{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285255710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913","title":"SymmeProof: Compact Zero-Knowledge Argument for Blockchain Confidential Transactions","display_name":"SymmeProof: Compact Zero-Knowledge Argument for Blockchain Confidential Transactions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285255710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076028438","display_name":"Shang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-057X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027979530","display_name":"Zhe Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6674-1640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100559401","display_name":"Feng Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Institute, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091556511","display_name":"Yuanqing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-687X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365935","display_name":"Bin Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4223-8220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076028438"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4944,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98292896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"2289","last_page":"2301"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7507107257843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-knowledge-proof","display_name":"Zero-knowledge proof","score":0.7207776308059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.5735300779342651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5684539079666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.547515332698822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dot-product","display_name":"Dot product","score":0.5009357929229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.46256670355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.41904163360595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.375369668006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3265415132045746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20064973831176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18935400247573853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7507107257843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176329583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191943","display_name":"Zero-knowledge proof","level":3,"score":0.7207776308059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.5735300779342651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5684539079666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.547515332698822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32900221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181365","display_name":"Dot product","level":2,"score":0.5009357929229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.46256670355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41904163360595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.375369668006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3265415132045746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20064973831176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18935400247573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3179913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2658418459","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020A1515111070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4180724","https://openalex.org/W111294696","https://openalex.org/W1582538828","https://openalex.org/W1589521364","https://openalex.org/W1798609567","https://openalex.org/W1998927873","https://openalex.org/W2008472274","https://openalex.org/W2052267638","https://openalex.org/W2067047774","https://openalex.org/W2171337840","https://openalex.org/W2473389213","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2517744317","https://openalex.org/W2592077777","https://openalex.org/W2765206040","https://openalex.org/W2790257806","https://openalex.org/W2794982701","https://openalex.org/W2883748642","https://openalex.org/W2884599530","https://openalex.org/W2947254643","https://openalex.org/W2978282230","https://openalex.org/W2984674716","https://openalex.org/W2990120385","https://openalex.org/W3002067100","https://openalex.org/W3023964980","https://openalex.org/W3037211059","https://openalex.org/W3046809616","https://openalex.org/W3091322675","https://openalex.org/W3147459559","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3189016037","https://openalex.org/W3213340422","https://openalex.org/W3214651532","https://openalex.org/W3214716770","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4213455517","https://openalex.org/W4223637091","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6741884781","https://openalex.org/W6749892479","https://openalex.org/W6768415072","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W4402375269"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"reduce":[1,48,74],"the":[2,49,75,80,122,139],"transmission":[3],"cost":[4,51],"of":[5,124],"blockchain":[6,109],"confidential":[7,110],"transactions,":[8],"we":[9],"propose":[10],"SymmeProof,":[11,33],"a":[12,22,63,93,143],"novel":[13],"communication":[14,50],"efficient":[15],"non-interactive":[16],"zero-knowledge":[17],"range":[18,39,60,64,76,95],"proof":[19,61,65,77,140],"protocol":[20],"without":[21,142],"trusted":[23,144],"setup.":[24,145],"We":[25,120],"design":[26],"and":[27,37],"integrate":[28],"two":[29,87],"new":[30],"techniques":[31],"in":[32,103,138],"namely":[34],"vector":[35,43,81],"compression":[36,44,82],"inner-product":[38,59,69],"proof.":[40,96],"The":[41,57,97,126],"proposed":[42,58,98],"is":[45],"able":[46],"to":[47,52],"log(n)":[53],"for":[54,116],"n-size":[55],"vectors.":[56],"converts":[62],"relation":[66],"into":[67],"an":[68],"form,":[70],"which":[71],"can":[72,90,100],"further":[73],"size":[78,141],"with":[79],"technique.":[83],"Based":[84],"on":[85],"these":[86],"techniques,":[88],"SymmeProof":[89,99,130],"eventually":[91],"achieve":[92],"log(n)-size":[94],"be":[101],"used":[102],"many":[104],"important":[105],"applications":[106],"such":[107,135],"as":[108,112,114,136],"transactions":[111],"well":[113],"arguments":[115],"arithmetic":[117],"circuits":[118],"satisfiability.":[119],"evaluate":[121],"performance":[123],"SymmeProof.":[125],"results":[127],"show":[128],"that":[129],"substantially":[131],"outperforms":[132],"representative":[133],"methods":[134],"Bulletproofs":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
