{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120022208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/te.2020.3044174","title":"Learner Attitude, Educational Background, and Gender Influence on Knowledge Gain in a Serious Games-Enhanced Programming Course","display_name":"Learner Attitude, Educational Background, and Gender Influence on Knowledge Gain in a Serious Games-Enhanced Programming Course","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120022208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/te.2020.3044174","mag":"3120022208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/te.2020.3044174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/te.2020.3044174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207741693","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","issn_l":"0018-9359","issn":["0018-9359","1557-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322189","host_organization_name":"IEEE Education Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322189","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Education Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100899183","display_name":"Dan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-5594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-5594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076763328","display_name":"Cristina Hava Muntean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-9253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Hava Muntean","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-9253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003077662","display_name":"Adriana E. Chis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-4914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana E. Chis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-4914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050234051","display_name":"Gabriel\u2010Miro Muntean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-4770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42934936","display_name":"Dublin City University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a1a1e81","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel-Miro Muntean","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-4770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1641,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95429411,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"3","first_page":"308","last_page":"316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9722999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographics","display_name":"Demographics","score":0.6358014345169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5573204159736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.44820621609687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.446056604385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-attitude","display_name":"Positive attitude","score":0.445658415555954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"Medical education","score":0.43627607822418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32864516973495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.20149493217468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1578247845172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.08988505601882935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demographics","level":2,"score":0.6358014345169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5573204159736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.44820621609687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.446056604385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019512768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399675","display_name":"Positive attitude","level":2,"score":0.445658415555954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.43627607822418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32864516973495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.20149493217468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1578247845172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08988505601882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/te.2020.3044174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/te.2020.3044174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207741693","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","issn_l":"0018-9359","issn":["0018-9359","1557-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322189","host_organization_name":"IEEE Education Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322189","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Education Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/194132/","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doras.dcu.ie/25478/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I115570527","host_organization_name":"Dublin Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115570527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhao, Dan, Muntean, Cristina Hava ORCID: 0000-0001-5082-9253 &lt;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-9253&gt;, Chis, Adriana ORCID: 0000-0002-8700-4914 &lt;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-4914&gt; and Muntean, Gabriel-Miro ORCID: 0000-0002-9332-4770 &lt;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-4770&gt;  (2021) Learner attitude, educational background and gender influence on knowledge gain in a serious games-enhanced programming course.  IEEE Transactions on Education, 64  (3).   pp. 308-316.  