{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133235366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275","title":"Identifying Who You Are No Matter What You Write Through Abstracting Handwriting Style","display_name":"Identifying Who You Are No Matter What You Write Through Abstracting Handwriting Style","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133235366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121799232","display_name":"Jinyang Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-2812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121497910","display_name":"Yuanhao Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanhao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3969-9472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114413524","display_name":"Feng-Qi Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng-Qi Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-940X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082442712","display_name":"Xiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127858778","display_name":"Zhi Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0537-4522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111182067","display_name":"Xin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3520-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0669-268X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061676270","display_name":"Jianchun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianchun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1764-9303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082241536","display_name":"Fusang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2529-8021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fusang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software and the Key Laboratory of Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network Security, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2529-8021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software and the Key Laboratory of Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network Security, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457386","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-4046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-0813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":307.5515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99984728,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"6890","last_page":"6905"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12070","display_name":"Writing and Handwriting Education","score":0.4390000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12070","display_name":"Writing and Handwriting Education","score":0.4390000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.01759999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.9394999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5763999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-character-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","score":0.4523000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.41929998993873596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.9394999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8748999834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5763999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.4523000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43380001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.38449999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13622073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2243831","display_name":"Writing style","level":2,"score":0.3467999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776245389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962139","display_name":"Programming style","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2026.3668275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6671649217605591,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1606717613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2662715439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62422213","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3440221109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ2025HGTB0225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3537770290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4365675440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7042574214","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62572168","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323970","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,25,62,74,127,130,140,156,165,170,198,203,208],"increasing":[2],"use":[3],"of":[4,24,61,78,142,207],"electronic":[5],"devices,":[6],"online":[7],"handwriting":[8,37,75,89,123,151],"verification":[9,23],"has":[10],"become":[11],"crucial":[12],"for":[13,42,81],"biometricsbased":[14],"identity":[15],"authentication.":[16,86,160],"Traditional":[17],"methods,":[18],"which":[19],"rely":[20],"on":[21,163,182],"content-dependent":[22],"writer's":[26],"name,":[27],"are":[28],"vulnerable":[29],"to":[30,72,110,120,153,185],"forgery.":[31],"This":[32,103],"paper":[33],"introduces":[34],"a":[35,49,97,178],"content-independent":[36,150],"authentication":[38],"system,":[39],"Ph-Wri,":[40],"designed":[41],"commodity":[43],"smartphones.":[44],"The":[45],"core":[46],"innovation":[47],"is":[48],"multi-path":[50],"attention":[51,99],"feature":[52],"fusion":[53],"network":[54],"that":[55,188],"combines":[56],"both":[57,164],"static":[58,191],"features":[59,67],"(image":[60],"handwritten":[63],"text)":[64],"and":[65,115,144,169,205],"dynamic":[66,92,193],"(time-dependent":[68],"properties":[69],"during":[70,101],"writing),":[71],"abstract":[73],"style":[76,90,152],"instead":[77],"specific":[79],"content":[80,143],"recognition,":[82],"enabling":[83],"robust":[84],"user":[85,154],"To":[87],"extract":[88],"from":[91],"writing":[93],"features,":[94,114],"we":[95],"propose":[96],"polarity-aware":[98],"strategy":[100,104],"training.":[102],"incorporates":[105],"Style":[106],"Channel":[107],"Attention":[108,118,132],"(SCA)":[109],"capture":[111],"direction-sensitive":[112],"stylistic":[113],"Trajectory":[116],"Spatial":[117],"(TSA)":[119],"highlight":[121],"key":[122],"trajectory":[124],"regions.":[125],"In":[126],"fine-tuning":[128],"stage,":[129],"Correlation-Aware":[131],"(CAA)":[133],"module":[134],"models":[135],"inter-channel":[136],"structural":[137],"correlations,":[138],"mitigating":[139],"influence":[141],"enhancing":[145],"style-consistent":[146],"representations.":[147],"By":[148],"linking":[149],"identity,":[155],"system":[157],"achieves":[158],"accurate":[159],"Extensive":[161],"experiments":[162],"self-built":[166],"CIEHD":[167],"dataset":[168,173],"public":[171],"BiosecurID":[172],"demonstrate":[174],"exceptional":[175],"performance,":[176],"achieving":[177],"99%":[179],"Verification":[180],"Accuracy":[181],"CIEHD.":[183],"Compared":[184],"state-of-theart":[186],"methods":[187],"utilize":[189],"only":[190],"or":[192],"data,":[194],"Ph-Wri":[195],"significantly":[196],"reduces":[197],"Equal":[199],"Error":[200],"Rate,":[201],"showcasing":[202],"effectiveness":[204],"practicality":[206],"proposed":[209],"approach.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2026-03-03T00:00:00"}
