{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410886860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935","title":"q-Point: A Numeric Format for Quantum Circuit Simulation Using Polar Form Complex Numbers","display_name":"q-Point: A Numeric Format for Quantum Circuit Simulation Using Polar Form Complex Numbers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410886860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111947228","display_name":"Seungwoo Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seungwoo Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2162-8993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109638632","display_name":"Enhyeok Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7034-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enhyeok Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7034-6793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100337308","display_name":"Youngmin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8346-4830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngmin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8346-4830","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sungwoo Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5720-9026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungwoo Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5720-9026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017913155","display_name":"Won Woo Ro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-6445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won Woo Ro","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-6445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111947228"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88620827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"1142","last_page":"1155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7706153392791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.46971601247787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.44765931367874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.4395189881324768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37866103649139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3655460476875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.3600037693977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3367481827735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1139339804649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1126096248626709}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7706153392791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.46971601247787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.44765931367874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.4395189881324768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37866103649139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3655460476875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.3600037693977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3367481827735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1139339804649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1126096248626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2025.3572935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568345435","https://openalex.org/W2036604884","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2072969317","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2161685427","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2482126025","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2607213325","https://openalex.org/W2754868542","https://openalex.org/W2789114820","https://openalex.org/W2798434869","https://openalex.org/W2963481762","https://openalex.org/W2981261716","https://openalex.org/W2982169647","https://openalex.org/W2986871396","https://openalex.org/W2990961515","https://openalex.org/W3003732914","https://openalex.org/W3025214758","https://openalex.org/W3098268180","https://openalex.org/W3099332271","https://openalex.org/W3100111077","https://openalex.org/W3100200555","https://openalex.org/W3103654209","https://openalex.org/W3104413728","https://openalex.org/W3108987040","https://openalex.org/W3109010114","https://openalex.org/W3128354053","https://openalex.org/W3157401874","https://openalex.org/W3159270337","https://openalex.org/W3216083257","https://openalex.org/W4280598030","https://openalex.org/W4283019099","https://openalex.org/W4288346545","https://openalex.org/W4289606390","https://openalex.org/W4289743945","https://openalex.org/W4318541624","https://openalex.org/W4396986598"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092880073","https://openalex.org/W2885615566","https://openalex.org/W4403617990","https://openalex.org/W1973916483","https://openalex.org/W1996076013","https://openalex.org/W4245585954","https://openalex.org/W2065102984","https://openalex.org/W2025479331","https://openalex.org/W2149101979","https://openalex.org/W3186443608"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"circuit":[1,17,83,99],"simulation":[2,18,84,100,155,158,162,220,246],"is":[3],"playing":[4],"a":[5,68,93,140,169,200],"critical":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,80,193],"the":[9,29,37,49,53,62,73,76,81,144,148,180,190,214,227,231,235],"current":[10],"era":[11],"of":[12,31,56,67,75,107,120,143,226,241],"quantum":[13,16,58,82,98],"computing.":[14],"However,":[15,139],"suffers":[19],"from":[20],"huge":[21],"memory":[22,50,87,228],"requirements":[23],"that":[24,36,101,173,202],"scale":[25],"exponentially":[26],"according":[27],"to":[28,48,111,150,184,189],"number":[30,40,70],"qubits.":[32],"Our":[33],"observation":[34],"reveals":[35],"conventional":[38],"complex":[39,69,77,113,196],"representation":[41,105,110],"using":[42,61,223,230],"real":[43],"and":[44,64,157,207,243,249],"imaginary":[45],"values":[46,78],"adds":[47],"overhead":[51],"beyond":[52],"intrinsic":[54],"cost":[55],"simulating":[57],"states.":[59],"Instead,":[60],"radius":[63,127,132],"phase":[65,137],"value":[66,128,133],"better":[71,86],"reflects":[72],"properties":[74],"used":[79],"providing":[85],"efficiency.":[88],"This":[89],"paper":[90],"proposes":[91],"q-Point,":[92],"compact":[94],"numeric":[95],"format":[96,118,146,217,237],"for":[97,126,131,136,247],"utilizes":[102],"polar":[103,194,206],"form":[104,109,195],"instead":[106],"rectangular":[108,208],"store":[112],"numbers.":[114],"The":[115],"proposed":[116,215],"q-Point":[117,145,216,236],"consists":[119],"three":[121],"fields:":[122],"[i)]":[123],"exponent":[124,181],"bits":[125,130,135,177],"mantissa":[129,134,176],"value.":[138],"naive":[141],"application":[142],"has":[147],"potential":[149],"cause":[151],"issues":[152],"with":[153,164,211],"both":[154,205],"accuracy":[156,163,221],"speed.":[159],"To":[160],"preserve":[161],"fewer":[165],"bits,":[166],"we":[167,198],"use":[168,199],"multi-level":[170],"encoding":[171],"scheme":[172],"employs":[174],"different":[175],"depending":[178],"on":[179],"range.":[182],"Additionally,":[183,234],"prevent":[185],"possible":[186],"slowdown":[187],"due":[188],"add":[191],"operation":[192],"numbers,":[197],"technique":[201],"adaptively":[203],"applies":[204],"forms.":[209],"Equipped":[210],"these":[212],"optimizations,":[213],"demonstrates":[218],"reasonable":[219],"while":[222],"only":[224],"half":[225],"requirement":[229],"baseline":[232],"format.":[233],"enables":[238],"an":[239],"average":[240],"1.37\u00d7":[242],"1.16\u00d7":[244],"faster":[245],"QAOA":[248],"VQE":[250],"benchmark":[251],"circuits.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}