{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394627326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","title":"Exploring Robust Features for Improving Adversarial Robustness","display_name":"Exploring Robust Features for Improving Adversarial Robustness","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394627326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38593009"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2368822","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085682811","display_name":"Hong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5359-6296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200870766","display_name":"Brookhaven National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02ex6cf31","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I200870766","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210142672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5359-6296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200870766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047165687","display_name":"Yuefan Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5224-3958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuefan Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048176207","display_name":"Shinjae Yoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-6448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200870766","display_name":"Brookhaven National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02ex6cf31","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I200870766","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210142672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinjae Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-6448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200870766"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027105734","display_name":"Yuewei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-4543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200870766","display_name":"Brookhaven National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02ex6cf31","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I200870766","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210142672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuewei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-4543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200870766"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.109,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79971988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"9","first_page":"5141","last_page":"5151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.8984537720680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.848596453666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.816498875617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7555029392242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.645645022392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.6150950789451599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4532824158668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4453853666782379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35832324624061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.31389421224594116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.8984537720680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.848596453666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.816498875617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7555029392242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.645645022392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.6150950789451599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4532824158668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4453853666782379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35832324624061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.31389421224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2024.3380437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191041","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","issn_l":"2168-2267","issn":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38593009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38593009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on cybernetics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2368822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2368822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2368822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2368822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2243397390","https://openalex.org/W2302255633","https://openalex.org/W2768718880","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2791953061","https://openalex.org/W2798302089","https://openalex.org/W2904169782","https://openalex.org/W2944049653","https://openalex.org/W2952056941","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2962872506","https://openalex.org/W2962968216","https://openalex.org/W2963746531","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2991429372","https://openalex.org/W2997560666","https://openalex.org/W2998115938","https://openalex.org/W3001909981","https://openalex.org/W3017485054","https://openalex.org/W3034373371","https://openalex.org/W3035436173","https://openalex.org/W3089774673","https://openalex.org/W3099502074","https://openalex.org/W3107235539","https://openalex.org/W3109986233","https://openalex.org/W3120052154","https://openalex.org/W3166542014","https://openalex.org/W3176164880","https://openalex.org/W3176854601","https://openalex.org/W3189951784","https://openalex.org/W3195816215","https://openalex.org/W3199643775","https://openalex.org/W3214465091","https://openalex.org/W4206469693","https://openalex.org/W4211106488","https://openalex.org/W4214585697","https://openalex.org/W4226058100","https://openalex.org/W4226237874","https://openalex.org/W4226239489","https://openalex.org/W4226269514","https://openalex.org/W4289639938","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4306247941","https://openalex.org/W4313133625","https://openalex.org/W4390872150","https://openalex.org/W4394597328","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6675897241","https://openalex.org/W6719080892","https://openalex.org/W6745535286","https://openalex.org/W6747536865","https://openalex.org/W6748475379","https://openalex.org/W6748965907","https://openalex.org/W6750707585","https://openalex.org/W6759129252","https://openalex.org/W6761100157","https://openalex.org/W6761687776","https://openalex.org/W6761839128","https://openalex.org/W6763275521","https://openalex.org/W6765597837","https://openalex.org/W6766725774","https://openalex.org/W6767248609","https://openalex.org/W6772461460","https://openalex.org/W6774469542","https://openalex.org/W6774681163","https://openalex.org/W6779270592","https://openalex.org/W6791875987","https://openalex.org/W6795764869","https://openalex.org/W6796288065","https://openalex.org/W6796715692","https://openalex.org/W6803790678","https://openalex.org/W6804629983","https://openalex.org/W6837945584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2995777218","https://openalex.org/W2950183588","https://openalex.org/W3080754722","https://openalex.org/W4383221314","https://openalex.org/W3093978547","https://openalex.org/W2953536436","https://openalex.org/W3203790781","https://openalex.org/W4313346231","https://openalex.org/W2738001131","https://openalex.org/W4285785480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"deep":[1],"neural":[2],"networks":[3],"(DNNs)":[4],"have":[5],"revolutionized":[6],"many":[7],"fields,":[8],"their":[9],"fragility":[10],"to":[11,29,45,54,67,103,114],"carefully":[12],"designed":[13],"adversarial":[14,40,51,58,100],"attacks":[15,88],"impedes":[16],"the":[17,31,39,46,56,69,98,104,108,116,120],"usage":[18],"of":[19],"DNNs":[20],"in":[21,153],"safety-critical":[22],"applications.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"article,":[26],"we":[27,61,138],"strive":[28],"explore":[30],"robust":[32,70,91],"features":[33,71,74,92,118],"that":[34,42,90],"are":[35],"not":[36],"affected":[37],"by":[38],"perturbations,":[41],"is,":[43],"invariant":[44],"clean":[47,121,145,154],"image":[48,155],"and":[49,75,123,147],"its":[50],"examples":[52],"(AEs),":[53],"improve":[55,97],"model's":[57,99],"robustness.":[59],"Specifically,":[60],"propose":[62],"a":[63],"feature":[64],"disentanglement":[65],"model":[66,96],"segregate":[68],"from":[72,94,119],"nonrobust":[73],"domain-specific":[76,117],"features.":[77],"The":[78],"extensive":[79],"experiments":[80],"on":[81],"five":[82],"widely":[83],"used":[84],"datasets":[85],"with":[86],"different":[87,142],"demonstrate":[89],"obtained":[93],"our":[95],"robustness":[101],"compared":[102],"state-of-the-art":[105],"approaches.":[106],"Moreover,":[107],"trained":[109],"domain":[110],"discriminator":[111],"is":[112],"able":[113],"identify":[115],"images":[122,146],"AEs":[124],"almost":[125],"perfectly.":[126],"This":[127],"enables":[128],"AE":[129],"detection":[130],"without":[131],"incurring":[132],"additional":[133],"computational":[134],"costs.":[135],"With":[136],"that,":[137],"can":[139],"also":[140],"specify":[141],"classifiers":[143],"for":[144],"AEs,":[148],"thereby":[149],"avoiding":[150],"any":[151],"drop":[152],"accuracy.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T08:27:34.040176","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}