{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2569509011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/test.2016.7805855","title":"Machine learning-based defense against process-aware attacks on Industrial Control Systems","display_name":"Machine learning-based defense against process-aware attacks on Industrial Control Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2569509011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/test.2016.7805855","mag":"2569509011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/test.2016.7805855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/test.2016.7805855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020631028","display_name":"Anastasis Keliris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastasis Keliris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051721467","display_name":"Hossein Salehghaffari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Salehghaffari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011081265","display_name":"Brian Cairl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Cairl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054769060","display_name":"P. Krishnamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-7972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashanth Krishnamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043325974","display_name":"Michail Maniatakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michail Maniatakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082413942","display_name":"Farshad Khorrami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8418-004X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farshad Khorrami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0208,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97134448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2016","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.7572376728057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7527133226394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.7224558591842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7061069011688232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6522835493087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5390158891677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4916401505470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticality","display_name":"Criticality","score":0.46471890807151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4155198931694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.37931394577026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34588250517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21977773308753967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.13393592834472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11676466464996338}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.7572376728057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7527133226394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.7224558591842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7061069011688232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6522835493087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5390158891677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4916401505470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.46471890807151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4155198931694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.37931394577026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34588250517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21977773308753967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.13393592834472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11676466464996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/test.2016.7805855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/test.2016.7805855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Test Conference (ITC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:2745777707","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/public/201702226915228497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157492013","https://openalex.org/W595382476","https://openalex.org/W614439651","https://openalex.org/W1988801276","https://openalex.org/W1993619428","https://openalex.org/W1997177391","https://openalex.org/W2003530067","https://openalex.org/W2004186751","https://openalex.org/W2036057524","https://openalex.org/W2048407872","https://openalex.org/W2056451850","https://openalex.org/W2061243822","https://openalex.org/W2143842190","https://openalex.org/W2293320685","https://openalex.org/W2496449044","https://openalex.org/W2505131946","https://openalex.org/W2619874920","https://openalex.org/W6619309708","https://openalex.org/W6738520201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036697162","https://openalex.org/W2332386680","https://openalex.org/W2248621902","https://openalex.org/W2152286062","https://openalex.org/W2415114992","https://openalex.org/W2076723621","https://openalex.org/W2150641169","https://openalex.org/W2904439179","https://openalex.org/W3123953333","https://openalex.org/W4283702202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"modernization":[1],"of":[2,15,24,53,64,78,104,122,134,149],"Industrial":[3],"Control":[4],"Systems":[5],"(ICS),":[6],"primarily":[7],"targeting":[8,55],"increased":[9],"efficiency":[10],"and":[11,37,61,83,99,107],"controllability":[12],"through":[13],"integration":[14],"Information":[16],"Technologies":[17],"(IT),":[18],"introduced":[19],"the":[20,26,41,50,59,79,101,119,123,127,132],"unwanted":[21],"side":[22],"effect":[23],"extending":[25],"ICS":[27,31],"cyber-security":[28],"threat":[29],"landscape.":[30],"are":[32,38,146],"facing":[33],"new":[34],"security":[35],"challenges":[36],"exposed":[39],"to":[40,58,70,142],"same":[42],"vulnerabilities":[43],"that":[44,75,145],"plague":[45],"IT,":[46],"as":[47,129,131],"demonstrated":[48],"by":[49],"increasing":[51],"number":[52],"incidents":[54],"ICS.":[56],"Due":[57],"criticality":[60],"unique":[62],"nature":[63],"these":[65],"systems,":[66],"it":[67],"is":[68],"important":[69],"devise":[71],"novel":[72],"defense":[73],"mechanisms":[74],"incorporate":[76],"knowledge":[77],"underlying":[80],"physical":[81],"model,":[82],"can":[84],"detect":[85,143],"attacks":[86,125],"in":[87,114],"early":[88,147],"phases.":[89],"To":[90],"this":[91],"end,":[92],"we":[93,137],"study":[94],"a":[95,115,139],"benchmark":[96],"chemical":[97],"process,":[98,128],"enumerate":[100],"various":[102],"categories":[103],"attack":[105],"vectors":[106],"their":[108],"practical":[109],"applicability":[110],"on":[111,126],"hardware":[112],"controllers":[113],"Hardware-In-The-Loop":[116],"testbed.":[117],"Leveraging":[118],"observed":[120],"implications":[121],"categorized":[124],"well":[130],"profile":[133],"typical":[135],"disturbances,":[136],"follow":[138],"data-driven":[140],"approach":[141],"anomalies":[144],"indicators":[148],"malicious":[150],"activity.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}