{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3031356670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","title":"Blockchain Performance Analysis for Supporting Cross-Border E-Government Services","display_name":"Blockchain Performance Analysis for Supporting Cross-Border E-Government Services","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3031356670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","mag":"3031356670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/17/9226631/09102377.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/17/9226631/09102377.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080813617","display_name":"Dimitris Geneiatakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-502X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Geneiatakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064501733","display_name":"Yannis Soupionis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yannis Soupionis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001320617","display_name":"Gary Steri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-1771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Steri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055574660","display_name":"Ioannis Kounelis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2414-9865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Kounelis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084435647","display_name":"Ricardo Neisse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Neisse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064735585","display_name":"Igor Nai-Fovino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Nai-Fovino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens\u2019 Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber and Digital Citizens' Security Unit, European Commission\u2014Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080813617"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.0734,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99209154,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"4","first_page":"1310","last_page":"1322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8856462836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6703050136566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6352506875991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.5871642827987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5596197843551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.5370100736618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5296573042869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5147440433502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4632358253002167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.4597904682159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38923317193984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2579592764377594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20547953248023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1949281394481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12728935480117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10554307699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.0925242006778717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8856462836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6703050136566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6352506875991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.5871642827987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5596197843551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.5370100736618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5296573042869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5147440433502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4632358253002167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.4597904682159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38923317193984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2579592764377594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20547953248023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1949281394481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12728935480117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10554307699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0925242006778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/17/9226631/09102377.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.2979325","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/17/9226631/09102377.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334699","display_name":"Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union","ror":"https://ror.org/026rh8977"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3031356670.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3031356670.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185290757","https://openalex.org/W1968333714","https://openalex.org/W1976281568","https://openalex.org/W1982070413","https://openalex.org/W2009558692","https://openalex.org/W2020296947","https://openalex.org/W2021672148","https://openalex.org/W2029351139","https://openalex.org/W2053142757","https://openalex.org/W2087946700","https://openalex.org/W2123024197","https://openalex.org/W2153704625","https://openalex.org/W2183126124","https://openalex.org/W2326349637","https://openalex.org/W2336008669","https://openalex.org/W2726001757","https://openalex.org/W2738885274","https://openalex.org/W2740090788","https://openalex.org/W2743557879","https://openalex.org/W2754866430","https://openalex.org/W2766461774","https://openalex.org/W2774802253","https://openalex.org/W2781485384","https://openalex.org/W2785920116","https://openalex.org/W2799639035","https://openalex.org/W2806885212","https://openalex.org/W2873380356","https://openalex.org/W2899880612","https://openalex.org/W2917612571","https://openalex.org/W2945760829","https://openalex.org/W2964101012","https://openalex.org/W2964302640","https://openalex.org/W3102661748","https://openalex.org/W3124794759","https://openalex.org/W3137092842","https://openalex.org/W4243563149","https://openalex.org/W4249823756","https://openalex.org/W4295720133","https://openalex.org/W4300127641","https://openalex.org/W6644418048","https://openalex.org/W6686086662","https://openalex.org/W6740384779","https://openalex.org/W6747465871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4303984095","https://openalex.org/W2957710009","https://openalex.org/W3115531728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,19,59,100,107],"continuous":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,112,124],"distributed":[5],"ledger":[6],"and":[7,114,126],"blockchain":[8,37,74],"technologies,":[9],"new":[10],"use":[11],"cases":[12],"apart":[13],"from":[14],"cryptocurrencies":[15],"have":[16],"come":[17],"into":[18,72],"spotlight.":[20],"In":[21,76],"this":[22],"article,":[23],"we":[24,81],"evaluate":[25],"whether":[26],"an":[27,46,66,85],"e-government":[28,49],"service":[29,50],"could":[30],"be":[31,70],"a":[32,36,42,73],"suitable":[33],"candidate":[34],"for":[35,54,88],"transformation.":[38],"We":[39,62],"selected":[40],"as":[41],"reference":[43],"test":[44],"system":[45,102],"existing":[47],"cross-border":[48],"that":[51,99],"is":[52,103],"used":[53],"supporting":[55],"goods":[56],"exchanges":[57],"across":[58],"European":[60],"Union.":[61],"show":[63,98],"how":[64],"such":[65],"indicative":[67],"paradigm":[68],"can":[69],"transformed":[71],"system.":[75],"order":[77],"to":[78,105],"do":[79],"so,":[80],"deployed":[82,101],"it":[83,118],"in":[84,110,122],"emulated":[86],"architecture":[87],"evaluating":[89],"its":[90],"performance":[91],"under":[92],"various":[93],"realistic":[94],"conditions.":[95],"Our":[96],"results":[97],"able":[104],"meet":[106],"requirements,":[108],"both":[109],"terms":[111,123],"throughput":[113],"transaction":[115],"speed.":[116],"Moreover,":[117],"shows":[119],"clear":[120],"advantages":[121],"usability":[125],"synchronization":[127],"between":[128],"all":[129],"entities.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
