{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2971471607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","title":"Public Service Models: A Systematic Literature Review and Synthesis","display_name":"Public Service Models: A Systematic Literature Review and Synthesis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2971471607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","mag":"2971471607"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053872557","display_name":"Alexandros Gerontas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-9717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ALEXANDROS GERONTAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056483007","display_name":"Vassilios Peristeras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4889-3333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183898223","display_name":"International Hellenic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00708jp83","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183898223"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VASSILIOS PERISTERAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183898223"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055442008","display_name":"Efthimios Tambouris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-9788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"EFTHIMIOS TAMBOURIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-9788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005650489","display_name":"Eleni Kaliva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-4299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ELENI KALIVA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-4299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Informatics Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052257502","display_name":"Ioannis Magnisalis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4122-5508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183898223","display_name":"International Hellenic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00708jp83","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183898223"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"IOANNIS MAGNISALIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183898223"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071366959","display_name":"Konstantinos Tarabanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-2113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KONSTANINOS TARABANIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Administration Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-2113","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Administration Department, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053872557"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.0119,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98762888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"637","last_page":"648"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.8186632394790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6791818141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European union","score":0.5111032128334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.49945998191833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4713413417339325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.4498039782047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.43303483724594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication","display_name":"Publication","score":0.4108809530735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.32860833406448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3232254981994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2275395691394806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22604966163635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.18505054712295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1055220365524292}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.8186632394790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6791818141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.5111032128334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.49945998191833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4713413417339325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.4498039782047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.43303483724594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41458344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732577","display_name":"Publication","level":2,"score":0.4108809530735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32860833406448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3232254981994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2275395691394806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22604966163635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.18505054712295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1055220365524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2019.2939485","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493696227","https://openalex.org/W1504822385","https://openalex.org/W1871533587","https://openalex.org/W1912307690","https://openalex.org/W1992967779","https://openalex.org/W2009448363","https://openalex.org/W2012887051","https://openalex.org/W2063763482","https://openalex.org/W2076412143","https://openalex.org/W2083893814","https://openalex.org/W2084169128","https://openalex.org/W2096302349","https://openalex.org/W2103911423","https://openalex.org/W2106562972","https://openalex.org/W2111628838","https://openalex.org/W2115736016","https://openalex.org/W2142342696","https://openalex.org/W2385123169","https://openalex.org/W2804769198","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4390787827","https://openalex.org/W6639074065","https://openalex.org/W6675355484","https://openalex.org/W6676235441","https://openalex.org/W6710265671","https://openalex.org/W6773555644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093262417","https://openalex.org/W2123131699","https://openalex.org/W913131694","https://openalex.org/W650116260","https://openalex.org/W2378329187","https://openalex.org/W4390790060","https://openalex.org/W1603423477","https://openalex.org/W3209454962","https://openalex.org/W2314257840","https://openalex.org/W2365800294"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,80,85,156,171,192],"last":[2],"decades,":[3],"public":[4,12],"authorities":[5],"worldwide":[6],"have":[7],"invested":[8],"heavily":[9],"in":[10,61,122],"electronic":[11,199],"services":[13],"(PSs).":[14],"This":[15,59],"includes":[16],"efforts":[17,31],"for":[18,24,44,105,195],"publishing":[19],"information":[20],"about":[21],"PSs":[22],"and":[23,75,107,120,129,182,188,197],"providing":[25],"online":[26],"PSs.":[27,48,200],"Each":[28],"of":[29,70,114,170],"these":[30],"is":[32,77,117,138],"based":[33],"on":[34],"an":[35],"underlying":[36],"PS":[37,51,95,127,149],"Model,":[38],"i.e.,":[39],"a":[40,62,93,123,167],"data":[41,176],"model":[42,173,194],"developed":[43],"describing":[45],"and/or":[46],"developing":[47],"Although":[49],"many":[50],"models":[52,128],"exist,":[53],"none":[54],"has":[55,99],"been":[56,101],"universally":[57],"accepted.":[58],"resulted":[60],"fragmented":[63],"landscape":[64],"where":[65],"resources":[66],"are":[67],"wasted,":[68],"economies":[69],"scale":[71],"cannot":[72],"be":[73,142],"achieved,":[74],"interoperability":[76],"hampered.":[78],"Recently,":[79],"European":[81],"Union":[82],"(EU)":[83],"launched":[84],"Core":[86],"Public":[87],"Service":[88],"Vocabulary-Application":[89],"Profile":[90],"(CPSV-AP)":[91],"as":[92],"reference":[94],"model.":[96],"However,":[97],"CPSV-AP":[98,137,159],"not":[100],"thoroughly":[102],"evaluated":[103],"yet":[104],"comprehensiveness":[106],"compliance":[108],"with":[109,132,145],"EU":[110,162],"policies.":[111,163],"The":[112],"aim":[113],"this":[115],"work":[116],"to":[118,177],"identify":[119],"analyze":[121],"systematic":[124],"way":[125],"existing":[126],"compare":[130],"them":[131],"CPSV-AP.":[133],"We":[134,151],"conclude":[135],"that":[136,155],"comprehensive":[139],"but":[140],"can":[141],"further":[143],"enriched":[144,158,172,193],"concepts":[146],"from":[147],"other":[148],"models.":[150],"also":[152],"provide":[153],"evidence":[154],"proposed":[157],"better":[160],"supports":[161],"Finally,":[164],"we":[165],"present":[166],"proof-of-concept":[168],"pilot":[169],"using":[174],"linked":[175],"demonstrate":[178],"its":[179],"technical":[180],"feasibility":[181],"added":[183],"value.":[184],"Researchers,":[185],"policy":[186],"makers":[187],"practitioners":[189],"could":[190],"use":[191],"conceptualizing":[196],"implementing":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}