{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285554319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422","title":"LoMar: A Local Defense Against Poisoning Attack on Federated Learning","display_name":"LoMar: A Local Defense Against Poisoning Attack on Federated Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285554319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328586","display_name":"Xingyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-9894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010329792","display_name":"Zhe Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-2137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057883383","display_name":"Shangqing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8543-2977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangqing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074257864","display_name":"Bo Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5708-766X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019612445","display_name":"Zhuo Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1131-4307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100463098","display_name":"Yao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3382-798X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100328586"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.1969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":130,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98735398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"437","last_page":"450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.8296973705291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-facto","display_name":"De facto","score":0.5516839027404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5260003805160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4420841336250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3226606249809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.12700733542442322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.8296973705291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992317946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712144","display_name":"De facto","level":2,"score":0.5516839027404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5260003805160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4420841336250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3226606249809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.12700733542442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3135422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2605707540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-2047570","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3394195535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2044516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126266486","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1584412742","https://openalex.org/W1597870463","https://openalex.org/W1864928074","https://openalex.org/W2008572210","https://openalex.org/W2050913223","https://openalex.org/W2071079847","https://openalex.org/W2074950806","https://openalex.org/W2099001231","https://openalex.org/W2103154003","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2125908420","https://openalex.org/W2129905273","https://openalex.org/W2249382963","https://openalex.org/W2293844262","https://openalex.org/W2328176404","https://openalex.org/W2535838896","https://openalex.org/W2572504188","https://openalex.org/W2590761734","https://openalex.org/W2602110945","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2613314732","https://openalex.org/W2748789698","https://openalex.org/W2765325683","https://openalex.org/W2788308444","https://openalex.org/W2788816110","https://openalex.org/W2804662085","https://openalex.org/W2810065831","https://openalex.org/W2810611310","https://openalex.org/W2886444620","https://openalex.org/W2912984848","https://openalex.org/W2930926105","https://openalex.org/W2962763344","https://openalex.org/W2963456518","https://openalex.org/W2963839617","https://openalex.org/W3003426262","https://openalex.org/W3014775455","https://openalex.org/W3084847664","https://openalex.org/W3087391814","https://openalex.org/W3103245149","https://openalex.org/W4244259635","https://openalex.org/W4248150819","https://openalex.org/W4297687186","https://openalex.org/W6676935882","https://openalex.org/W6677082149","https://openalex.org/W6712837096","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6735632633","https://openalex.org/W6743581629","https://openalex.org/W6743821447","https://openalex.org/W6748268456","https://openalex.org/W6748786018","https://openalex.org/W6749794497","https://openalex.org/W6750462152","https://openalex.org/W6751834946","https://openalex.org/W6752600739","https://openalex.org/W6752931940","https://openalex.org/W6753124209","https://openalex.org/W6754708698","https://openalex.org/W6756333562","https://openalex.org/W6756840679","https://openalex.org/W6761541817","https://openalex.org/W6762462524","https://openalex.org/W6770634426","https://openalex.org/W6773366154","https://openalex.org/W6775941530","https://openalex.org/W6779821316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2807906686","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2794909825","https://openalex.org/W4247715995","https://openalex.org/W2594962586","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2518047880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"learning":[1,9],"(FL)":[2],"provides":[3],"a":[4,21,26,62,92,112,147],"high":[5],"efficient":[6],"decentralized":[7],"machine":[8],"framework,":[10],"where":[11],"the":[12,48,55,85,125,136,140,157,170],"training":[13],"data":[14],"remains":[15],"distributed":[16],"at":[17],"remote":[18,51,81],"clients":[19],"in":[20],"network.":[22],"Though":[23],"FL":[24,137],"enables":[25],"privacy-preserving":[27],"mobile":[28],"edge":[29],"computing":[30],"framework":[31],"using":[32,91],"IoT":[33],"devices,":[34],"recent":[35],"studies":[36],"have":[37,121],"shown":[38],"that":[39,129],"this":[40],"approach":[41],"is":[42,103],"susceptible":[43],"to":[44,105,165,178],"poisoning":[45,56],"attacks":[46,57],"from":[47,79,111,162,175],"side":[49],"of":[50],"clients.":[52],"To":[53],"address":[54],"on":[58,117,143],"FL,":[59],"we":[60],"provide":[61],"<i>two-phase</i>":[63],"defense":[64,131,141],"algorithm":[65],"called":[66],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[67,163,166,176,179],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${\\underline{Lo}cal\\":[68],"\\underline{Ma}licious\\":[69],"Facto\\underline{r}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[70],"(LoMar).":[71],"In":[72,97],"phase":[73,98],"I,":[74],"LoMar":[75,155],"scores":[76],"model":[77],"updates":[78,110],"each":[80],"client":[82],"by":[83],"measuring":[84],"relative":[86],"distribution":[87],"over":[88],"their":[89],"neighbors":[90],"kernel":[93],"density":[94],"estimation":[95],"method.":[96],"II,":[99],"an":[100],"optimal":[101],"threshold":[102],"approximated":[104],"distinguish":[106],"malicious":[107],"and":[108,124,169],"clean":[109],"statistical":[113],"perspective.":[114],"Comprehensive":[115],"experiments":[116],"four":[118],"real-world":[119],"datasets":[120],"been":[122],"conducted,":[123],"experimental":[126],"results":[127],"show":[128],"our":[130],"strategy":[132],"can":[133],"effectively":[134],"protect":[135],"system.":[138],"Specifically,":[139],"performance":[142],"Amazon":[144],"dataset":[145],"under":[146],"label-flipping":[148],"attack":[149],"indicates":[150],"that,":[151],"compared":[152],"with":[153],"FG+Krum,":[154],"increases":[156],"target":[158],"label":[159],"testing":[160,173],"accuracy":[161,174],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$96.0\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[164],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$98.8\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[167],",":[168],"overall":[171],"averaged":[172],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$90.1\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[177],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$97.0\\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[180],".":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}