{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2791827614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","title":"Private machine learning classification based on fully homomorphic encryption","display_name":"Private machine learning classification based on fully homomorphic encryption","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2791827614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","mag":"2791827614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035374472","display_name":"Xiaoqiang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-4030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqiang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364209","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0228-9330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023687478","display_name":"Joseph K. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6656-6240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph K. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101778766","display_name":"Jianping Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-104X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108515305","display_name":"Weixin Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7747-0348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixin Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Key Laboratory of National Defense Technology, College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1144,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":127,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97898402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.9354797601699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7752066850662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.6515151262283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext","display_name":"Plaintext","score":0.5358878970146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5065454244613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.48243269324302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplicative-function","display_name":"Multiplicative function","score":0.4565652310848236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4303470253944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4028577506542206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36006617546081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3573738932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.336002916097641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1922120451927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17453789710998535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.9354797601699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7752066850662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.6515151262283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92717368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162538","display_name":"Plaintext","level":3,"score":0.5358878970146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5065454244613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.48243269324302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42747912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048447","display_name":"Multiplicative function","level":2,"score":0.4565652310848236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4303470253944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4028577506542206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36006617546081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3573738932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.336002916097641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1922120451927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17453789710998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2018.2794611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2496326734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","issn_l":"2168-6750","issn":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4009325878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702342, 61702341, 61602316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330400","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W150223756","https://openalex.org/W236632755","https://openalex.org/W805707617","https://openalex.org/W913176383","https://openalex.org/W1494049356","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1966731635","https://openalex.org/W1974132496","https://openalex.org/W1980100452","https://openalex.org/W1992282993","https://openalex.org/W2014784356","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2031738616","https://openalex.org/W2038761522","https://openalex.org/W2043944888","https://openalex.org/W2098290658","https://openalex.org/W2099739670","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2106970188","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2152926062","https://openalex.org/W2158112071","https://openalex.org/W2160086663","https://openalex.org/W2176745559","https://openalex.org/W2233194383","https://openalex.org/W2261315131","https://openalex.org/W2264699053","https://openalex.org/W2295445672","https://openalex.org/W2336376330","https://openalex.org/W2344059291","https://openalex.org/W2401959250","https://openalex.org/W2427517674","https://openalex.org/W2492687001","https://openalex.org/W2495314241","https://openalex.org/W2551083389","https://openalex.org/W2579747677","https://openalex.org/W2733832709","https://openalex.org/W2950800519","https://openalex.org/W6606067566","https://openalex.org/W6629510986","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2947510282","https://openalex.org/W2363701519","https://openalex.org/W3028898974","https://openalex.org/W2997530193","https://openalex.org/W2292786713","https://openalex.org/W2942137924","https://openalex.org/W3212491810","https://openalex.org/W2384844478","https://openalex.org/W1755636270","https://openalex.org/W4236344152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"learning":[1,30],"classification":[2,31,133,138,191],"is":[3,54,91,113,157],"an":[4,46],"useful":[5],"tool":[6],"for":[7],"trend":[8],"prediction":[9],"by":[10,141],"analyzing":[11],"big":[12],"data.":[13],"As":[14],"supporting":[15],"homomorphic":[16,24,115,118,125,143,146,150],"operations":[17],"over":[18],"encrypted":[19],"data":[20],"without":[21,32],"decryption,":[22],"fully":[23],"encryption":[25],"(FHE)":[26],"contributes":[27],"to":[28,80,93,161,169],"machine":[29],"leaking":[33],"user":[34],"privacy,":[35],"especially":[36],"in":[37,120],"the":[38,71,77,82,87,95,101,121,153,165,179],"outsouring":[39],"scenario.":[40],"In":[41,148],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44,74,104],"propose":[45],"improved":[47],"FHE":[48,56,62,167,183],"scheme":[49,168,184],"based":[50,59],"on":[51,60,67],"HElib,":[52],"which":[53],"a":[55],"library":[57],"implemented":[58,140],"Brakerski's":[61],"scheme.":[63],"Our":[64],"improvement":[65],"focuses":[66],"two":[68,197],"aspects.":[69],"On":[70,100],"one":[72],"hand,":[73,103],"first":[75],"use":[76],"relinearization":[78,107],"technique":[79,90],"reduce":[81,94],"ciphertext":[83],"size,":[84],"and":[85,97,108,134,144,185],"then":[86],"modulus":[88,96,109],"switching":[89,110],"used":[92],"decryption":[98],"noise.":[99],"other":[102,196],"need":[105],"no":[106,117],"if":[111],"there":[112],"additive":[114,142],"or":[116],"operation":[119],"multiplicative":[122,145],"ciphertext's":[123],"next":[124],"operation.":[126],"Homomorphic":[127],"comparison":[128,151],"protocol,":[129,152],"private":[130,135,171,188],"hyperplane":[131],"decision-based":[132],"Na\u00efve":[136],"Bayes":[137],"are":[139,192],"first.":[147],"our":[149,182],"number":[154],"of":[155,181,187],"interactions":[156],"reduced":[158],"from":[159],"3":[160],"1.":[162],"We":[163],"choose":[164],"proposed":[166],"implement":[170],"decision":[172,189],"tree":[173,190],"classification.":[174],"Simulation":[175],"results":[176],"show":[177],"that":[178],"efficiency":[180],"implementation":[186],"more":[193],"efficient":[194],"than":[195],"schemes.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
