{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004775632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","title":"Taming the Contention in Consensus-based Distributed Systems","display_name":"Taming the Contention in Consensus-based Distributed Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004775632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","mag":"3004775632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009543917","display_name":"Balaji Arun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balaji Arun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076348283","display_name":"Sebastiano Peluso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastiano Peluso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook Inc., Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook Inc., Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060347832","display_name":"Roberto Palmieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-4088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Palmieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040282494","display_name":"Giuliano Losa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-7928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140281","display_name":"Galois (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g8y8161","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140281"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuliano Losa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Galois Inc., Portland, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Galois Inc., Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140281"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067528153","display_name":"Binoy Ravindran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-739X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binoy Ravindran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54737337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7302443981170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5440778136253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.5208319425582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-design","display_name":"Protocol design","score":0.4615369737148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.417391836643219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32793036103248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2388227880001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1453230082988739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-protocol","display_name":"Communications protocol","score":0.138746440410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09780505299568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0894436240196228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7302443981170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5440778136253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5208319425582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982881601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Protocol design","level":3,"score":0.4615369737148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.417391836643219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32793036103248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2388227880001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1453230082988739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.138746440410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09780505299568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0894436240196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2020.2970186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133795288","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","issn_l":"1545-5971","issn":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/107992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107992","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article - Refereed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1404975612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS 1523558","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","funder_display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1440997601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-16-1-0371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8424463548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-15-1-0098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdzmk74"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W128882295","https://openalex.org/W1504504841","https://openalex.org/W1565495482","https://openalex.org/W1814543774","https://openalex.org/W1965159636","https://openalex.org/W1973134622","https://openalex.org/W1979867838","https://openalex.org/W1995842523","https://openalex.org/W1999610418","https://openalex.org/W2011645887","https://openalex.org/W2013409485","https://openalex.org/W2027569465","https://openalex.org/W2035362408","https://openalex.org/W2053254916","https://openalex.org/W2060953276","https://openalex.org/W2066001604","https://openalex.org/W2067740651","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2086862936","https://openalex.org/W2092163141","https://openalex.org/W2106670435","https://openalex.org/W2114407468","https://openalex.org/W2118677985","https://openalex.org/W2182688186","https://openalex.org/W2293100135","https://openalex.org/W2409393357","https://openalex.org/W2528841594","https://openalex.org/W2609142371","https://openalex.org/W2913506340","https://openalex.org/W3100217861","https://openalex.org/W3105574335","https://openalex.org/W6638279287","https://openalex.org/W6676265505","https://openalex.org/W6686169942","https://openalex.org/W6714557880","https://openalex.org/W6758863474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W26296735","https://openalex.org/W3011637539","https://openalex.org/W3134623313","https://openalex.org/W2019522905","https://openalex.org/W2039234374","https://openalex.org/W4283459152","https://openalex.org/W2384317380","https://openalex.org/W1981766344","https://openalex.org/W2418602632","https://openalex.org/W1985150518"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contention":[0],"plays":[1],"a":[2,26,75,100,114],"crucial":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5,66,74,119],"the":[6,67,120],"design":[7],"of":[8,69,93,135],"consensus":[9,87,101,108,138],"protocols.":[10,139],"State-of-the-art":[11],"solutions":[12],"optimize":[13],"their":[14],"performance":[15],"for":[16,34,40,90],"either":[17],"very":[18],"low":[19],"or":[20],"high":[21,130],"contention":[22],"situations.":[23],"We":[24,125],"proposeCaesar,":[25],"novel":[27],"multi-leader":[28,51],"Generalized":[29],"Consensus":[30],"protocol,":[31],"most":[32],"suitable":[33],"geographical":[35],"replication,":[36],"that":[37,81,103],"is":[38,83,104],"optimized":[39],"low-to-moderate":[41],"contention.":[42],"With":[43],"an":[44],"evaluation":[45],"study,":[46],"we":[47,79,97],"show":[48,126],"thatCaesaroutperforms":[49],"other":[50],"(e.g.,":[52,56],"EPaxos)":[53],"and":[54,63,122],"single-leader":[55],"Multi-Paxos)":[57],"competitors":[58],"by":[59],"up":[60],"to":[61,106,112,117],"1.7x":[62],"3.5x,":[64],"respectively,":[65],"presence":[68],"30":[70],"percent":[71],"conflicting":[72],"requests,":[73],"geo-replicated":[76],"setting.":[77],"Furthermore,":[78],"acknowledge":[80],"there":[82],"no":[84],"one-size-fits-":[85],"all":[86,91],"solution,":[88],"especially":[89],"levels":[92],"contentious":[94],"workloads.":[95],"Thus,":[96],"also":[98],"proposeSpectrum,":[99],"framework":[102],"able":[105],"switch":[107],"protocols":[109],"at":[110],"runtime":[111],"enable":[113],"dynamic":[115],"reaction":[116],"changes":[118],"workload":[121],"deployment":[123],"characteristics.":[124],"empirically":[127],"thatSpectrumcan":[128],"guarantee":[129],"availability":[131],"even":[132],"during":[133],"periods":[134],"transition":[136],"between":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
