{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2478026606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","title":"Encoding Words Into Normal Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets: HM Approach","display_name":"Encoding Words Into Normal Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets: HM Approach","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2478026606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","mag":"2478026606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015300513","display_name":"Minshen Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113251","display_name":"Electronic Arts (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0269t5q92","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113251"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Minshen Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Arts, Redwood City, CA, USA","University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Arts, Redwood City, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113251"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028699912","display_name":"Jerry M. Mendel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-2452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerry M. Mendel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015300513"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4210113251"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.5926,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97287145,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"865","last_page":"879"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.6678935289382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.6555386781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5679431557655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.5366209745407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5229992270469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.49860525131225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.48318877816200256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4775084853172302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.46831804513931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.4653070569038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4598129689693451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4104788601398468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39614298939704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3464048504829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3159509301185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.09398743510246277}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6678935289382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.6555386781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5679431557655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.5366209745407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5229992270469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.49860525131225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.48318877816200256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4775084853172302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46831804513931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4653070569038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4598129689693451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4104788601398468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39614298939704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3464048504829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3159509301185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.09398743510246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2015.2486814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134177497","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1063-6706","issn":["1063-6706","1941-0034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29190612","https://openalex.org/W46774885","https://openalex.org/W564030374","https://openalex.org/W647481897","https://openalex.org/W857915529","https://openalex.org/W1968026678","https://openalex.org/W1971588444","https://openalex.org/W1974551454","https://openalex.org/W1978056844","https://openalex.org/W1980449338","https://openalex.org/W1983658296","https://openalex.org/W1987401015","https://openalex.org/W1989546650","https://openalex.org/W1991377734","https://openalex.org/W1994141102","https://openalex.org/W1994972874","https://openalex.org/W2002797931","https://openalex.org/W2019455834","https://openalex.org/W2020694587","https://openalex.org/W2037940305","https://openalex.org/W2038546487","https://openalex.org/W2050263487","https://openalex.org/W2053260168","https://openalex.org/W2057794837","https://openalex.org/W2059901265","https://openalex.org/W2062636054","https://openalex.org/W2063618706","https://openalex.org/W2094788183","https://openalex.org/W2096468420","https://openalex.org/W2101161011","https://openalex.org/W2117501337","https://openalex.org/W2117827905","https://openalex.org/W2119388152","https://openalex.org/W2138241734","https://openalex.org/W2143630575","https://openalex.org/W2143760316","https://openalex.org/W2147708960","https://openalex.org/W2155263265","https://openalex.org/W2157423656","https://openalex.org/W2159952110","https://openalex.org/W2165094119","https://openalex.org/W2170918203","https://openalex.org/W2179629306","https://openalex.org/W2477719344","https://openalex.org/W2913642042","https://openalex.org/W3016206019","https://openalex.org/W4205471131","https://openalex.org/W4236630153","https://openalex.org/W4247749894","https://openalex.org/W6683094445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2330537534","https://openalex.org/W2368534554","https://openalex.org/W2148469257","https://openalex.org/W2999244305","https://openalex.org/W2168827721","https://openalex.org/W4249517016","https://openalex.org/W2094506573","https://openalex.org/W2730343163","https://openalex.org/W2031194604","https://openalex.org/W2134103321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3],"an":[4],"approach,":[5],"called":[6],"the":[7,14,57,60,64,80,84,86,93,95,110,125,131,136,163,171,175],"HM":[8],"Approach":[9],"(HMA),":[10],"to":[11,104,124],"determine":[12],"(for":[13],"first":[15],"time)":[16],"a":[17,25,32,39,117,147],"normal":[18],"interval":[19,29,66],"type-2":[20],"fuzzy":[21],"set":[22],"model":[23],"for":[24,112],"word":[26,33],"that":[27,34,91,113],"uses":[28],"data":[30,100,140],"about":[31,170],"are":[35,142],"collected":[36],"either":[37,146],"from":[38,44,79],"group":[40],"of":[41,63,83,98,109,120,153],"subjects":[42,111],"or":[43,150],"one":[45],"subject.":[46],"The":[47,155],"HMA":[48,132,156],"has":[49],"two":[50],"parts:":[51],"1)":[52],"Data":[53,61],"part,":[54],"which":[55,75,139],"is":[56,76,102,122,135],"same":[58],"as":[59],"Part":[62],"enhanced":[65],"approach":[67],"(EIA)":[68],"[44],":[69],"and":[70,115,133,165],"2)":[71],"Fuzzy":[72],"Set":[73],"Part,":[74],"very":[77],"different":[78],"second":[81],"part":[82],"EIA,":[85,164],"most":[87],"notable":[88],"difference":[89,129],"being":[90],"in":[92,138],"HMA,":[94],"common":[96,126],"overlap":[97],"subject":[99],"intervals":[101,141,172],"interpreted":[103],"indicate":[105],"agreement":[106],"by":[107],"all":[108],"overlap,":[114],"therefore,":[116],"membership":[118],"grade":[119],"1":[121],"assigned":[123],"overlap.":[127],"Another":[128],"between":[130],"EIA":[134],"way":[137],"collectively":[143],"classified":[144],"into":[145],"Left-shoulder,":[148],"Interior,":[149],"Right-shoulder":[151],"footprint":[152],"uncertainty.":[154],"does":[157,162,174],"this":[158],"more":[159],"simply":[160],"than":[161,173],"requires":[166],"fewer":[167],"probability":[168],"assumptions":[169],"EIA.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-29T08:15:47.926485","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
