{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2751290861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","title":"Evolution of Global Product Development Networks: An Exploratory Study","display_name":"Evolution of Global Product Development Networks: An Exploratory Study","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2751290861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","mag":"2751290861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1048143","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069240971","display_name":"Margherita Pero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-2003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Margherita Pero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071953646","display_name":"M\u00f3nica Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-2837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057632151","display_name":"Sergio Terzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-6185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Terzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Economics, and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069240971"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87274853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"1","first_page":"34","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.5577187538146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5489587783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5343552827835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.5126630663871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.48958930373191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4793068468570709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.4275299906730652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.41209596395492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.40196701884269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.3243871331214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3072150945663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.21481332182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.187819242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13709378242492676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.5577187538146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5489587783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5343552827835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.5126630663871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.48958930373191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4793068468570709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.4275299906730652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41209596395492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.40196701884269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3243871331214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3072150945663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.21481332182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.187819242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13709378242492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2017.2740263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1048143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1048143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1048143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1048143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100141516","https://openalex.org/W1510420082","https://openalex.org/W1518222621","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1562578637","https://openalex.org/W1581680787","https://openalex.org/W1683285176","https://openalex.org/W1785091708","https://openalex.org/W1975720206","https://openalex.org/W1983381337","https://openalex.org/W1999323794","https://openalex.org/W2002766145","https://openalex.org/W2006479099","https://openalex.org/W2012373877","https://openalex.org/W2018089269","https://openalex.org/W2025817058","https://openalex.org/W2030858460","https://openalex.org/W2031568951","https://openalex.org/W2042893014","https://openalex.org/W2045805410","https://openalex.org/W2049896847","https://openalex.org/W2053553257","https://openalex.org/W2056330418","https://openalex.org/W2061369899","https://openalex.org/W2066017448","https://openalex.org/W2069215103","https://openalex.org/W2083361942","https://openalex.org/W2090291005","https://openalex.org/W2095984850","https://openalex.org/W2098676164","https://openalex.org/W2102331610","https://openalex.org/W2107664986","https://openalex.org/W2122598868","https://openalex.org/W2144106421","https://openalex.org/W2156605380","https://openalex.org/W2180731449","https://openalex.org/W2616407127","https://openalex.org/W2769202600","https://openalex.org/W2936069350","https://openalex.org/W6604125094","https://openalex.org/W6630502185","https://openalex.org/W6634658950","https://openalex.org/W6658322564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358200898","https://openalex.org/W4231184955","https://openalex.org/W2325765407","https://openalex.org/W2788012436","https://openalex.org/W618293728","https://openalex.org/W2291845669","https://openalex.org/W200604156","https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2374784346","https://openalex.org/W4286615217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Product":[1],"Development":[2],"(GPD)":[3],"networks":[4,47],"have":[5],"evolved":[6],"to":[7,13,36,38,122,216,237,249],"satisfy":[8],"the":[9,14,27,39,69,95,101,124,151,170,220,241],"unique":[10],"requirements":[11],"essential":[12,215],"successful":[15],"adoption":[16],"of":[17,41,103,150,178,247],"corporate":[18],"outsourcing":[19],"and":[20,83,138,160,218,253],"offshoring":[21],"during":[22,48],"development":[23,85,88,97,111,200,261],"processes.":[24,51],"Having":[25],"reviewed":[26],"relevant":[28],"literature":[29],"associated":[30],"with":[31,59,100],"GPD,":[32],"this":[33,114,136],"paper":[34],"seeks":[35],"contribute":[37],"understanding":[40],"organizational":[42],"considerations":[43],"taken":[44],"by":[45,186,195,225],"GPD":[46,66,133,171,199],"their":[49,259],"transitional":[50],"A":[52],"retrospective":[53],"case":[54],"study":[55],"analysis":[56],"was":[57,74,120,142,184],"conducted":[58],"17":[60,152],"Italian":[61],"companies":[62,127,248,257],"classified":[63],"into":[64],"six":[65],"configurations":[67],"(named":[68],"\u201cChess":[70],"matrix\u201d).":[71],"Each":[72],"classification":[73,115],"based":[75,168],"on":[76,169],"both":[77],"developmental":[78],"localization":[79],"(local":[80],"versus":[81],"global)":[82],"product":[84,260],"process":[86],"fragmentation;":[87],"activities":[89],"are":[90,108],"either":[91,187],"entirely":[92],"performed":[93],"within":[94,243],"same":[96],"lab,":[98],"eventually":[99],"contribution":[102],"support/adaptive":[104],"units,":[105],"or":[106,194],"they":[107],"split":[109],"among":[110],"units.":[112],"Using":[113],"system,":[116],"an":[117,197],"evolutionary":[118,198],"model":[119],"adopted":[121,175],"illustrate":[123],"dynamic":[125],"paths":[126,242,252],"follow":[128],"when":[129,228],"transitioning":[130],"toward":[131],"new":[132],"configurations.":[134,231],"With":[135],"framework":[137],"categorization":[139],"process,":[140],"it":[141,213],"deduced":[143],"that":[144,183,204,255],"three":[145],"main":[146],"variables":[147,165],"drove":[148],"each":[149,173,226],"companies:":[153],"1)":[154],"market":[155,158],"needs;":[156],"2)":[157],"extension;":[159],"3)":[161],"internal":[162],"needs.":[163],"These":[164],"were":[166],"determined":[167],"approach":[172],"company":[174],"in":[176,190,258],"pursuit":[177],"a":[179,191,208,244],"stable":[180,211],"profitable":[181],"configuration":[182,193],"achieved":[185],"deliberately":[188],"remaining":[189],"certain":[192],"employing":[196],"configuration.":[201],"In":[202],"recognizing":[203],"there":[205],"is":[206,214],"not":[207],"singularly":[209],"optimal":[210],"configuration,":[212],"recognize":[217],"identify":[219,250],"individual":[221],"drivers":[222,254],"being":[223],"pursued":[224],"enterprise":[227],"implementing":[229],"specific":[230],"Further":[232],"research":[233],"will":[234],"be":[235],"devoted":[236],"more":[238],"extensively":[239],"elaborate":[240],"larger":[245],"sample":[246],"unrevealed":[251],"move":[256],"globalization":[262],"efforts.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}