{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203393716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","title":"Quick Generation of SSD Performance Models Using Machine Learning","display_name":"Quick Generation of SSD Performance Models Using Machine Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203393716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","mag":"3203393716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004531930","display_name":"Mojtaba Tarihi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-3345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Tarihi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051779867","display_name":"Soheil Azadvar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-0974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soheil Azadvar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006337934","display_name":"Arash Tavakkol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3859-1259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arash Tavakkol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088069234","display_name":"Hossein Asadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0264-3865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Asadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040238844","display_name":"Hamid Sarbazi\u2010Azad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4079-8603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146419","display_name":"Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04xreqs31","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146419"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Sarbazi-Azad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","School of Computer Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004531930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66015438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"1821","last_page":"1836"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9642000198364258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8742918372154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.6387646198272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sync","display_name":"sync","score":0.548815906047821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.5214221477508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5141211152076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4828122556209564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3987066149711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.15945091843605042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.1525302231311798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.13585171103477478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8742918372154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.6387646198272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3913047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956265","display_name":"sync","level":3,"score":0.548815906047821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.5214221477508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5141211152076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4828122556209564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3987066149711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.15945091843605042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.1525302231311798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.13585171103477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2021.3116197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321157","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1672988363","https://openalex.org/W1929673217","https://openalex.org/W1992637347","https://openalex.org/W2001897379","https://openalex.org/W2006425633","https://openalex.org/W2028661945","https://openalex.org/W2028825984","https://openalex.org/W2029118431","https://openalex.org/W2036325170","https://openalex.org/W2047128326","https://openalex.org/W2053359564","https://openalex.org/W2053841991","https://openalex.org/W2079369525","https://openalex.org/W2080114533","https://openalex.org/W2097461439","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2101343419","https://openalex.org/W2102209672","https://openalex.org/W2106436364","https://openalex.org/W2109744883","https://openalex.org/W2113419092","https://openalex.org/W2118811116","https://openalex.org/W2136225018","https://openalex.org/W2137914635","https://openalex.org/W2145574464","https://openalex.org/W2164705534","https://openalex.org/W2166041724","https://openalex.org/W2240667924","https://openalex.org/W2341760625","https://openalex.org/W2346532327","https://openalex.org/W2399211437","https://openalex.org/W2605420905","https://openalex.org/W2774342683","https://openalex.org/W2791844663","https://openalex.org/W2904335027","https://openalex.org/W2913590813","https