{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210795501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991","title":"Enabling Regulatory Compliance and Enforcement in Decentralized Anonymous Payment","display_name":"Enabling Regulatory Compliance and Enforcement in Decentralized Anonymous Payment","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210795501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048975561","display_name":"Liang Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8069-3182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017433297","display_name":"Dongxiao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-6757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxiao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033931001","display_name":"Jianbing Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5639-0883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbing Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083787204","display_name":"Xiaodong Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-6645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773343","display_name":"Xuemin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemin Sherman Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048975561"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.1609,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98414721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"931","last_page":"943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.8365612030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.7918338179588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.7666778564453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7658262252807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7353733777999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.6557328701019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.6072549819946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5208899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-third-party","display_name":"Trusted third party","score":0.493948757648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.36344343423843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.11724036931991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.07925203442573547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.8365612030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.7918338179588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.7666778564453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7658262252807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7353733777999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.6557328701019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6072549819946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5208899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139089976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142273","display_name":"Trusted third party","level":2,"score":0.493948757648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.36344343423843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11724036931991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.07925203442573547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2022.3144991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62648631","https://openalex.org/W1538706266","https://openalex.org/W1561877077","https://openalex.org/W2013686672","https://openalex.org/W2018746447","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2616239328","https://openalex.org/W2624307925","https://openalex.org/W2743496573","https://openalex.org/W2882986534","https://openalex.org/W2883748642","https://openalex.org/W2914823947","https://openalex.org/W2945364447","https://openalex.org/W2955349104","https://openalex.org/W2979542809","https://openalex.org/W2982408395","https://openalex.org/W2982578497","https://openalex.org/W2982964071","https://openalex.org/W3003508977","https://openalex.org/W3016824677","https://openalex.org/W3022483387","https://openalex.org/W3036803688","https://openalex.org/W3083080431","https://openalex.org/W3111606479","https://openalex.org/W3131030483","https://openalex.org/W3159812494","https://openalex.org/W3204593297","https://openalex.org/W3213297586","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4238624051","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4288325456","https://openalex.org/W6632167958","https://openalex.org/W6763863931","https://openalex.org/W6777080683","https://openalex.org/W6803921584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366411693","https://openalex.org/W3211641817","https://openalex.org/W3164717803","https://openalex.org/W4389915954","https://openalex.org/W3123387860","https://openalex.org/W3109867883","https://openalex.org/W4291291739","https://openalex.org/W2156712281","https://openalex.org/W1915933348","https://openalex.org/W2144373733"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decentralized":[0],"anonymous":[1,88],"payment":[2],"(DAP)":[3],"enables":[4],"users":[5,107,135],"to":[6,22,126,129,149],"directly":[7],"transfer":[8],"cryptocurrencies":[9,18],"privately":[10],"without":[11],"passing":[12],"through":[13,95],"a":[14,66],"central":[15],"authority.":[16],"Anonymous":[17],"have":[19],"been":[20],"proposed":[21,153],"improve":[23],"the":[24,36,47,81,91,124,131,152,161],"privacy":[25,40],"degree":[26,38],"of":[27,39,49,134],"DAP":[28,68],"systems,":[29],"such":[30,57],"as":[31,58],"Zerocash":[32],"and":[33,74,90,97,114,145,160],"Monero.":[34],"However,":[35],"strong":[37],"may":[41],"cause":[42],"new":[43],"regulatory":[44,72,85],"concerns,":[45],"i.e.,":[46],"anonymity":[48],"transactions":[50,111,138],"can":[51,108,155],"be":[52],"used":[53],"for":[54,87,101],"illegal":[55],"activities,":[56],"money":[59],"laundering.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"propose":[65],"novel":[67],"scheme":[69,125,154],"that":[70,110,151],"supports":[71],"compliance":[73],"enforcement.":[75],"We":[76],"first":[77],"introduce":[78],"regulators":[79,128],"into":[80],"system,":[82],"who":[83],"define":[84],"policies":[86,92],"payment,":[89],"are":[93,112,139,147],"enforced":[94],"commitments":[96],"non-interactive":[98],"zero-knowledge":[99],"proofs":[100],"compostable":[102],"statements.":[103],"By":[104],"doing":[105],"so,":[106],"prove":[109],"valid":[113],"comply":[115],"with":[116],"regulations.":[117],"A":[118],"tracing":[119],"mechanism":[120],"is":[121],"embedded":[122],"in":[123],"allow":[127],"recover":[130],"real":[132],"identities":[133],"when":[136],"suspicious":[137],"detected.":[140],"The":[141],"formal":[142],"security":[143,158],"model":[144],"proof":[146],"provided":[148],"demonstrate":[150],"achieve":[156],"desired":[157],"properties,":[159],"performance":[162],"evaluation":[163],"shows":[164],"its":[165],"high":[166],"efficiency.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
