{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417131365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2025.3641294","title":"Battery as a Service Versus Complete Vehicle Sales: A Perspective of Consumer Resale Anxiety","display_name":"Battery as a Service Versus Complete Vehicle Sales: A Perspective of Consumer Resale Anxiety","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417131365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2025.3641294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2025.3641294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2025.3641294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009126358","display_name":"Li Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6809-0610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137056471","display_name":"Nanjing University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/031y8am81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of International Economics and Business, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6809-0610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of International Economics and Business, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120725038","display_name":"Zhuoran Ge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137056471","display_name":"Nanjing University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/031y8am81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuoran Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of International Economics and Business, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4153-4609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of International Economics and Business, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050972553","display_name":"Xin Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-6869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-6869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiangyu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3657-8669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3657-8669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32675211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"683","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12617","display_name":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depreciation","display_name":"Depreciation (economics)","score":0.8935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6295999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4560999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95383336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4198710","display_name":"Depreciation (economics)","level":5,"score":0.8935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6295999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4560999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.3553999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110069716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076882","display_name":"Battery electric vehicle","level":4,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23213687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301468","display_name":"Consumer behaviour","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2025.3641294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2025.3641294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/117097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/117097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2044168978","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72271115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6499950549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72202196","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8825629379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72531009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Battery-as-a-Service":[0],"(BaaS)":[1],"strategy":[2,23,72],"is":[3,103,142],"viewed":[4],"as":[5,186],"a":[6,47,121,127,145,157,170],"promising":[7],"solution":[8],"to":[9,50,84,118,144,190],"alleviate":[10],"consumer":[11,176],"anxiety":[12],"about":[13],"the":[14,34,52,69,74,97,136,162,166,184,198],"future":[15],"depreciation":[16,40,99,138,172],"of":[17,37,54],"electric":[18,59],"vehicles":[19],"(EVs).":[20],"This":[21,44],"sales":[22,114],"involves":[24],"leasing":[25],"batteries":[26],"rather":[27],"than":[28,108],"selling":[29],"them":[30],"outright,":[31],"thereby":[32],"mitigating":[33],"negative":[35],"impact":[36,53],"rapid":[38],"battery":[39,150,167],"on":[41,56],"vehicle":[42,132,193],"value.":[43],"paper":[45],"develops":[46],"game-theoretic":[48],"model":[49],"investigate":[51],"BaaS":[55,75,88,102,116,141,153],"competition":[57],"between":[58,68],"and":[60,73,195],"fuel":[61],"vehicles.":[62],"The":[63],"profit-maximizing":[64],"EV":[65,92,98,113,137],"manufacturer":[66,93],"chooses":[67],"Complete-Vehicle-Sales":[70],"(CVS)":[71],"strategy.":[76],"Our":[77],"analysis":[78],"yields":[79],"three":[80,163],"main":[81],"findings.":[82],"First,":[83],"enhance":[85],"profits":[86],"through":[87],"over":[89],"CVS,":[90],"an":[91],"must":[94],"ensure":[95],"that":[96],"rate":[100,139,173],"with":[101,109],"at":[104],"least":[105],"slightly":[106],"lower":[107,171],"CVS.":[110],"Achieving":[111],"higher":[112,191],"under":[115,140],"compared":[117],"CVS":[119],"requires":[120],"further":[122],"reduction":[123],"in":[124,152,156,197],"depreciation.":[125],"Second,":[126],"win-win":[128],"situation":[129],"for":[130,161],"both":[131],"manufacturers":[133],"occurs":[134],"if":[135],"reduced":[143],"moderate":[146],"level.":[147],"Considering":[148],"additional":[149],"acquisitions":[151],"can":[154,174],"result":[155],"mutually":[158],"beneficial":[159],"outcome":[160],"parties,":[164],"including":[165],"supplier.":[168],"Third,":[169],"increase":[175],"surplus,":[177],"but":[178],"it":[179,187],"does":[180],"not":[181],"always":[182],"benefit":[183],"environment,":[185],"may":[188],"lead":[189],"overall":[192],"purchases":[194],"usage":[196],"market":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-31T23:11:33.660297","created_date":"2025-12-08T00:00:00"}