{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162945253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","title":"Linguistic Steganography Based on Adaptive Probability Distribution","display_name":"Linguistic Steganography Based on Adaptive Probability Distribution","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162945253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","mag":"3162945253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031381031","display_name":"Xuejing Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-7693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-7693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084672117","display_name":"Wanli Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-6928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanli Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-6928","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070925731","display_name":"Boya Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-3107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boya Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-3107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011638218","display_name":"Juan Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-2988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-2988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012766424","display_name":"Yiming Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-3868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-3868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008289463","display_name":"Ping Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-3475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-3475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96138772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"2982","last_page":"2997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8476554155349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.8254091739654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7976669073104858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5854178071022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49686339497566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.4848710000514984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.46824944019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.35833245515823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3496994972229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.343737930059433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1388896405696869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10346314311027527}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8476554155349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.8254091739654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7976669073104858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5854178071022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49686339497566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.4848710000514984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.46824944019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35833245515823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3496994972229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.343737930059433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1388896405696869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10346314311027527}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2021.3079957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3651703050","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4635345548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505629914","https://openalex.org/W1516983852","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1537333608","https://openalex.org/W1540535495","https://openalex.org/W1594001530","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1865642960","https://openalex.org/W1905014122","https://openalex.org/W1965997238","https://openalex.org/W2038047091","https://openalex.org/W2069994443","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2108498102","https://openalex.org/W2125791341","https://openalex.org/W2126316555","https://openalex.org/W2139842737","https://openalex.org/W2140075254","https://openalex.org/W2146170623","https://openalex.org/W2542146404","https://openalex.org/W2583194464","https://openalex.org/W2618218947","https://openalex.org/W2621053137","https://openalex.org/W2735711430","https://openalex.org/W2745053992","https://openalex.org/W2751202750","https://openalex.org/W2789773147","https://openalex.org/W2794550893","https://openalex.org/W2893556909","https://openalex.org/W2911759304","https://openalex.org/W2912142077","https://openalex.org/W2934198647","https://openalex.org/W2941326838","https://openalex.org/W2947752314","https://openalex.org/W2949862294","https://openalex.org/W2950729339","https://openalex.org/W2952265495","https://openalex.org/W2964268978","https://openalex.org/W2969585684","https://openalex.org/W2990143630","https://openalex.org/W3014082027","https://openalex.org/W3035769874","https://openalex.org/W3037650204","https://openalex.org/W4253000688","https://openalex.org/W6639137971","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6676984168","https://openalex.org/W6683204974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W1716757876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Text":[0],"has":[1,28],"become":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,37,62,87,143,176],"the":[5,35,60,85,92,101,114,119,135,141,150,174,177,192],"most":[6],"extensively":[7],"used":[8],"digital":[9],"media":[10],"in":[11,91],"Internet,":[12],"which":[13,57,83,133],"provides":[14],"steganography":[15,27],"an":[16],"effective":[17],"carrier":[18],"to":[19,34,111,147,172],"realize":[20],"confidential":[21],"message":[22],"hiding.":[23],"Nowadays,":[24],"generation-based":[25],"linguistic":[26,71],"made":[29],"a":[30,69,125,152],"significant":[31],"breakthrough":[32],"due":[33],"progress":[36],"deep":[38],"learning.":[39],"However,":[40],"previous":[41],"methods":[42],"based":[43,74],"on":[44,75],"recurrent":[45],"neural":[46],"network":[47,110],"have":[48],"two":[49],"deviations":[50],"including":[51,180],"exposure":[52,115],"bias":[53],"and":[54,79,117],"embedding":[55,136,158],"deviation,":[56],"seriously":[58],"destroys":[59],"security":[61,98],"steganography.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"article,":[66],"we":[67],"propose":[68],"novel":[70,153],"steganographic":[72,102,195],"model":[73,160,190],"adaptive":[76],"probability":[77,126,144],"distribution":[78],"generative":[80,108],"adversarial":[81,109],"network,":[82],"achieves":[84],"goal":[86],"hiding":[88],"secret":[89],"messages":[90],"generated":[93],"text":[94],"while":[95],"guaranteeing":[96],"high":[97],"performance.":[99],"First,":[100],"generator":[103],"is":[104,122,162],"trained":[105],"by":[106,124],"using":[107],"effectively":[112],"tackle":[113],"bias,":[116],"then":[118],"candidate":[120],"pool":[121],"obtained":[123],"similarity":[127],"function":[128],"at":[129],"each":[130],"time":[131],"step,":[132],"alleviates":[134],"deviation":[137],"through":[138],"dynamically":[139],"maintaining":[140],"diversity":[142],"distribution.":[145],"Third,":[146],"further":[148],"improve":[149],"security,":[151],"strategy":[154],"that":[155,187],"conducts":[156],"information":[157],"during":[159],"training":[161],"put":[163],"forward.":[164],"We":[165],"design":[166],"various":[167],"experiments":[168],"from":[169],"different":[170],"aspects":[171],"verify":[173],"performance":[175],"proposed":[178,189],"model,":[179],"imperceptibility,":[181],"statistical":[182],"distribution,":[183],"anti-steganalysis":[184],"ability.":[185],"demonstrate":[186],"our":[188],"outperforms":[191],"current":[193],"state-of-the-art":[194],"schemes.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}