bian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-0656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100446328","display_name":"Juan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-2875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-2875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6311,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83386182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"511","last_page":"521"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13219","display_name":"Mind wandering and attention","score":0.96670001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6233224272727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-sickness","display_name":"Motion sickness","score":0.5878605842590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5838339924812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.5302740335464478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.4933737814426422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.46610602736473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.4566482901573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4433332681655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.43836838006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/significant-difference","display_name":"Significant difference","score":0.42471930384635925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.38547295331954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.33686238527297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.32301652431488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.30676043033599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17440316081047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17152255773544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16346096992492676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6233224272727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309067","display_name":"Motion sickness","level":2,"score":0.5878605842590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5838339924812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.5302740335464478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.4933737814426422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.46610602736473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.4566482901573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4433332681655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.43836838006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.42471930384635925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38547295331954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.33686238527297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.32301652431488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.30676043033599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17440316081047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17152255773544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16346096992492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2021.3118035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2569590726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021TQ0178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G299660529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802232","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6408405416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20820211005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","funder_display_name":"Shandong University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W588363307","https://openalex.org/W1520752161","https://openalex.org/W1563817096","https://openalex.org/W1614318837","https://openalex.org/W1974499073","https://openalex.org/W1994033159","https://openalex.org/W2009500827","https://openalex.org/W2010456449","https://openalex.org/W2080743918","https://openalex.org/W2083671981","https://openalex.org/W2095190540","https://openalex.org/W2105577927","https://openalex.org/W2123887733","https://openalex.org/W2125912804","https://openalex.org/W2126199804","https://openalex.org/W2132990399","https://openalex.org/W2145657436","https://openalex.org/W2148158693","https://openalex.org/W2155897439","https://openalex.org/W2164114554","https://openalex.org/W2165670497","https://openalex.org/W2274878758","https://openalex.org/W2397670207","https://openalex.org/W2404839014","https://openalex.org/W2488224585","https://openalex.org/W2504987883","https://openalex.org/W2513641466","https://openalex.org/W2566164720","https://openalex.org/W2574105842","https://openalex.org/W2612505050","https://openalex.org/W2612859798","https://openalex.org/W2735627038","https://openalex.org/W2736389237","https://openalex.org/W2773314609","https://openalex.org/W2785605357","https://openalex.org/W2793569989","https://openalex.org/W2796193679","https://openalex.org/W2796318591","https://openalex.org/W2800377415","https://openalex.org/W2804400610","https://openalex.org/W2807783427","https://openalex.org/W2810414456","https://openalex.org/W2883949839","https://openalex.org/W2890176263","https://openalex.org/W2912830318","https://openalex.org/W2939273120","https://openalex.org/W2965731227","https://openalex.org/W2969568155","https://openalex.org/W2971793399","https://openalex.org/W2979940668","https://openalex.org/W3002636634","https://openalex.org/W3108066560","https://openalex.org/W6631096149","https://openalex.org/W6648739008","https://openalex.org/W6712646579","https://openalex.org/W6713229933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2412580036","https://openalex.org/W3045779227","https://openalex.org/W2347647731","https://openalex.org/W2799385722","https://openalex.org/W3038372909","https://openalex.org/W2782892168","https://openalex.org/W3162971966","https://openalex.org/W4287281995","https://openalex.org/W2185356701","https://openalex.org/W2913377195"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"COVID-19":[1],"has":[2],"led":[3],"to":[4,20,62],"home":[5],"quarantine":[6],"in":[7,18,69,159],"global":[8],"scale,":[9],"which":[10],"increased":[11],"people\u2019s":[12],"need":[13],"for":[14],"indoor":[15,37],"fitness":[16],"activities":[17],"order":[19],"relieve":[21],"stress/anxiety":[22],"and":[23,79,92,95,163],"learn":[24],"knowledge":[25],"well":[26,73],"during":[27],"the":[28,54,64,67,75,104,113,116,142,149],"prevention.":[29],"In":[30,148],"this":[31],"article,":[32],"an":[33],"augmented":[34],"reality":[35,81],"(AR)":[36],"exergame":[38,68],"is":[39,60,121,125,145],"developed,":[40],"mainly":[41],"a":[42,57,126,133],"kind":[43],"of":[44,66,107,135,151],"moving":[45,152],"target":[46,153],"hitting":[47],"task":[48,150],"with":[49],"Lomachenkos":[50],"headwear":[51],"speedball":[52],"as":[53,72,74],"prototype.":[55],"Then,":[56],"comparative":[58],"experiment":[59],"performed":[61,157],"test":[63],"effect":[65],"relieving":[70],"anxiety,":[71],"differences":[76],"between":[77,141],"AR":[78,155],"virtual":[80],"modes":[82,144],"(using":[83],"HTC":[84],"Vive":[85],"Pro)":[86],"on":[87,118,130],"user":[88],"experience":[89,91,120],"(flow":[90],"motion":[93,136,161],"sickness)":[94],"interaction":[96,139,165],"efficiency.":[97],"Results":[98],"from":[99],"28":[100],"participants":[101,108],"show":[102],"that":[103],"anxiety":[105],"level":[106],"significantly":[109,146],"reduced":[110],"after":[111],"using":[112],"exergame.":[114],"Although":[115],"difference":[117,129],"flow":[119],"not":[122],"significant,":[123],"there":[124],"marginally":[127],"significant":[128],"nausea":[131],"level,":[132],"dimension":[134],"sickness.":[137],"Moreover,":[138],"efficiency":[140],"two":[143],"different.":[147],"hitting,":[154],"mode":[156],"better":[158],"avoiding":[160],"sickness":[162],"improving":[164],"performance.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}