{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415178957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238","title":"A Decentralized Blockchain Transaction Verification Scheme in the Weighted Setting","display_name":"A Decentralized Blockchain Transaction Verification Scheme in the Weighted Setting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415178957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025532195","display_name":"Yumeng Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-6582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yumeng Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-6582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033761106","display_name":"Qing Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-5200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-5200","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024956998","display_name":"Tong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-527X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer & Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","School of Computer & Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-527X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer & Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer & Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060586262","display_name":"Cong Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9464-7216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9464-7216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107248106","display_name":"Weixiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8204-4247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8204-4247","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100380072","display_name":"Chuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7684-8540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7684-8540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100634361","display_name":"Liehuang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-3887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liehuang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-3887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36670595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"1782","last_page":"1794"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9254000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9254000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.6215000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5877000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-analysis","display_name":"Security analysis","score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-third-party","display_name":"Trusted third party","score":0.5385000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.48910000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4708999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.4650000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.821399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.6215000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5877000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139089976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142273","display_name":"Trusted third party","level":2,"score":0.5385000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.48910000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.48179998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4708999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108759981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788590","display_name":"Authorization","level":2,"score":0.46230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966812","display_name":"Trusted Computing","level":2,"score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.4142000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175093008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758251","display_name":"Authorization certificate","level":5,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25185021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4053284","display_name":"Distributed transaction","level":4,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118463975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220849","display_name":"Digital signature","level":3,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44209976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327773","display_name":"Non-repudiation","level":3,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3087436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1386603","display_name":"Secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202775310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140366","display_name":"Trusted Platform Module","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3621238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2399765201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L251002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6351834312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7128651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G922434764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62232002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501004655","https://openalex.org/W1529903442","https://openalex.org/W2046898063","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2167882086","https://openalex.org/W2898356255","https://openalex.org/W2908085188","https://openalex.org/W2911825405","https://openalex.org/W2963264685","https://openalex.org/W3106855293","https://openalex.org/W3151272651","https://openalex.org/W4288057794","https://openalex.org/W4306406267","https://openalex.org/W4307139962","https://openalex.org/W4324116453","https://openalex.org/W4385654138","https://openalex.org/W4385654294","https://openalex.org/W4385688586","https://openalex.org/W4388867103","https://openalex.org/W4390357301","https://openalex.org/W4395698771","https://openalex.org/W4399376120","https://openalex.org/W4400810713","https://openalex.org/W4400876944","https://openalex.org/W4401598503","https://openalex.org/W4402264238","https://openalex.org/W4404929465","https://openalex.org/W4405203769","https://openalex.org/W4409849439"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"transaction":[1,11,115],"verification":[2,17,79],"is":[3,74],"fundamental":[4],"to":[5,28,35],"decentralized":[6,78],"financial":[7],"applications,":[8],"ensuring":[9],"both":[10,130],"authorization":[12,116],"and":[13,63,77,132,142,155,168],"integrity.":[14],"Most":[15],"existing":[16,146],"schemes":[18,33,49],"utilize":[19],"an":[20],"equal":[21],"weight":[22,92,120],"model":[23],"that":[24,73,88,127,138,161],"grants":[25],"identical":[26],"rights":[27],"all":[29],"participants.":[30],"However,":[31],"these":[32,68],"fail":[34],"capture":[36],"real-world":[37,174],"scenarios":[38],"like":[39],"Proof-of-Stake":[40],"blockchains,":[41],"where":[42],"participants":[43],"have":[44],"right":[45],"discrepancies.":[46],"Additionally,":[47],"many":[48],"depend":[50],"on":[51],"trusted":[52,101],"third":[53,102],"parties":[54],"for":[55,100,173],"key":[56,85,140],"generation,":[57],"introducing":[58],"single":[59],"points":[60],"of":[61,150],"failure":[62],"compromising":[64],"security.":[65],"To":[66],"address":[67],"limitations,":[69],"we":[70],"propose":[71],"WBlock":[72,81,128,162],"a":[75,83,107,164],"weighted":[76,109],"scheme.":[80],"involves":[82],"distributed":[84,114],"generation":[86,141],"protocol":[87],"embeds":[89],"each":[90],"entity's":[91],"into":[93],"its":[94],"secret":[95],"share,":[96],"eliminating":[97],"the":[98],"need":[99],"parties.":[103],"It":[104],"further":[105],"employs":[106],"Schnorr-type":[108],"threshold":[110],"signing":[111,143],"protocol,":[112],"enabling":[113],"while":[117],"reflecting":[118],"participant":[119],"in":[121,148],"signature":[122],"shares.":[123],"Security":[124],"analysis":[125,136],"shows":[126,137],"achieves":[129,163],"correctness":[131],"unforgeability.":[133],"Comparative":[134],"theoretical":[135],"our":[139],"protocols":[144],"outperform":[145],"methods":[147],"terms":[149],"round":[151],"complexity,":[152],"communication":[153],"overhead":[154,172],"data":[156],"size.":[157],"Experimental":[158],"results":[159],"confirm":[160],"balance":[165],"between":[166],"security":[167],"efficiency,":[169],"with":[170],"acceptable":[171],"blockchain":[175],"deployment.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-15T00:00:00"}