{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1833634424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","title":"An Efficient Approach to Nondominated Sorting for Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization","display_name":"An Efficient Approach to Nondominated Sorting for Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1833634424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","mag":"1833634424"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028634381","display_name":"Xingyi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-000X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingyi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China","[Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024018042","display_name":"Ye Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3428-1889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China","[Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004036087","display_name":"Ran Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-8263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","[Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032314861","display_name":"Yaochu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-0631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaochu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","[Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028634381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":44.7749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":527,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99923849,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"201","last_page":"213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.8176647424697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.7662726044654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.6828650236129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6555221080780029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-computation","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","score":0.5687288045883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5446223616600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4316520392894745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3579203188419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3380807638168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16370615363121033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.8176647424697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.7662726044654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6828650236129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6555221080780029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105902424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197129","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","level":2,"score":0.5687288045883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5446223616600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4316520392894745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3579203188419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3380807638168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16370615363121033}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2014.2308305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139146450002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:807841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807841/1/ENS.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2165356209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20100142110072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544272698","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2010ZD001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G295742379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61073116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4731373721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4940784131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61003131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5048314219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G510925805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61373066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5270409606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20100142110072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5344687800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61033003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6236801800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91130034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7548372399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJ2012A010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7844887611","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61272152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8859322207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJ2013A007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321435","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480428252","https://openalex.org/W1561389685","https://openalex.org/W1563728692","https://openalex.org/W1846834309","https://openalex.org/W1887607361","https://openalex.org/W1972208891","https://openalex.org/W1993533789","https://openalex.org/W2042011228","https://openalex.org/W2063375245","https://openalex.org/W2097536482","https://openalex.org/W2103427656","https://openalex.org/W2109778277","https://openalex.org/W2116661285","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2126997347","https://openalex.org/W2143973862","https://openalex.org/W2145479420","https://openalex.org/W2158320871","https://openalex.org/W2534799103","https://openalex.org/W2994964425","https://openalex.org/W3198470706","https://openalex.org/W4240200084","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6628770400","https://openalex.org/W6633714627","https://openalex.org/W6639147383","https://openalex.org/W6728452887","https://openalex.org/W6771627385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006936859","https://openalex.org/W1987040457","https://openalex.org/W2378502887","https://openalex.org/W2184492720","https://openalex.org/W2731989356","https://openalex.org/W1994686097","https://openalex.org/W4297582752","https://openalex.org/W4285805405","https://openalex.org/W2906115061","https://openalex.org/W2977596624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evolutionary":[0],"algorithms":[1,127,142],"have":[2,106,128],"been":[3,108,129],"shown":[4],"to":[5,55,67,80,92,95,99,110],"be":[6,28,56,65,93,100],"powerful":[7],"for":[8],"solving":[9],"multiobjective":[10],"optimization":[11],"problems,":[12],"in":[13,22,37,46],"which":[14],"nondominated":[15,49,81,85,125,150],"sorting":[16,50,126,141,151],"is":[17,43],"a":[18,52,68,75,90,96,111],"widely":[19],"adopted":[20],"technique":[21],"selection.":[23],"This":[24,42],"technique,":[25],"however,":[26],"can":[27,64],"computationally":[29,77,144],"expensive,":[30],"especially":[31],"when":[32],"the":[33,38,139,148],"number":[34],"of":[35],"individuals":[36],"population":[39],"becomes":[40],"large.":[41],"mainly":[44],"because":[45],"most":[47],"existing":[48],"algorithms,":[51],"solution":[53,91],"needs":[54,98],"compared":[57,101],"with":[58,103],"all":[59],"other":[60],"solutions":[61],"before":[62],"it":[63],"assigned":[66,94,109],"front.":[69],"In":[70,88],"this":[71,121],"paper":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"novel,":[76],"efficient":[78,84,146],"approach":[79],"sorting,":[82],"termed":[83],"sort":[86],"(ENS).":[87],"ENS,":[89],"front":[97],"only":[102],"those":[104],"that":[105,138],"already":[107],"front,":[112],"thereby":[113],"avoiding":[114],"many":[115],"unnecessary":[116],"dominance":[117],"comparisons.":[118],"Based":[119],"on":[120],"new":[122],"approach,":[123],"two":[124],"suggested.":[130],"Both":[131],"theoretical":[132],"analysis":[133],"and":[134],"empirical":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"ENS-based":[140],"are":[143],"more":[145],"than":[147],"state-of-the-art":[149],"methods.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}