ISSN 0018-9359","raw_type":"Other"},{"id":"pmh:oai:norma.ncirl.ie:5021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://norma.ncirl.ie/5021/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400345","display_name":"TRAP@NCI (National College of Ireland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","host_organization_name":"National College of Ireland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7736775806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13/RC/2094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81081912","https://openalex.org/W1941654325","https://openalex.org/W2002034858","https://openalex.org/W2020199624","https://openalex.org/W2079181629","https://openalex.org/W2084063006","https://openalex.org/W2106376880","https://openalex.org/W2114582450","https://openalex.org/W2148099808","https://openalex.org/W2194213766","https://openalex.org/W2196633743","https://openalex.org/W2203335496","https://openalex.org/W2502626378","https://openalex.org/W2646870050","https://openalex.org/W2743563592","https://openalex.org/W2745758802","https://openalex.org/W2789223534","https://openalex.org/W2885668335","https://openalex.org/W2886500841","https://openalex.org/W2887138582","https://openalex.org/W2887180581","https://openalex.org/W2887258739","https://openalex.org/W2887860149","https://openalex.org/W2897024105","https://openalex.org/W2898959039","https://openalex.org/W2899198873","https://openalex.org/W2902904361","https://openalex.org/W2920953143","https://openalex.org/W2921957539","https://openalex.org/W2922435808","https://openalex.org/W2990690323","https://openalex.org/W2991985122","https://openalex.org/W3000435655","https://openalex.org/W3041221665","https://openalex.org/W6756783856","https://openalex.org/W6770895697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121380072","https://openalex.org/W2058403539","https://openalex.org/W2333615638","https://openalex.org/W2602311653","https://openalex.org/W2964230772","https://openalex.org/W2768231286","https://openalex.org/W2973958681","https://openalex.org/W2942793592","https://openalex.org/W2409976527","https://openalex.org/W626576356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contribution:":[0],"This":[1],"research":[2,150],"study":[3,23,208],"deploys":[4],"three":[5,332,372],"serious":[6,38,142,176,203,360],"games":[7,39,106,143,177,333],"with":[8,130,160,186,339,376],"various":[9],"topics":[10],"in":[11,73,87,96,101,110,144,259,330,370,383,387,390,398],"an":[12],"entry-level":[13],"C":[14,223],"Programming":[15,224],"module":[16,225],"and":[17,64,122,125,165,168,182,273,276,282,293,300,350],"investigates":[18],"students'":[19,119,146,179,209],"learning":[20,120,123,147,180,191,210,270,351,368],"outcomes.":[21],"The":[22,43,337,374],"also":[24,313],"explores":[25],"whether":[26],"learners":[27],"belonging":[28,289],"to":[29,93,117,154,266,290,304,315,355],"different":[30,161,257],"subgroups":[31,44,258],"benefit":[32,195],"more":[33,196,357],"from":[34,199],"the":[35,68,74,82,97,102,111,139,156,174,200,220,247,297,317,384,388],"use":[36,201],"of":[37,84,113,141,202,219,261,320],"than":[40,197,386],"their":[41,60,128],"peers.":[42],"are":[45,80],"formed":[46],"based":[47,250],"on":[48,251],"learner":[49],"demographics":[50],"that":[51],"capture":[52],"learners'":[53],"attitude":[54,265,268,346],"toward":[55,269,347],"school":[56,349],"or":[57,344],"STEM":[58,115,271,352],"subjects,":[59,89,272,353],"previous":[61,162,188,341],"educational":[62,163,189,262,342],"performance":[63,343],"gender.":[65,169,274],"Background:":[66],"Despite":[67],"latest":[69],"rapid":[70],"economy":[71],"growth":[72],"ICT":[75,98],"sector,":[76],"many":[77,114],"European":[78],"countries":[79],"facing":[81],"challenge":[83],"retaining":[85],"students":[86,159,185,253,288,338,375],"STEM-related":[88,131],"which":[90,252],"could":[91],"lead":[92],"unfilled":[94],"vacancies":[95],"job":[99],"markets":[100],"near":[103],"future.":[104],"Serious":[105],"have":[107],"been":[108,152],"utilized":[109],"classrooms":[112],"subjects":[116],"improve":[118,178],"experience":[121],"outcomes,":[124,148],"potentially":[126],"encourage":[127],"engagement":[129],"industries.":[132],"While":[133],"some":[134,399],"prior":[135],"works":[136],"had":[137],"assessed":[138],"effectiveness":[140],"improving":[145],"little":[149],"has":[151],"done":[153],"investigate":[155],"impacts":[157],"among":[158],"background":[164],"performance,":[166,190],"attitude,":[167,192],"Research":[170],"Questions:":[171],"1)":[172],"Do":[173,184],"proposed":[175],"outcomes?":[181],"2)":[183],"certain":[187],"and/or":[193],"gender":[194],"others":[198],"games?":[204],"Methodology:":[205],"To":[206],"thoroughly":[207],"outcome,":[211],"a":[212,240],"large-scale":[213],"pilot":[214,248],"was":[215,236,243],"deployed":[216],"as":[217,362],"part":[218],"first-year":[221],"undergraduate":[222],"at":[226],"Dublin":[227],"City":[228],"University,":[229],"Ireland.":[230],"A":[231],"multidimensional":[232],"pedagogical":[233],"assessment":[234],"toolkit":[235],"utilized.":[237],"In":[238],"particular,":[239],"demographic":[241],"questionnaire":[242],"carried":[244],"out":[245],"before":[246,281],"began,":[249],"were":[254,278,307,312,328],"divided":[255],"into":[256],"terms":[260],"ability,":[263],"initial":[264],"school,":[267],"Pre-":[275],"post-tests":[277],"conducted":[279,314],"right":[280],"after":[283],"playing":[284],"each":[285,291,305],"game.":[286],"For":[287],"subgroup":[292],"for":[294,334],"all":[295,331,335,371,391],"students,":[296],"average":[298,377],"pre-":[299],"post-test":[301,385],"marks":[302],"related":[303],"game":[306],"compared,":[308],"while":[309],"paired-sample":[310],"t-tests":[311],"assess":[316],"statistical":[318],"significance":[319],"knowledge":[321,326],"gain.":[322],"Findings:":[323],"Statistically":[324],"significant":[325,366,396],"gains":[327],"observed":[329],"students.":[336],"good":[340],"strong":[345],"attending":[348],"tend":[354],"gain":[356],"by":[358],"using":[359],"games,":[361,392],"they":[363,393],"obtained":[364],"statistically":[365,395],"improved":[367],"outcomes":[369],"games.":[373],"starting":[378],"points,":[379],"although":[380],"performed":[381],"better":[382],"pretest":[389],"achieved":[394],"improvements":[397],"cases":[400],"only.":[401]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
