{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140255470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","title":"Combining textual and structural analysis of software artifacts for traceability link recovery","display_name":"Combining textual and structural analysis of software artifacts for traceability link recovery","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140255470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","mag":"2140255470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 ICSE Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084874990","display_name":"Collin McMillan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0887-1083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I267592682","display_name":"Williams (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/007zhvp17","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Collin McMillan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041262116","display_name":"Denys Poshyvanyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-7586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I267592682","display_name":"Williams (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/007zhvp17","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denys Poshyvanyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020432021","display_name":"Meghan Revelle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I267592682","display_name":"Williams (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/007zhvp17","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meghan Revelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084874990"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277","https://openalex.org/I267592682"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.3684,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99095265,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceability","display_name":"Traceability","score":0.9118064641952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.8343881368637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7586961984634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.7426727414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-traceability","display_name":"Requirements traceability","score":0.5524975061416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5392457842826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-documentation","display_name":"Software documentation","score":0.5271206498146057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5184583067893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5047074556350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.47741830348968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4685424566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3281996250152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.3239661157131195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.29272204637527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development-process","display_name":"Software development process","score":0.18964901566505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10138210654258728}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.9118064641952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.8343881368637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7586961984634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.7426727414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35084680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848201","display_name":"Requirements traceability","level":5,"score":0.5524975061416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5392457842826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81587897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181702","display_name":"Software documentation","level":5,"score":0.5271206498146057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5184583067893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5047074556350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.47741830348968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4685424566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3281996250152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.3239661157131195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.29272204637527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180152950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2904257","display_name":"Software development process","level":4,"score":0.18964901566505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10138210654258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135475081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774228","display_name":"Requirement","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tefse.2009.5069582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 ICSE Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.380.4740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.380.4740","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.wm.edu/~denys/pubs/TEFSE09 McMPos.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","display_name":"U.S. Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184173742","https://openalex.org/W1935937925","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1969353325","https://openalex.org/W1983578042","https://openalex.org/W1991435895","https://openalex.org/W2012313588","https://openalex.org/W2041853131","https://openalex.org/W2103473833","https://openalex.org/W2109144580","https://openalex.org/W2111643214","https://openalex.org/W2115941721","https://openalex.org/W2118114837","https://openalex.org/W2118202700","https://openalex.org/W2121230168","https://openalex.org/W2123253300","https://openalex.org/W2125480321","https://openalex.org/W2128581098","https://openalex.org/W2138378644","https://openalex.org/W2139543149","https://openalex.org/W2147152072","https://openalex.org/W2150240046","https://openalex.org/W2151747011","https://openalex.org/W2155829706","https://openalex.org/W2157791244","https://openalex.org/W2157949509","https://openalex.org/W2162493549","https://openalex.org/W2163349045","https://openalex.org/W2165363894","https://openalex.org/W2166633182","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W4241558139","https://openalex.org/W4241755296","https://openalex.org/W4252434862","https://openalex.org/W6607557942","https://openalex.org/W6678332453","https://openalex.org/W6682070747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2207227103","https://openalex.org/W4312646443","https://openalex.org/W2129559874","https://openalex.org/W1203831901","https://openalex.org/W1604969957","https://openalex.org/W221189350","https://openalex.org/W4312234739","https://openalex.org/W2537685693","https://openalex.org/W2100348239","https://openalex.org/W2982483023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"methods":[1,86],"for":[2,36],"recovering":[3,38,77],"traceability":[4,40],"links":[5,41,79],"among":[6,13,80],"software":[7],"documentation":[8,24,44],"artifacts":[9],"analyze":[10],"textual":[11,47,91],"similarities":[12],"these":[14,39],"artifacts.":[15],"It":[16],"may":[17],"be":[18],"the":[19,72],"case,":[20],"however,":[21],"that":[22,54,67],"related":[23,55,58],"elements":[25],"share":[26,57],"little":[27],"terminology":[28],"or":[29],"phrasing.":[30],"This":[31],"paper":[32],"presents":[33],"a":[34],"technique":[35],"indirectly":[37],"in":[42],"requirements":[43,56],"by":[45],"combining":[46],"with":[48],"structural":[49],"information":[50],"as":[51,82],"we":[52],"conjecture":[53],"source":[59],"code":[60],"elements.":[61],"A":[62],"preliminary":[63],"case":[64],"study":[65],"indicates":[66],"our":[68],"combined":[69],"approach":[70],"improves":[71],"precision":[73],"and":[74],"recall":[75],"of":[76],"relevant":[78],"documents":[81],"compared":[83],"to":[84],"stand-alone":[85],"based":[87],"solely":[88],"on":[89],"analyzing":[90],"similarities.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}