{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2896347390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","title":"Advertising or Freemium: The Impacts of Social Effects and Service Quality on Competing Platforms","display_name":"Advertising or Freemium: The Impacts of Social Effects and Service Quality on Competing Platforms","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2896347390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","mag":"2896347390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396720","display_name":"Zhiyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-7606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-7606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085394352","display_name":"Guofang Nan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-4395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guofang Nan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-4395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101423504","display_name":"Minqiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-3747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-3747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4472,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94145672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"1","first_page":"220","last_page":"233"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6801033020019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.5979899168014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5535938739776611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.5533193349838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.4928781986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.48151811957359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4233816862106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.1230664849281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.10485318303108215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6801033020019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5979899168014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5535938739776611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.5533193349838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4928781986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48151811957359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4233816862106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1230664849281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.10485318303108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2018.2871420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4364243042","display_name":"\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u9644\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5b9a\u4ef7\u7b56\u7565\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71471128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W169326168","https://openalex.org/W1485386517","https://openalex.org/W1536723263","https://openalex.org/W1981220127","https://openalex.org/W2001315506","https://openalex.org/W2008975493","https://openalex.org/W2013371605","https://openalex.org/W2037724134","https://openalex.org/W2051653474","https://openalex.org/W2056501160","https://openalex.org/W2085225290","https://openalex.org/W2106089147","https://openalex.org/W2110269517","https://openalex.org/W2117852767","https://openalex.org/W2129998937","https://openalex.org/W2130609462","https://openalex.org/W2136041258","https://openalex.org/W2137424977","https://openalex.org/W2146855486","https://openalex.org/W2152914657","https://openalex.org/W2160217114","https://openalex.org/W2175177695","https://openalex.org/W2423578865","https://openalex.org/W2507931553","https://openalex.org/W2594335991","https://openalex.org/W2789273896","https://openalex.org/W3021909905","https://openalex.org/W3122122748","https://openalex.org/W3122339471","https://openalex.org/W3122514050","https://openalex.org/W3123493322","https://openalex.org/W3123558988","https://openalex.org/W3124213486","https://openalex.org/W3124431884","https://openalex.org/W3124640067","https://openalex.org/W3125550820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908364646","https://openalex.org/W2275271759","https://openalex.org/W2014532210","https://openalex.org/W1992760298","https://openalex.org/W2767629806","https://openalex.org/W2319899002","https://openalex.org/W2953463546","https://openalex.org/W2187359640","https://openalex.org/W2354585676","https://openalex.org/W2014316889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,74],"address":[1],"the":[2,67,77,108,117,137,144,151,154,177,185],"impacts":[3],"of":[4,139,153],"social":[5,22,140],"effects":[6,141],"and":[7,60,103,168,193],"service":[8,89,156,179,187],"quality":[9,90,152,180,188],"on":[10],"business":[11],"model":[12],"decisions":[13],"through":[14],"a":[15,34,57,129,161,194],"game-theoretic":[16],"model.":[17],"These":[18],"platforms,":[19],"which":[20,48,66,98,122,176],"integrate":[21],"networking":[23],"services":[24],"into":[25],"their":[26],"services,":[27],"adopt":[28,69,101],"either":[29,52],"an":[30,53,125],"advertising":[31,54,78,102,126],"strategy":[32,39,55,59,80,127,131,146,197],"or":[33,56,128],"freemium":[35,58,104,130,145,195],"strategy.":[36],"Thus,":[37],"four":[38],"combinations":[40],"that":[41,76,164],"include":[42],"two":[43,61],"strategic":[44,62],"substitute":[45],"cases":[46,64],"in":[47,65,97,121],"both":[49,99],"platforms":[50,68,100,123,169],"use":[51,124],"complement":[63],"different":[70],"strategies":[71,105],"are":[72],"possible.":[73],"find":[75,135],"(freemium)":[79],"is":[81,91,142,147,157,181,189,198],"dominant":[82,149],"for":[83],"each":[84],"platform":[85,119],"when":[86,150],"its":[87],"premium":[88,155,186],"too":[92,158,182,190],"low":[93,183],"(high).":[94],"Two":[95],"equilibria":[96],"coexist,":[106],"while":[107],"former":[109],"one":[110],"derives":[111],"more":[112],"profit.":[113],"Moreover,":[114],"we":[115,134],"study":[116],"symmetric":[118],"competition":[120],"simultaneously.":[132],"Interestingly,":[133],"if":[136],"strength":[138],"medium,":[143],"also":[148],"low.":[159],"Finally,":[160],"win-win":[162],"outcome":[163],"benefits":[165],"customer":[166],"surplus":[167],"may":[170],"arise":[171],"under":[172,175],"some":[173],"conditions":[174],"basic":[178],"(high),":[184],"high":[191],"(low),":[192],"(advertising)":[196],"used.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
