{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115428122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","title":"Grouping Genetic Algorithm for the Blockmodel Problem","display_name":"Grouping Genetic Algorithm for the Blockmodel Problem","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115428122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","mag":"2115428122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023755737","display_name":"Tabitha James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-958X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Information Technology, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","Dept. of Bus. Inf. Technol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Information Technology, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Bus. Inf. Technol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110834110","display_name":"Eugene Brown","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, College of Technology and Computer Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, College of Technology and Computer Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081880773","display_name":"Cliff T. Ragsdale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-1607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.T. Ragsdale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Information Technology, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","Dept. of Bus. Inf. Technol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Information Technology, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Bus. Inf. Technol., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023755737"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7422,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90354901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"103","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5569801926612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5533876419067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.47776854038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.45558226108551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41192060708999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3543586730957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3345331847667694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1783197522163391}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5569801926612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5533876419067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.47776854038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.45558226108551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41192060708999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3543586730957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3345331847667694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1783197522163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2009.2023793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105430117","https://openalex.org/W977705565","https://openalex.org/W1492417045","https://openalex.org/W1558758677","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1659842140","https://openalex.org/W1969273887","https://openalex.org/W1971788485","https://openalex.org/W1972351978","https://openalex.org/W1986903681","https://openalex.org/W2005170658","https://openalex.org/W2034574601","https://openalex.org/W2044908568","https://openalex.org/W2046484912","https://openalex.org/W2056915401","https://openalex.org/W2061901927","https://openalex.org/W2070007162","https://openalex.org/W2093187702","https://openalex.org/W2100548763","https://openalex.org/W2125050594","https://openalex.org/W2132092465","https://openalex.org/W2163989766","https://openalex.org/W2177978758","https://openalex.org/W2183563679","https://openalex.org/W2605733128","https://openalex.org/W2904250082","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W3049667020","https://openalex.org/W4246238740","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4387688680","https://openalex.org/W4406180882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2544423928","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W2052122378","https://openalex.org/W2062023542","https://openalex.org/W4313731559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"areas":[1,14],"of":[2,11,47,50,85],"research":[3,13],"examine":[4],"the":[5,64,72],"relationships":[6],"between":[7],"objects.":[8],"A":[9],"subset":[10],"these":[12],"focuses":[15],"on":[16,26,68],"methods":[17],"for":[18,81],"creating":[19],"groups":[20,49],"whose":[21],"members":[22],"are":[23],"similar":[24,51],"based":[25],"some":[27],"specific":[28],"attribute(s).":[29],"The":[30],"blockmodel":[31,65],"problem":[32],"has":[33],"as":[34],"its":[35],"objective":[36],"to":[37,42,63,94],"group":[38],"objects":[39],"in":[40,97],"order":[41],"obtain":[43],"a":[44,56,75],"small":[45],"number":[46],"large":[48],"nodes.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54,83],"paper,":[55],"grouping":[57],"genetic":[58],"algorithm":[59],"(GGA)":[60],"is":[61,77],"applied":[62],"problem.":[66,86],"Testing":[67],"numerous":[69],"examples":[70],"from":[71],"literature":[73],"indicates":[74],"GGA":[76,89],"an":[78],"appropriate":[79],"tool":[80],"solving":[82],"type":[84],"Specifically,":[87],"our":[88],"provides":[90],"good":[91],"solutions,":[92],"even":[93],"large-size":[95],"problems,":[96],"reasonable":[98],"computational":[99],"time.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}