{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407949125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036","title":"Uncertainty-Aware Superpoint Graph Transformer for Weakly Supervised 3-D Semantic Segmentation","display_name":"Uncertainty-Aware Superpoint Graph Transformer for Weakly Supervised 3-D Semantic Segmentation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407949125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100938012","display_name":"Yan Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5877-8523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-8655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-8655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pengfei Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-9140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030769176","display_name":"Le Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-6805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Acquisition and Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","School of Electronics and Information & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Acquisition and Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-6805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Acquisition and Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Acquisition and Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079434039","display_name":"Jin Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056686459","display_name":"Qinghua Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-8095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-8095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6419,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78181355,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6","first_page":"1899","last_page":"1912"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9769999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6529678702354431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5477352738380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5140334367752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.46768075227737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4537908136844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4427562654018402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.42429131269454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35980868339538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33620333671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.27636927366256714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6529678702354431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5477352738380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5140334367752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.46768075227737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4537908136844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4427562654018402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.42429131269454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35980868339538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33620333671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.27636927366256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2025.3543036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1585402135","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62222608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3286624083","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62476195","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4013770026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61925602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4898710334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24JCYBJC00950","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336756","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Science and Technology Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5070492027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23B2049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G549457566","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZD0116500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5651682600","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24YDTPJC00150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336756","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Science and Technology Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7077580569","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62436002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7168322241","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62306238","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336756","display_name":"Tianjin Science and Technology Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2594519801","https://openalex.org/W2797997528","https://openalex.org/W2895472109","https://openalex.org/W2963125977","https://openalex.org/W2963182550","https://openalex.org/W2963231572","https://openalex.org/W2963281829","https://openalex.org/W2986037208","https://openalex.org/W2990613095","https://openalex.org/W3012494314","https://openalex.org/W3014902535","https://openalex.org/W3034482224","https://openalex.org/W3035426492","https://openalex.org/W3035739565","https://openalex.org/W3109944402","https://openalex.org/W3111535274","https://openalex.org/W3116959466","https://openalex.org/W3117839341","https://openalex.org/W3134210100","https://openalex.org/W3153635465","https://openalex.org/W3166573884","https://openalex.org/W3169120894","https://openalex.org/W3171215128","https://openalex.org/W3177330511","https://openalex.org/W3177450673","https://openalex.org/W3181190968","https://openalex.org/W3202349074","https://openalex.org/W3202756173","https://openalex.org/W3203495808","https://openalex.org/W4205262979","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4309630083","https://openalex.org/W4312259052","https://openalex.org/W4312270234","https://openalex.org/W4312478773","https://openalex.org/W4312624947","https://openalex.org/W4312770813","https://openalex.org/W4312788649","https://openalex.org/W4312812384","https://openalex.org/W4313129691","https://openalex.org/W4313169553","https://openalex.org/W4319300695","https://openalex.org/W4378697003","https://openalex.org/W4385237350","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385732438","https://openalex.org/W4386800201","https://openalex.org/W4387448166","https://openalex.org/W4388223553","https://openalex.org/W4390824585","https://openalex.org/W4390871922","https://openalex.org/W4390872695","https://openalex.org/W4391759534","https://openalex.org/W4393639582","https://openalex.org/W4396877769","https://openalex.org/W4398794745","https://openalex.org/W4399768361","https://openalex.org/W4399768898","https://openalex.org/W4402425683","https://openalex.org/W4402545470","https://openalex.org/W4402979056","https://openalex.org/W6733367512","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6752745768","https://openalex.org/W6763422710","https://openalex.org/W6764051988","https://openalex.org/W6776539250","https://openalex.org/W6784694379","https://openalex.org/W6864416266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379231730","https://openalex.org/W4389858081","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W2501551404","https://openalex.org/W4298131179","https://openalex.org/W2113201962","https://openalex.org/W4385583601","https://openalex.org/W4395685956","https://openalex.org/W3159516372","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Weakly":[0],"supervised":[1,199],"3-D":[2,15],"semantic":[3],"segmentation":[4],"has":[5],"successfully":[6],"mitigated":[7],"the":[8,21,92,104,124,134,146,175,182],"labor-intensive":[9],"and":[10,30,151,172,190],"time-consuming":[11],"task":[12],"of":[13,106,148,177],"annotating":[14],"point":[16],"clouds.":[17],"However,":[18],"reliably":[19],"utilizing":[20],"minimal":[22,62],"point-wise":[23],"annotations":[24,63],"for":[25,64],"unlabeled":[26,65,77,107],"data":[27,66],"in":[28,42,160],"complex":[29],"large-scale":[31,169],"scenes":[32],"is":[33],"still":[34],"challenging,":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37],"only":[38],"20":[39],"points":[40],"labeled":[41,74,113,205],"2":[43],"million":[44],"points.":[45,206],"To":[46],"tackle":[47],"this":[48],"challenge,":[49],"we":[50,80,116],"propose":[51,81],"a":[52,82,152],"new":[53],"Uncertainty-aware":[54],"Superpoint":[55],"Graph":[56],"Transformer":[57],"(UaSGT)":[58],"framework":[59],"that":[60],"utilizes":[61],"learning":[67],"through":[68],"reliable":[69,129],"long-range":[70,88],"supervision":[71,89],"propagation":[72,90,130],"from":[73],"superpoints":[75,108,132],"to":[76,86,109,127,144,157,181,197],"superpoints.":[78,98,114],"First,":[79],"superpoint":[83],"graph":[84],"transformer":[85],"achieve":[87],"along":[91],"attention-based":[93,100],"fuzzy":[94,101,125],"subsets":[95],"defined":[96],"on":[97,112,123,167],"The":[99],"subset":[102,126],"measures":[103],"membership":[105,120,150,162],"clusters":[110],"centered":[111],"Second,":[115],"employ":[117],"an":[118,140],"uncertainty-aware":[119],"rectification":[121],"technique":[122,138],"ensure":[128],"among":[131],"within":[133],"same":[135],"category.":[136],"This":[137],"integrates":[139],"uncertainty":[141,159],"prediction":[142],"module":[143,156],"mask":[145],"influence":[147],"unreliable":[149],"spatial":[153],"prior":[154],"refinement":[155],"reduce":[158],"intraclass":[161],"degrees.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"experimental":[165],"results":[166],"two":[168],"benchmarks":[170],"S3DIS":[171],"ScanNet-V2":[173],"demonstrate":[174],"superiority":[176],"our":[178,191],"approach":[179],"compared":[180],"state-of-the-art":[183],"with":[184,201],"at":[185],"least":[186],"90%":[187],"annotation":[188],"reduction,":[189],"method":[192],"also":[193],"achieves":[194],"comparable":[195],"performance":[196],"fully":[198],"methods":[200],"less":[202],"than":[203],"0.1%":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}