{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213426662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937","title":"Lightweight and Identifier-Oblivious Engine for Cryptocurrency Networking Anomaly Detection","display_name":"Lightweight and Identifier-Oblivious Engine for Cryptocurrency Networking Anomaly Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213426662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058487069","display_name":"Wenjun Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7363-9695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjun Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7363-9695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Xi&#x0027;an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005837966","display_name":"Hsiang-Jen Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-7192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiang-Jen Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-7192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101877231","display_name":"Jinoh Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-1866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206651237","display_name":"East Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01red3556","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinoh Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Texas A&amp;M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-1866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Texas A&amp;M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080519285","display_name":"Simeon Wuthier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4088-7518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simeon Wuthier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4088-7518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053208227","display_name":"Makiya Nakashima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makiya Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078528016","display_name":"Xiaobo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-7609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-7609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104084241","display_name":"Ching-Hua Chow","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Hua Chow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025389734","display_name":"Sang\u2010Yoon Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-5823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Yoon Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-5823","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, CS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5668,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8952367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1302","last_page":"1318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8510224223136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.8140025734901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.6493059396743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5639720559120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5414888858795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5310860872268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.502572774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41741666197776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3429771661758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32630354166030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.25760090351104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11155766248703003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8510224223136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.8140025734901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.6493059396743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5639720559120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5414888858795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5310860872268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.502572774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41741666197776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3429771661758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32630354166030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25760090351104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11155766248703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3152937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4709235427","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1922410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13439346","https://openalex.org/W154851090","https://openalex.org/W179922057","https://openalex.org/W1985987493","https://openalex.org/W2057248704","https://openalex.org/W2058897176","https://openalex.org/W2103863878","https://openalex.org/W2134490011","https://openalex.org/W2295506186","https://openalex.org/W2546191734","https://openalex.org/W2611050176","https://openalex.org/W2767094836","https://openalex.org/W2770856063","https://openalex.org/W2782052028","https://openalex.org/W2783095957","https://openalex.org/W2898116260","https://openalex.org/W2900036108","https://openalex.org/W2900483609","https://openalex.org/W2947589355","https://openalex.org/W2955050922","https://openalex.org/W2964139938","https://openalex.org/W2969495950","https://openalex.org/W2979346785","https://openalex.org/W2981083866","https://openalex.org/W3015486462","https://openalex.org/W3090573472","https://openalex.org/W3090576968","https://openalex.org/W3134716518","https://openalex.org/W3139010521","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3173162515","https://openalex.org/W3185684768","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4211079457","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4285224718","https://openalex.org/W4289799450","https://openalex.org/W4293321333","https://openalex.org/W4295720041","https://openalex.org/W6634793266","https://openalex.org/W6686453509","https://openalex.org/W6743187627","https://openalex.org/W6748366383","https://openalex.org/W6763986627","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366411693","https://openalex.org/W3211641817","https://openalex.org/W3164717803","https://openalex.org/W4389915954","https://openalex.org/W3123387860","https://openalex.org/W4291291739","https://openalex.org/W2915579847","https://openalex.org/W3110645133","https://openalex.org/W4321377877","https://openalex.org/W4394604524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"distributed":[1],"cryptocurrency":[2,25,66,201],"networking":[3,75],"is":[4,69,77,105],"critical":[5],"because":[6,41],"the":[7,13,18,21,24,32,43,47,61,65,83,101,113,149,159,177,189,193,200],"information":[8],"delivered":[9],"through":[10],"it":[11,98],"drives":[12],"mining":[14,102,139],"consensus":[15],"protocol":[16],"and":[17,31,46,52,56,80,92,104,180],"rest":[19],"of":[20,42,64,138,171],"operations.":[22],"However,":[23],"peer-to-peer":[26],"(P2P)":[27],"network":[28],"remains":[29],"vulnerable,":[30],"existing":[33,190],"security":[34],"approaches":[35,115,152],"are":[36],"either":[37],"ineffective":[38],"or":[39,155],"inefficient":[40],"permissionless":[44,74],"requirement":[45],"broadcasting":[48],"overhead.":[49],"We":[50,86,120],"design":[51],"build":[53,87],"a":[54,122],"Lightweight":[55],"Identifier-Oblivious":[57],"eNgine":[58],"(LION)":[59],"for":[60,82,89],"anomaly":[62,90],"detection":[63,91,169],"networking.":[67],"LION":[68,88,123,133,183],"not":[70],"only":[71],"effective":[72],"in":[73,108,146,199],"but":[76],"also":[78],"lightweight":[79],"practical":[81],"computation-intensive":[84],"miners.":[85],"use":[93],"traffic":[94],"analyses":[95],"so":[96],"that":[97,132],"minimally":[99],"affects":[100],"rate":[103,140],"substantially":[106],"superior":[107],"its":[109],"computational":[110],"efficiency":[111],"than":[112,136,173],"previous":[114],"based":[116],"on":[117,125,158,188],"machine":[118],"learning.":[119],"implement":[121],"prototype":[124,164],"an":[126],"active":[127],"Bitcoin":[128],"node":[129],"to":[130,143,148,162,195],"show":[131],"yields":[134],"less":[135],"1%":[137],"reduction":[141],"subject":[142,161],"our":[144,163],"prototype,":[145],"contrast":[147],"state-of-the-art":[150],"machine-learning":[151],"costing":[153],"12%":[154],"more":[156],"depending":[157],"algorithms":[160],"as":[165],"well,":[166],"while":[167],"having":[168],"accuracy":[170],"greater":[172],"97%":[174],"F1-score":[175],"against":[176],"attack":[178],"prototypes":[179],"real-world":[181],"anomalies.":[182],"therefore":[184],"can":[185],"be":[186],"deployed":[187],"miners":[191],"without":[192],"need":[194],"introduce":[196],"new":[197],"entities":[198],"ecosystem.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
