{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415123898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382","title":"Advancing Biometric Authentication With Dual-Threshold Multi-Modal Systems and Geometric Programming for Enhanced Digital Security","display_name":"Advancing Biometric Authentication With Dual-Threshold Multi-Modal Systems and Geometric Programming for Enhanced Digital Security","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415123898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109123290","display_name":"Frank Yeong\u2010Sung Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Yeong-Sung Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003947062","display_name":"Tzu-Lung Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzu-Lung Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058217358","display_name":"Po-Chun Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9305-6372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Chun Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063244923","display_name":"Pin-Ruei Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pin-Ruei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022858760","display_name":"Li\u2010Min Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4437-1105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li-Min Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management Department, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045704694","display_name":"Chiu\u2010Han Hsiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8475-7400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiu-Han Hsiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8475-7400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5535,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68796888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"1703","last_page":"1719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.911899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.911899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.7164999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6100999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4422999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometric-programming","display_name":"Geometric programming","score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-factor-authentication","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","score":0.336899995803833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.847100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.7164999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6100999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4422999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37209999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20729856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2078279","display_name":"Geometric programming","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194699767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878662","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","level":4,"score":0.336899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112356035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672722","display_name":"Iris recognition","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14982408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11006334","display_name":"Network Access Control","level":4,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2025.3620382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680400516","https://openalex.org/W1988575427","https://openalex.org/W2004211009","https://openalex.org/W2045011071","https://openalex.org/W2049530657","https://openalex.org/W2066814136","https://openalex.org/W2107589078","https://openalex.org/W2155816801","https://openalex.org/W2171048418","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2268339064","https://openalex.org/W2808835246","https://openalex.org/W2883747428","https://openalex.org/W2887610733","https://openalex.org/W2900664874","https://openalex.org/W2901177562","https://openalex.org/W2903628895","https://openalex.org/W2905396542","https://openalex.org/W2943057409","https://openalex.org/W2955317752","https://openalex.org/W2963778754","https://openalex.org/W2976189582","https://openalex.org/W2980048908","https://openalex.org/W3033291137","https://openalex.org/W3037473497","https://openalex.org/W3045492092","https://openalex.org/W3084602061","https://openalex.org/W3125712971","https://openalex.org/W3151728534","https://openalex.org/W3154855658","https://openalex.org/W3161894933","https://openalex.org/W3165352399","https://openalex.org/W3174506283","https://openalex.org/W3181534568","https://openalex.org/W3194085428","https://openalex.org/W3199069885","https://openalex.org/W3205054411","https://openalex.org/W3206597961","https://openalex.org/W4205216148","https://openalex.org/W4223633263","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4280634204","https://openalex.org/W4283833173","https://openalex.org/W4291900448","https://openalex.org/W4292947475","https://openalex.org/W4292973360","https://openalex.org/W4308917855","https://openalex.org/W4312919281","https://openalex.org/W4321780144","https://openalex.org/W4362496414","https://openalex.org/W4382203467","https://openalex.org/W4385366999","https://openalex.org/W4398174228","https://openalex.org/W4399964826"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biometric":[0,35],"recognition":[1],"plays":[2],"an":[3],"increasingly":[4],"pivotal":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,46,155,196],"cybersecurity,":[8],"where":[9],"the":[10,18,34,109,184],"CIA":[11],"triad,":[12],"Confidentiality,":[13],"Integrity,":[14],"and":[15,52,73,86,100,125,169,181,190],"Availability,":[16],"forms":[17],"cornerstone":[19],"of":[20,112,137],"information":[21],"security,":[22],"with":[23,64,160,178],"authentication":[24,142,158,195],"as":[25,81],"a":[26,60,82,89,131,188],"critical":[27],"yet":[28],"challenging":[29],"component.":[30],"This":[31,147],"paper":[32],"presents":[33],"Multi-modal":[36],"Authentication":[37],"System":[38],"using":[39],"Geometric":[40,90],"Programming":[41,91],"(BMMA-GPT),":[42],"tailored":[43,157],"for":[44,193],"deployment":[45],"Fast":[47],"IDentity":[48],"Online":[49],"(FIDO/FIDO2)-enabled":[50],"environments":[51],"Zero":[53],"Trust":[54],"Architectures":[55],"(ZTA).":[56],"The":[57,75],"system":[58],"employs":[59],"dual-threshold":[61],"mechanism":[62],"integrated":[63],"Defense-in-Depth":[65],"(DiD)":[66],"strategies":[67],"to":[68,94,119],"simultaneously":[69],"enhance":[70],"accuracy,":[71],"efficiency,":[72],"security.":[74],"underlying":[76],"optimization":[77],"problem":[78],"is":[79],"formulated":[80],"mathematical":[83],"programming":[84],"task":[85],"reformulated":[87],"into":[88],"(GP)":[92],"model":[93],"efficiently":[95],"compute":[96],"optimal":[97],"biometric":[98,114,176],"permutations":[99],"verification":[101,177],"thresholds":[102],"under":[103,144],"constrained":[104],"estimation":[105],"errors.":[106],"BMMA-GPT":[107],"enables":[108],"flexible":[110],"integration":[111],"multiple":[113],"modalities,":[115],"allowing":[116],"dynamic":[117],"adjustments":[118],"meet":[120],"both":[121],"individual":[122],"user":[123,172],"profiles":[124],"organizational":[126],"security":[127],"requirements.":[128],"It":[129],"achieves":[130],"high":[132],"Area":[133],"Under":[134],"Curve":[135],"(AUC)":[136],"approximately":[138],"0.99":[139],"while":[140],"maintaining":[141],"latency":[143],"1.5":[145],"seconds.":[146],"design":[148],"supports":[149],"Chief":[150],"Information":[151],"Security":[152],"Officers":[153],"(CISOs)":[154],"configuring":[156],"processes":[159],"minimal":[161],"computational":[162],"cost,":[163],"enhancing":[164],"resilience":[165],"against":[166],"spoofing":[167],"attacks":[168],"ensuring":[170],"seamless":[171],"experience.":[173],"By":[174],"aligning":[175],"DiD":[179],"principles":[180],"GP-based":[182],"optimization,":[183],"proposed":[185],"framework":[186],"offers":[187],"scalable":[189],"robust":[191],"solution":[192],"identity":[194],"complex":[197],"digital":[198],"ecosystems.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-14T00:00:00"}
