{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995883469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","title":"Keystroke based User Identification with XGBoost","display_name":"Keystroke based User Identification with XGBoost","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995883469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","mag":"2995883469"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TENCON 2019 - 2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055394899","display_name":"Gutha Jaya Krishna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-6671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150312865","display_name":"Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ta0g865","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gutha Jaya Krishna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046035832","display_name":"Harshal Jaiswal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150312865","display_name":"Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ta0g865","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harshal Jaiswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110609569","display_name":"P. Sai Ravi Teja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150312865","display_name":"Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ta0g865","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Sai Ravi Teja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073505371","display_name":"Vadlamani Ravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-6227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150312865","display_name":"Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ta0g865","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vadlamani Ravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Excellence in Analytics, Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055394899"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150312865"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6957,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88850008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-dynamics","display_name":"Keystroke dynamics","score":0.9107270240783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7915412187576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6221336126327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6185585856437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6048539876937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-logging","display_name":"Keystroke logging","score":0.5953418612480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5903881192207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4892292022705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4697471261024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.45553043484687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-classification","display_name":"Probabilistic classification","score":0.41800329089164734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.41772282123565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.3775278925895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.35358840227127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.325680136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3165004849433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09646764397621155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79540074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269465","display_name":"Keystroke dynamics","level":4,"score":0.9107270240783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7915412187576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6221336126327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6185585856437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6048539876937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161615301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309396","display_name":"Keystroke logging","level":2,"score":0.5953418612480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5903881192207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4892292022705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4697471261024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.45553043484687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189119545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5128022","display_name":"Probabilistic classification","level":4,"score":0.41800329089164734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.41772282123565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.3775278925895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.35358840227127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.325680136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3165004849433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09646764397621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2019.8929453","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TENCON 2019 - 2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179179905","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1522547150","https://openalex.org/W1565201084","https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1744361872","https://openalex.org/W1964168965","https://openalex.org/W1968969471","https://openalex.org/W2045011071","https://openalex.org/W2058057352","https://openalex.org/W2086620637","https://openalex.org/W2098568369","https://openalex.org/W2100735004","https://openalex.org/W2107589078","https://openalex.org/W2109890574","https://openalex.org/W2150579376","https://openalex.org/W2170979474","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2306168307","https://openalex.org/W2594639291","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W6607259140","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6633798749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3127425528","https://openalex.org/W2979979539","https://openalex.org/W4316082230","https://openalex.org/W3170784702","https://openalex.org/W4308092048","https://openalex.org/W4200196661","https://openalex.org/W3211546796","https://openalex.org/W4294204255","https://openalex.org/W4294067781","https://openalex.org/W4283784365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"User":[0],"identification":[1,36,73,127,160],"or":[2,15,19,26],"recognition":[3],"based":[4,38],"on":[5,39,153],"keystrokes":[6],"is":[7,44,129],"the":[8,11,17,23,40,75,81,101,125,136,154,158],"ability":[9],"of":[10,77,151],"system":[12],"to":[13],"recognise":[14],"identify":[16,58],"persons":[18],"users":[20,86],"who":[21],"type":[22],"username,":[24],"passphrase":[25],"password":[27],"with":[28],"a":[29,47,117],"specific":[30],"keystroke":[31,41,82,89],"behaviour":[32,42],"patterns.":[33],"Therefore,":[34,162],"user":[35,72,126,140,159],"problem":[37,128],"patterns":[43],"posed":[45],"as":[46,100],"multi-class":[48,54],"classification":[49],"problem,":[50],"where":[51],"some":[52],"standard":[53],"machine":[55],"learning":[56],"techniques":[57,155],"multiple":[59],"users.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"employed":[65,156],"Extreme":[66],"Gradient":[67],"Boosting":[68],"(XGBoost)":[69],"technique":[70],"for":[71,124,139,157],"in":[74],"context":[76],"behavioral":[78],"biometrics":[79],"using":[80,94],"dynamics":[83,90],"features.":[84],"Multiple":[85],"from":[87],"CMU's":[88],"dataset":[91],"are":[92],"analysed":[93],"Machine":[95],"Learning":[96],"(ML)":[97],"Techniques":[98],"such":[99],"XGBoost,":[102],"Multinomial":[103,113],"Logistic":[104],"Regression,":[105],"Random":[106],"Forest,":[107],"Probabilistic":[108],"Neural":[109],"Network,":[110],"Decision":[111],"Tree,":[112],"Naive":[114],"Bayes":[115],"and":[116],"Multilayer":[118],"Perceptron.":[119],"The":[120],"performance":[121],"measure":[122],"utilised":[123],"accuracy.":[130],"We":[131,142],"observed":[132],"that":[133],"XGBoost":[134],"produced":[135],"highest":[137],"accuracy":[138],"identification.":[141],"also":[143],"performed":[144],"statistical":[145],"paired":[146],"t-Test":[147],"at":[148],"1%":[149],"level":[150],"significance":[152],"task.":[161],"our":[163],"results":[164],"were":[165],"corroborated":[166],"statistically":[167],"too.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
