{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160320723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572","title":"LOC-SAC: A Lyapunov-Guided Online Collaborative Offloading Strategy With the SAC Algorithm","display_name":"LOC-SAC: A Lyapunov-Guided Online Collaborative Offloading Strategy With the SAC Algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160320723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135405927","display_name":"Peiyan Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75955062","display_name":"Henan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s13br28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiyan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-1194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135327621","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135384460","display_name":"Xiaoyan Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75955062","display_name":"Henan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s13br28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-6244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75955062"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052692331","display_name":"C D Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0295-3468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135404083","display_name":"Hu Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-6843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53638475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"588","last_page":"603"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.8831999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.8831999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.020899999886751175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-optimization","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","score":0.8812000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5572999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue-management-system","display_name":"Queue management system","score":0.3490999937057495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.8812000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.829800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5572999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128220111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4531011","display_name":"Queue management system","level":3,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201511382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16801758","display_name":"Multilevel queue","level":4,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196921405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786431","display_name":"Online algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776829284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341651","display_name":"Lyapunov stability","level":3,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2026.3687572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9014420509338379,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5370981658","display_name":"\u8fb9\u7f18\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u611f\u77e5\u6570\u636e\u534f\u4f5c\u5378\u8f7d\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62072159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lyapunov":[0,34,78,128],"optimization":[1,79],"plays":[2],"a":[3,118,127,139,183],"pivotal":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,43,58,211],"stabilizing":[7],"systems":[8],"and":[9,47,71,89,106,126,177,201,208],"reducing":[10],"energy":[11,136,179],"consumption":[12,180],"for":[13],"online":[14,212],"collaborative":[15,213],"computing":[16],"offloading.":[17],"However,":[18],"existing":[19],"studies":[20],"have":[21],"encountered":[22],"the":[23,29,39,53,60,77,85,91,95,100,107,114,134,147,152,156,195],"issue":[24],"of":[25,55,63,94,103,151],"instantaneous":[26],"greediness":[27],"during":[28],"transformation":[30],"process":[31],"based":[32,112],"on":[33,113],"optimization,":[35],"primarily":[36],"due":[37],"to":[38,68,83,132,158,173,204],"continuous":[40],"operations":[41],"involved":[42],"queue":[44,65,87,115,124,175],"length":[45],"calculations":[46],"local":[48],"optimizations.":[49],"This":[50],"study":[51],"investigates":[52],"application":[54],"soft":[56],"actor-critic":[57],"optimizing":[59],"objective":[61,97],"function":[62,150],"Lyapunov-guided":[64],"models,":[66],"aiming":[67],"achieve":[69,159],"long-term":[70,160],"globally":[72],"optimal":[73,185],"offloading":[74,169,215],"decisions.":[75],"Firstly,":[76],"framework":[80],"is":[81,130,144,171],"employed":[82],"build":[84],"service":[86,168,214],"model":[88],"derive":[90],"upper":[92],"bound":[93],"system":[96,101,135,148,157],"function.":[98],"Secondly,":[99],"action":[102],"resource":[104],"allocation":[105],"state":[108],"space":[109],"are":[110],"constructed":[111],"model.":[116],"Moreover,":[117],"deep":[119],"reinforcement":[120],"learning":[121],"problem":[122],"involving":[123],"change":[125],"drift-plus-penalty":[129],"formulated":[131],"minimize":[133,178],"consumption.":[137],"Thirdly,":[138],"queue-based":[140],"internal":[141],"discount":[142],"factor":[143],"integrated":[145],"into":[146],"reward":[149],"SAC":[153],"algorithm,":[154],"enabling":[155],"gains":[161],"more":[162],"efficiently.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"an":[165],"adaptive":[166],"cloud-edge":[167],"strategy":[170,197],"proposed":[172,196],"ensure":[174],"stability":[176],"without":[181],"necessitating":[182],"locally":[184],"solution":[186],"at":[187],"each":[188],"time":[189],"slot.":[190],"Experimental":[191],"results":[192],"demonstrate":[193],"that":[194],"exhibits":[198],"superior":[199],"scalability":[200],"robustness":[202],"compared":[203],"other":[205],"state-of":[206],"the-art":[207],"baseline":[209],"approaches":[210],"systems.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
