{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3113518727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","title":"FPGA-based Features Extraction Sensor for Lettuce Crop","display_name":"FPGA-based Features Extraction Sensor for Lettuce Crop","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3113518727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","mag":"3113518727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE REGION 10 CONFERENCE (TENCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051029305","display_name":"Maverick Jonas G. Adonis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maverick Jonas G. Adonis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053960888","display_name":"Renzo S. Forteza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renzo S. Forteza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044241823","display_name":"Alaine Richelle C. Ramos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaine Richelle C. Ramos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011476898","display_name":"Anastacia B. Alvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-367X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastacia B. Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110601472","display_name":"Maria Theresa G. de Leon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Theresa G. de Leon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112421035","display_name":"John Richard E. Hizon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Richard E. Hizon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017656458","display_name":"Maria Patricia Rouelli Sabino-Santos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Patricia Sabino-Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084887912","display_name":"Christopher Santos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher G. Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113873418","display_name":"Marc Rosales","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87074743","display_name":"University of the Philippines Diliman","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbh6y23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc D. Rosales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051029305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87074743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10059357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"269","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13292","display_name":"Embedded Systems and FPGA Applications","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7515336275100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6892232894897461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6544883251190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4994773864746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4696713387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.46559441089630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.42711037397384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.31702929735183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2474997341632843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7515336275100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6892232894897461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6544883251190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4994773864746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4696713387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.46559441089630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.42711037397384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.31702929735183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2474997341632843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon50793.2020.9293777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE REGION 10 CONFERENCE (TENCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64353715","https://openalex.org/W2047856484","https://openalex.org/W2058164160","https://openalex.org/W2085534331","https://openalex.org/W2161485361","https://openalex.org/W6602605177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111241003","https://openalex.org/W2355315220","https://openalex.org/W4200391368","https://openalex.org/W2210979487","https://openalex.org/W4251298892","https://openalex.org/W2074043759","https://openalex.org/W2316202402","https://openalex.org/W2356013541","https://openalex.org/W2082487009","https://openalex.org/W2385444679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1],"for":[2,43,72],"extracting":[3],"lettuce":[4,94],"phenotypic":[5],"features":[6],"using":[7,57],"an":[8,21,51,88],"ARTY":[9],"A7-35T":[10],"FPGA":[11,26,98,109],"platform":[12],"is":[13,17,48],"proposed.":[14],"Image":[15],"acquisition":[16,144],"done":[18,49],"by":[19],"interfacing":[20],"OV7670":[22],"CMOS":[23],"camera":[24],"with":[25,111,124,134],"and":[27],"saving":[28],"image":[29,35,143],"data":[30],"on":[31,61,117],"DDR3":[32],"memory.":[33],"The":[34,97],"processing":[36],"techniques":[37],"firstly":[38],"involve":[39],"color":[40],"model":[41],"conversion":[42],"saturation":[44],"enhancement.":[45],"Then,":[46,78],"binarization":[47],"as":[50,87,113,115],"initial":[52],"step":[53],"in":[54,90],"background":[55],"discrimination,":[56],"a":[58,69,125,135],"threshold":[59],"value":[60,122],"the":[62,91,107,118],"green":[63],"channel":[64],"of":[65,81,93,102,106,139],"image.":[66],"To":[67],"construct":[68],"solid":[70],"figure":[71],"foreground,":[73],"morphological":[74],"transformations":[75],"are":[76,85],"implemented.":[77],"pixel":[79],"count":[80],"foreground":[82],"white":[83],"pixels":[84],"used":[86],"argument":[89],"computation":[92],"canopy":[95,120,146],"area.":[96],"implementation":[99],"consumes":[100],"85.89%":[101],"total":[103,136],"LUTs":[104],"resources":[105],"chosen":[108],"board":[110],"errors":[112],"low":[114],"1.28%":[116],"computed":[119],"area":[121,147],"compared":[123],"MATLAB":[126],"benchmark.":[127],"Power":[128],"consumption":[129],"reached":[130],"up":[131],"to":[132,145],"1.73W,":[133],"calculated":[137],"latency":[138],"596.51":[140],"ms":[141],"from":[142],"value.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}