://openalex.org/W3109073683","https://openalex.org/W3119951918","https://openalex.org/W4295312788","https://openalex.org/W6637268837","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6677677767","https://openalex.org/W6680267384","https://openalex.org/W6749289006","https://openalex.org/W6766978945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2524993630","https://openalex.org/W2063547430","https://openalex.org/W2607244263","https://openalex.org/W2234430299","https://openalex.org/W2982321410","https://openalex.org/W2536863148","https://openalex.org/W1831690014","https://openalex.org/W1561022130","https://openalex.org/W2039069990","https://openalex.org/W2107806761"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increasing":[0],"usage":[1],"of":[2,11,72,116,142,238,261,291,311],"<i>Solid-State":[3],"Drives</i>":[4],"(SSDs)":[5],"has":[6,79,323],"greatly":[7],"boosted":[8],"the":[9,68,299,319],"performance":[10,64,106],"storage":[12,153],"backends.":[13],"SSDs":[14],"perform":[15,145],"many":[16],"internal":[17],"processes":[18],"such":[19,150,172],"as":[20,140,151,173],"out-of-place":[21],"writes,":[22],"wear-leveling,":[23],"and":[24,31,60,128,165,169,185,193,218,274,296,302,331],"garbage":[25],"collection.":[26],"These":[27],"operations":[28],"are":[29],"complex":[30,50],"not":[32,56],"well":[33],"documented":[34],"which":[35,78],"make":[36,189],"it":[37,326,338],"difficult":[38],"to":[39,82,103,120,129,177,225,231,294],"create":[40],"accurate":[41],"SSD":[42,53,76,105],"simulators.":[43],"Our":[44,247],"survey":[45],"indicates":[46,313],"that":[47,96,108,144,205],"aside":[48],"from":[49,159,253],"configuration,":[51],"available":[52],"simulators":[54],"do":[55],"support":[57],"both":[58],"<i>sync</i>":[59,163],"<i>discard</i>":[61,166],"requests.":[62],"Past":[63],"models":[65,107,204],"also":[66],"ignore":[67],"long":[69],"term":[70],"effect":[71],"I/O":[73,167],"requests":[74,168,240,251],"on":[75,93,201,210,281],"performance,":[77],"been":[80],"demonstrated":[81],"be":[83,138,207,333],"significant.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86],"article,":[87],"we":[88,156,199,221],"utilize":[89,222],"a":[90,211,234,244,314],"methodology":[91,191],"based":[92],"machine":[94,202,262],"learning":[95,203,263],"extracts":[97],"history-aware":[98],"features":[99,158],"at":[100],"low":[101],"cost":[102],"train":[104],"predict":[109],"request":[110],"response":[111],"times.":[112],"A":[113],"key":[114],"goal":[115],"our":[117,135,190],"work":[118,136],"is":[119],"achieve":[121,130],"real-time":[122],"or":[123,147],"near-real":[124],"time":[125],"feature":[126,223,227,235],"extraction":[127,236],"practical":[131],"training":[132],"times":[133],"so":[134],"can":[137,206,332],"considered":[139],"part":[141],"solutions":[143],"online":[146,197,343],"periodical":[148],"characterization":[149],"adaptive":[152],"algorithms.":[154],"Thus,":[155],"extract":[157],"individual":[160],"read,":[161],"write,":[162],",":[164],"use":[170,341],"structures":[171],"exponentially":[174],"decaying":[175],"counters":[176],"track":[178],"past":[179],"activity":[180],"using":[181,243],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[182,288,306],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(1)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[183],"memory":[184,219],"processing":[186,217,329],"cost.":[187],"To":[188,214],"accessible":[192],"usable":[194],"in":[195,342],"real-world":[196],"scenarios,":[198],"focus":[200],"trained":[208,334],"quickly":[209],"single":[212,245],"machine.":[213],"massively":[215],"reduce":[216,226],"cost,":[220],"selection":[224],"count":[228],"by":[229],"up":[230],"63%,":[232],"allowing":[233],"rate":[237],"313,000":[239],"per":[241],"second":[242],"thread.":[246],"dataset":[248],"contains":[249],"580M":[250],"taken":[252],"35":[254],"workloads.":[255],"We":[256],"experiment":[257],"with":[258],"three":[259],"families":[260],"models,":[264],"a)":[265],"decision":[266,272],"trees,":[267,273],"b)":[268],"ensemble":[269],"methods":[270],"utilizing":[271],"c)":[275],"<i>Feedforward":[276],"Neural":[277],"Networks</i>":[278],"(FNN).":[279],"Based":[280],"these":[282],"experiments,":[283],"FNN":[284],"achieves":[285],"an":[286],"average":[287],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[289],"score":[290],"0.72":[292],"compared":[293],"0.61":[295],"0.45":[297],"for":[298,340],"Random":[300],"Forest":[301],"Bagging,":[303],"respectively,":[304],"where":[305],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R^2":[307],"\\in":[308],"(-\\inf,":[309],"1)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[310],"1":[312],"perfect":[315],"fit.":[316],"However,":[317],"while":[318],"random":[320],"forest":[321],"model":[322],"lower":[324],"accuracy,":[325],"uses":[327],"general":[328],"hardware":[330],"much":[335],"faster,":[336],"making":[337],"viable":[339],"scenarios.":[344]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}