{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123339500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","title":"Data-Driven Learning Distributed Optimization of Heterogeneous Linear Multiagent Systems","display_name":"Data-Driven Learning Distributed Optimization of Heterogeneous Linear Multiagent Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123339500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41525600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haizhou Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5885-4801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haizhou Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5885-4801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070900223","display_name":"Kedi Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5700-9856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kedi Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5700-9856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087266541","display_name":"Maobin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-5786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maobin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-5786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fang Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1111-7285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117825","display_name":"Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjnsn63","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117825"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of AI, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1111-7285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of AI, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I4210117825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-9793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-9793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08035497,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"6","first_page":"3128","last_page":"3139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.4839000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.36090001463890076}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6686000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.4839000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.46810001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.36090001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205875254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156857","display_name":"Decentralised system","level":3,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2025.3638346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41525600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41525600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7597438993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8170850676","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U25A20467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8793206476","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62503052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,30],"article,":[2],"we":[3,61,143],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,16,33,41,54,63,69,75,79,86,92,96,102,107,111,115,119,136,139,146,150,161,165,170],"distributed":[6,70,151],"optimization":[7,71,152],"problem":[8],"of":[9,29,35,46,78,91,110,128,138,157,164,172,187],"heterogeneous":[10],"general":[11],"linear":[12],"multiagent":[13],"systems":[14,190],"by":[15,57,124],"adaptive":[17],"dynamic":[18],"programming":[19],"(ADP)":[20],"approach":[21,38,66,148,175],"over":[22],"directed":[23],"communication":[24],"networks.":[25],"A":[26],"distinctive":[27],"feature":[28],"work":[31],"is":[32,82,176],"development":[34],"a":[36,126],"data-driven":[37,65],"that":[39,145],"eliminates":[40],"need":[42],"for":[43,49],"prior":[44],"knowledge":[45],"system":[47,59,97],"dynamics":[48,98],"all":[50,158],"agents.":[51],"To":[52],"address":[53],"challenges":[55],"posed":[56],"unknown":[58],"dynamics,":[60],"utilize":[62],"ADP-based":[64],"to":[67,181],"develop":[68],"control":[72,80,120,186],"law.":[73],"First,":[74],"feedback":[76,104],"gain":[77,105],"law":[81,121],"determined":[83],"based":[84],"on":[85],"state":[87],"and":[88,106,134,191],"input":[89],"data":[90,109],"controlled":[93,112],"systems.":[94,113],"Next,":[95],"are":[99,122],"reconstructed":[100],"using":[101],"solved":[103],"running":[108],"Then,":[114],"remaining":[116],"parameters":[117],"in":[118],"designed":[123],"solving":[125],"series":[127],"steady-state":[129],"equations.":[130],"Under":[131],"standard":[132],"assumptions":[133],"through":[135,178],"application":[137,180],"certainty":[140],"equivalence":[141],"principle,":[142],"prove":[144],"proposed":[147,174],"solves":[149],"problem,":[153],"ensuring":[154],"output":[155,183],"consensus":[156],"agents":[159],"at":[160],"optimal":[162,182],"solution":[163],"global":[166],"cost":[167],"function.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"viability":[171],"our":[173],"demonstrated":[177],"its":[179],"power":[184],"sharing":[185],"hydraulic":[188],"turbine":[189],"their":[192],"large-scale":[193],"form.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}
