{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403390502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193","title":"QuripfeNet: Quantum-Resistant IPFE-Based Neural Network","display_name":"QuripfeNet: Quantum-Resistant IPFE-Based Neural Network","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403390502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016402299","display_name":"KyungHyun Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-0441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KyungHyun Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-0441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072449504","display_name":"Wai\u2010Kong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-8979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931681460","display_name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","ror":"https://ror.org/050pq4m56","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wai-Kong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-8979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931681460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044163841","display_name":"Angshuman Karmakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-588X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angshuman Karmakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008993851","display_name":"Myung-Kyu Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-4523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myung-Kyu Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-4523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086844518","display_name":"Seong Oun Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4240-6255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong Oun Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4240-6255","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6109,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74483555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"640","last_page":"653"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7741388082504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4923645257949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.46696144342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.45819172263145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22593826055526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09065479040145874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7741388082504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4923645257949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.46696144342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.45819172263145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22593826055526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09065479040145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2024.3479193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1197056321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00451320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7917239216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00340882","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W209244779","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2395093458","https://openalex.org/W2604714373","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2794753592","https://openalex.org/W2889153834","https://openalex.org/W2972445886","https://openalex.org/W2982499393","https://openalex.org/W2986383239","https://openalex.org/W3087775622","https://openalex.org/W3127970425","https://openalex.org/W3152986485","https://openalex.org/W4226307244","https://openalex.org/W4285208040","https://openalex.org/W4308560118","https://openalex.org/W4361998758","https://openalex.org/W4362660113","https://openalex.org/W4393924697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,48,138],"order":[1],"to":[2,57,106,111,150,162,173,184],"protect":[3,58],"the":[4,43,53,95,135,163,167,175,185],"sensitive":[5],"information":[6],"in":[7,94,130],"many":[8],"applications":[9],"involving":[10],"neural":[11,15,29,59,89,109],"networks,":[12],"several":[13],"privacy-preserving":[14,28],"networks":[16,30],"that":[17,92,119],"operate":[18,93],"on":[19,34,63,76],"encrypted":[20],"data":[21],"have":[22],"been":[23],"developed.":[24],"Unfortunately,":[25],"existing":[26],"encryption-based":[27],"are":[31,39],"mainly":[32],"built":[33],"classical":[35],"cryptography":[36,78],"primitives,":[37],"which":[38,83,158,178],"not":[40,85],"secure":[41,103],"from":[42],"threat":[44],"of":[45,156],"quantum":[46],"computing.":[47],"this":[49,113],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"propose":[52,100],"first":[54],"quantum-resistant":[55],"solution":[56],"network":[60,90,110],"inferences":[61],"based":[62,75],"an":[64,148],"inner-product":[65],"functional":[66,72],"encryption":[67,73],"scheme.":[68],"The":[69,123],"selected":[70],"state-of-the-art":[71],"scheme":[74],"lattice-based":[77],"works":[79],"with":[80,88,116],"integer-type":[81],"inputs,":[82],"is":[84,159,179],"directly":[86],"compatible":[87],"computations":[91],"floating":[96],"point":[97],"domain.":[98],"We":[99],"a":[101,108,117,139],"polynomial-based":[102],"convolution":[104],"layer":[105],"allow":[107],"resolve":[112],"problem,":[114],"along":[115],"technique":[118],"reduces":[120],"memory":[121],"consumption.":[122],"proposed":[124],"solution,":[125],"named":[126],"QuripfeNet,":[127],"was":[128],"applied":[129],"LeNet-5":[131],"and":[132],"evaluated":[133],"using":[134],"MNIST":[136],"dataset.":[137],"single-threaded":[140],"implementation":[141],"(CPU),":[142],"QuripfeNet":[143,169],"took":[144,170],"107.4":[145],"seconds":[146,172],"for":[147],"inference":[149],"classify":[151],"one":[152],"image,":[153],"achieving":[154],"accuracy":[155],"97.85%,":[157],"very":[160],"close":[161],"unencrypted":[164],"version.":[165,187],"Additionally,":[166],"GPU-optimized":[168],"25.9":[171],"complete":[174],"same":[176],"task,":[177],"improved":[180],"by":[181],"4.15\u00d7":[182],"compared":[183],"CPU":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}